Humanities and Social Sciences

Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej

Content

Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej | 2024 | t. 27 | No 3

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Abstract

Magazyn Warszawski pięknych nauk, kunsztów i różnych wiadomości dawnych i nowych dla zabawy i pożytku osób obojej płci, wszelkiego stanu i smaku [The Warsaw Magazine of fine arts, sciences and all kinds of old and new information, amusing and useful, for both sexes] was published in Warsaw in the years 1784–1785, edited and published by the former Jesuit Piotr Świtkowski. In its pages, he published character sketches of inhabitants of foreign countries, including Germany, England, France, Italy, Spain and Portugal. Most of that content were easy- ‑to‑read articles and travel accounts translated from foreign magazines. As a rule he gave preference to those authors who vividly described the salient features of typical foreigners. As practically all the texts include more or less explicit references to Poland, we may conclude that they must have been written by Poles.
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Authors and Affiliations

Danuta Hombek
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Instytut Mediów, Dziennikarstwa i Komunikacji Społecznej, Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach, ul. Uniwersytecka 1, 25-406 Kielce
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Abstract

Between 1875 and 1881, the Ancient Olympia in the north‑west of the Peloponnese Peninsula became the site of systematic excavations conducted by a team of German archaeologists led by Ernst Curtius. It is regarded as a pivotal event not only for our understanding of the Greek civilization in virtually all its branches, but also as a significant moment in the history of global sports. This article analyzes the ways in which the contemporary Polish press published in the Polish territories under Prussian, Austro‑Hungarian and Russian rule reported and reacted to the German discoveries at Olympia; it also tries to assess the extent to which the Poles understood the significance of the find and its geopolitical and social impact. The article also focuses on identifying the points emphasized in press narratives, and asks whether the Olympia story may have influenced the shaping of the fledgling sports movement in Poland.
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Authors and Affiliations

Arkadiusz Włodarczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Kamil Potrzuski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mateusz Rozmiarek
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Katedra Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych, Wydział Wychowania Fizycznego, Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego, Józefa Piłsudskiego w Warszawie, ul. Marymoncka 34, 00-968 Warszawa 45
  2. Zakład Turystyki Sportowej, Katedra Kinezjologii Sportu, Wydział Nauk o Kulturze Fizycznej, Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego im. Eugeniusza Piaseckiego w Poznaniu, ul. Królowej Jadwigi 27/39, 61-871 Poznań
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Abstract

This text is an attempt to complement the research into the role of the Cracow daily Dziennik Polski in informing and educating the Polish public about what was then called the Recovered Territories and Wrocław (Breslau), prior its seizure by the Red Army on 6 May 1945, by bringing to light a vast array of ephemeral prints that made up the Wrocław infosphere after the arrival of the first wave of Polish 'repatriants'. This analysis follows the methodology of source studies, while making use of the bibliographical approach method and content analysis. The results confirm the great role of the Dziennik Polski and the ephemeral materials in carrying through the information and propaganda campaign about the Western and Northern Territories (i.e. former German territories east of the Oder‑Neisse rivers) and their settlement. The informational, advertising and mobilising role of the Dziennik Polski as well as multiple leaflets, public notices, etc., published by Wrocław's new authorities and institutions requires further research.
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Authors and Affiliations

Aneta Firlej-Buzon
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Instytut Nauk o Informacji i Mediach Uniwersytet Wrocławski, Pl. Uniwersytecki 9/13, 50-137 Wrocław
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Abstract

This article presents the political, social and cultural periodical (which began as a monthly, but then switching to a bimonthly cycle) Kronika Poświęcona Sprawom Polskim [A Chronicle of Polish Affairs], a semi-offical organ of the Supreme National Committee of the Free Poles in Denmark, published in Copenhagen in 1971–1985. Its target audience were Polish political émigrés of all social classes, professions and educational status, primary in the Scandinavian countries, driven by hatred to the political and social system imposed on Poland by the communists in 1945. The outreach of the magazine soon extended to the Polish diaspora worldwide thanks, among others, to the its founder and chief editor Professor Eugeniusz Stanisław Kruszewski, historian and political scientist connected with the Polish University Abroad in London, economist, social activist and diplomat — he held the post of Delegate of the Government of the Republic of Poland in Exile to the Kingdom of Denmark in Copenhagen in 1976–1990. The idea of launching the Kronika was born out of the need to establish a communication platform for Poles who left or were expelled from Poland for political reasons, first in the aftermath of the December 1970 protests in Gdańsk and other Baltic cities.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jolanta Chwastyk-Kowalczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Instytut Mediów, Dziennikarstwa i Komunikacji Społecznej, Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach, ul. Uniwersytecka 17, 25-406 Kielce
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Abstract

The local press systematically updated its readers about the progress of the Puppet Theatre building project which was completed in 2023 (the opening ceremony took place on October 7). That event can be a starting point of a reflection not only on the long and rich history of local puppetry, but also on the attitude of the media, especially the press, towards this form of stage art. It wasn't always an easy relationship. The aim of this article is to retrace the Zielona Góra Puppet Theatre’s history in the light of what journalists and critics associated with the local and national press have written about it over the years.
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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Prusinowski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wojewódzka i Miejska Biblioteka Publiczna im. Cypriana Norwida w Zielonej Górze, al. Wojska Polskiego 9, 65-048 Zielona Góra
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Abstract

The Grünberger Wochenblatt, the oldest newspaper published in Zielona Góra before 1945, started on 2 July 1825 as a weekly. It offered its readers a mixed bag of entertainment and information, fiction, travel stories and ethnography, poems, puzzles and brainteasers, and very soon became popular both in town (then Grünberg) and the region. By the mid-19th century it acquired the reputation of the most liberal, democratic and leftist paper in Germany. Its publisher Wilhelm Levysohn was a diehard democrat and polonophile (he pleaded in favour of the 254 Poles charged with treason — plotting an armed insurrection against the government at the 1847 Berlin Trial). The Grünberger Wochenblatt's Anniversary Special of 1 July 1925, which came out with a record number of pages, for once outsold the top widely-respected German newspapers. In the region itself, the north-west corner of the Province of Silesia it was always the most popular newspaper. It stood by its readers at difficult moments of history, providing them with information not only about local and regional events but also about developments of national and international dimension.
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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Biszczanik
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Lubuskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Uniwersytet Zielonogórski, bud. A-16, al. Wojska Polskiego 69, 65-762 Zielona Góra
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Abstract

Jadwiga Krawczyńska was a professionally trained journalist who made a name for herself as early as the 1920s. Journalism was for a her a vocation: she brought to it passion and wholehearted commitment. In her articles and documentaries for the press or the Polish Radio, she exposed the discrimination against women, not only in her community and but also in other professional groups, and in social and public life as a whole. The issue of women's rights, especially the right to work, was close to her heart. So was the precarious position of single women and single mothers. A vocal defender of women's rights in the twenties and thirties, she no longer found them such a burning issue during and after the war. The realities of life in occupied Poland and involvement in the underground resistance made her revise her views and priorities. As duty came first, both for women and society at large, women's issues seemed to have receded into the background.
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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Dajnowicz
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Instytut Pileckiego — Instytut Solidarności i Męstwa im. Witolda Pileckiego, ul. Foksal 17, 00-372 Warszawa
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Abstract

This is a critical study of the Chronicle section of Nowa Książka. 10 zeszytów rocznie poświęconych krytyce
literackiej i naukowej oraz bibliografii [The New Book: Ten Issues published annually dedicated to literary and
scholarly criticism and bibliography], a bibliographical and literary‑review periodical, published in 1934–1939,
focused on its coverage of notable cultural anniversaries and jubilees celebrated in Poland and abroad. The article
lists 129 items (reports) from the Chronicle and arranges them in a timeline of occasions and personages, many of
which have faded from public memory or have been completely forgotten. This reformatted chronicle makes
a fascinating cultural panorama of the contemporary (interwar) reception, appreciation and ranking of various artists,
for the most part writers, as well institutions and ceremonial occasions. The article demonstrates the usefulness of the
'reformatted chronicle' device in the study of the cultural life of a historical period. It can, in a way, provide us
a unique insight into the minds and value‑systems of the one group of contemporary opinion‑makers, the editors and
authors of a highbrow periodical.

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Authors and Affiliations

Agnieszka Gołda
1
Anna Małgorzata Kamińska
1

  1. Instytut Nauk o Informacji i Mediach, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, pl. Uniwersytecki 9/13, 50-137 Wrocław
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Abstract

The monthly Nauka i Sztuka [Science and Art] was the first learned magazine to be published in Poland's Western Territories after 1945. Initially, it had two chief editors, Julian Krzyżanowski and Stefan Maria Kuczyński; soon, however, the latter resigned his post. The magazine covered developments in science, literature, the arts, culture, as well as regional themes. In 1948, as the communist authorities tightened the screws on the Wrocław media that did not cut ties with authors who had entered journalism before the war or that did not do enough to educate their readers about the new Western Territories and their Polish past, Nauka i Sztuka ceased publication. Combining the historical, bibliographical and critical approaches, this article presents a formal analysis of the magazine's profile and an examination of some parts of its content. An assessment of its treatment of themes connected with the Western, or 'Recovered Territories', shows that it consistently kept on high standards, not least by relying on knowledgeable and competent authors. What they wrote could hardly contribute to the formation of a properly politicized historical consciousness, both on the individual and the collective level, that the new regime badly needed. In these circumstances, the decision to shut down Nauka i Sztuka was only natural.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bożena Koredczuk
1

  1. Instytut Nauk o Informacji i Mediach, Uniwersytet Wrocławski, pl. Uniwersytecki 9/13, PL 50-137 Wrocław
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Abstract

The erosion of the printed press segment are unanimously blamed on technological change and changing patterns of media consumption. The steep decline in print circulation and advertising revenue have wiped out the publishers' profits and forced them to drastic cost‑cutting. The publishing companies have hardly the financial resources of their own to invest in digital transformation while the prospects of attracting an outside investor are rather dim. Some publishers have already failed, others are fighting back as best they can by downsizing (reducing the number of publications), regrouping through merger and acquisition, and ever new rounds of job cuts.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jolanta Dzierżyńska-Mielczarek
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Journalism and Social Communication Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce ul. Uniwersytecka 17 PL 25-406 Kielce

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Publication Ethics Policy

Code of ethics

The Editorial Board of ‘Yearbook of the History of Polish Press’ (YHPP) applies core practices of publication ethics according to the guidelines of COPE – Committee on Publication Ethics. All parts involved in the publishing process (editors, authors, reviewers, and publishers) are familiarized with the practices applied in the journal.

The authors, when submitting the manuscript, must confirm their knowledge of these rules.In the case of manuscripts with multiple authors, the authors must declare who contributed to the work and in what capacity. YHPP does not accept the manuscripts that have been under consideration for publication anywhere else. Reviewers who accept to assess the manuscript must confirm the knowledge of the code of ethics (Guidelines for reviewers) as well as declare any conflict of interest.

Detailed guidelines on publication ethics applied in the journal are available at COPE website: https://publicationethics.org/guidance/Guidelines. The basic standards of ethics applied in YHPP, based on the guidelines of COPE are presented below.

Code of conduct for Editorial Board

Fair play. Submitted manuscripts are assessed based on their content without discrimination on grounds of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, nationality, religious or political beliefs.

Confidentiality. All submissions are confidential. It is unacceptable to disclose their content to the third parties by anyone except if authorized by the Editor-in-Chief. Any part of manuscripts cannot be used by the persons involved in the process of reviewing and editing.

Independence of the Parties and Conflict of Interest. The selection of reviewers is carried out with the utmost care and ethical standards, and in accordance with the principle of independence of the parties. The reviewers should not be affiliated with the same academic institution as any of the authors of the manuscripts, and they cannot assess the manuscripts where a conflict of interest may occur between the reviewer and the author(s).

Prevention of ghostwriting and guest authorship. Editorial Board of YHPP feels responsible for the research reliability, and it implements the rules of prevention of ghostwriting and guest authorship. “Ghostwriting” is a phenomenon of not disclosing the name of a person who is the author or who has made a significant contribution to the submission. The significant contribution should be always reported by indicating the names of all authors or by acknowledging this person. “Guest authorship” is based on attributing to particular person authorship or co-authorship, even though her/his contribution to the publication was very little or did not happen at all. To prevent ghostwriting and guest authorship, the authors are asked to disclose each author’s contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study; the main responsibility in contribution reporting lies on the corresponding author. The Editorial Board requires a financial disclosure as well as disclosure of any support made by research institutions, associations, and any other subjects. The Editorial Board documents any manifestation of scientific misconduct, particularly violation of scientific research ethics. All cases will be revealed, and the relevant actors (i.e., institutions that employ the authors, scientific societies, scholarly editors associations, etc.).

Decisions on publication. The Editor-in-Chief takes the final decision on which materials will be and which will not be published. The Editor-in-Chief’s decision is based on the reviewers’ assessments, journal editorial policy, as well as on the legal requirements considering plagiarism and other copyright violation.

Code of conduct for Reviewers

Contribution to the work of Editorial Board. Reviewers assist in the work of the Editorial Board and they influence the decisions made by editors. They may also assist the authors in improving their manuscripts.

Qualifications and promptness. Any invited reviewer who feels unqualified to review the research reported in a manuscript, or knows that its prompt review will be impossible should immediately notify the Editorial Board.

Confidentiality. All texts submitted for publication, reviewed, and edited are confidential. It is unacceptable to disclose their content to third parties, except if authorized by the Editor-in-Chief. The content of the entrusted editorial staff and reviewed texts may not be used in any form by persons involved in the editing and reviewing process.

Standards of objectivity. Reviews should be conducted objectively. Personal criticism of the author is unacceptable. Reviewers should express their remarks clearly with supporting arguments.

Acknowledgment of sources. Reviewers, if needed, should indicate relevant published works that have not been cited by the authors. Any statement that has been reported in previous publications should be accompanied by the relevant in-text citation. A reviewer should also notify the Editorial Board of any substantial similarity between the manuscript under consideration and any other published manuscript.

Independence of the parties and conflicts of interest. The selection of reviewers is carried out with the utmost care and ethical standards, and in accordance with the principle of independence of the parties. In particular, the principle applies, according to which reviewers should not work at the same academic institution as any of the authors of the texts under evaluation, and they cannot evaluate texts where there may be a conflict of interest between the reviewer and the author(s).

Code of conduct for Authors

Scientific Reliability. The authors should describe their research in a reliable way and interpret the results in an objective manner. Collected data and the study should be described in a way that permits others to replicate the work. Unreliable and unethical presentation and interpretation of data and results are unacceptable.

Originality. Authors may submit only original manuscripts of their authorship. In case when they have used the work and/or statements of others, these elements should be cited. The Editorial Board checks all manuscripts for plagiarism in plagiarism checker software.

Data access. Authors could be asked to provide the raw data of their study, so they should be prepared to ensure public access to data. The authors should also archive data for a reasonable number of years after publication.

Redundant publication. Authors should not publish articles describing essentially the same research in more than one journal of primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript to more than one journal concurrently constitutes unethical behavior and is unacceptable.

Acknowledgment of sources. Authors should ensure that they have properly acknowledged the work of others, and should also cite publications that have been influential in determining the nature of the reported study. Information obtained privately, from conversation or correspondence with third parties, must not be used or reported without explicit, written permission from the source.

Authorship of the manuscript. Authorship should be limited to those who have made a significant contribution to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the reported study. All those who have made substantial contributions should be listed as co-authors. The corresponding author should also verify that all co-authors have approved the final version of the paper and have agreed to its submission for publication.

Conflict of interest. Authors should include a statement disclosing any financial or other substantive conflicts of interest that may be construed to influence the results or interpretation of their manuscript. All sources of financial support for the project should be disclosed.

Notification for fundamental errors. When authors discover a significant error or inaccuracy in their own published work, they are obliged to promptly notify the Editorial Board and cooperate with them to either correct the paper in the form of an erratum or to retract the paper.


Peer-review Procedure

Peer Review Process and Criteria

‘Yearbook of the History of Polish Press’ welcomes only fully original articles (not previously printed anywhere) which present the latest research results and which are not a compilation of already existing studies.

The first stage of the reviewing procedure is the opinion of the Editor-in-Chief (or a member of the Editorial Board indicated by him/her), who takes a preliminary decision on admitting the article to further reviewing or rejecting it, of which they inform the author immediately. In some cases, their decision is consulted with a member of the Editorial Board who specialises in the issue in question. The reasons for rejection at this stage may include, but are not limited to, incompatibility of the manuscript's subject matter with the journal's profile, failure to meet standards for article structure, low substantive level, gross linguistic deficiencies, non-compliance with the principles of publication ethics or other legitimate reasons.

The submission then proceeds to the external review stage. Each article undergoes anonymisation, i.e. the concealment of data that could identify the author, before it is sent to the Reviewers. At least two independent reviewers from outside the author's unit are appointed to evaluate each publication. The editors ensure that there is no conflict of interest (especially business or personal relationships) between authors and reviewers in the review process. Reviews are processed in a 'double-blind review process' in which reviewers and authors do not know each other's identities.

Reviews are written and descriptive. In his/her assessment the reviewer takes into account the originality and substantive value of the article, its form (composition, language), the quality of the sources, scientific reliability. Reviewers may also indicate the qualification of the article to a given category of scientific texts. All remarks, corrections and suggestions for possible changes are placed by the reviewer in the review form, so that the author can get acquainted with them and take them into account in the final editing of the text. The review concludes with a conclusion and an unequivocal request that the article should or should not be accepted for publication. Two positive reviews are required for an article to be accepted for publication. In t case of a significant divergence of reviews, the editorial board may decide to appoint a third reviewer.

Upon completion of the external review stage, the author is notified accordingly by the editorial board. In addition to the reviewers' conclusions, the author may receive additional comments and suggestions for changes from the Editor-in-Chief (or a member of the Editorial Board designated by the Editor-in-Chief) or the language editor.

The review process is confidential. A collective list of reviewers working with the journal is published once a year under Editorial Board / List of Reviewers. The ethical aspects of the responsibilities of reviewers and authors are outlined below in the Ethical Principles section. The editors also accept non-peer-reviewed material (reports, commentaries, letters, etc.) for publication.

Obligations of reviewers The reviewer's opinion is a key element of the editorial process, as it is on the basis of this opinion that the editorial board makes the substantive decision on whether or not accept the article for publication. In order for this process to proceed properly, we ask reviewers to evaluate manuscripts objectively and we oblige them to maintain confidentiality, to report conflicts of interest and to pass on information on suspected plagiarism. For details, please see the chapter 'Reviewer policies' in the section on Publication Ethics (below). Forms for reviewers
  • Review form (used for traditional review circulation);
  • A declaration of no conflict of interest (from 2023 onwards the statement is part of the review form);
  • System form (available to registered reviewers)..
List of reviewers

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