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The death of cult Polish Radio 3 in 2020–2021: A fan perspective

Jolanta Chwastyk-Kowalczyk
Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej | 2022 | t. 25 | No 1 | 57-71 | DOI: 10.24425/rhpp.2022.140485
Keywords Poland's cultural policy the rule of PiS (2015–) Polish Radio Three culture and entertainment radioprogramming journalists under pressure
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Abstract

This article deals with the final stage of the destruction of the cult Third Programme of the Polish Radio — popular primarily with the intelligentsia — in 2020– 2021. It was the last in a series of layoffs ordered by the PR management, appointed by Poland's ruling party. The dismissal of journalists whose professional skills and independence had built up the popularity of the station must be seen not only as arrogant disregard for the listeners' expectations but also a sign of decline of cultural standards in the mass media.
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Bibliography

Opracowania:

Chwastyk-Kowalczyk J., To nie jest Trójka, którą kochaliśmy… Subiektywne spojrzenie, [w:] Piętno władzy. Studia nad cenzura i zakresem wolności słowa, pod red. W. Ciszewskiej, Toruń 2019, s. 197–217.
Dobek-Ostrowska B., Polish Media System in a Comparative Perspective. Media in Politicd, Politics in Media, Berlin – Bern – Bruxelles – New York – Oxford – Warszawa – Wien 2019.
Nygren G., Dobek-Ostrowska B., Journalism in Change. Journalistic Culture in Poland, Russia and Sweden, Berlin – Bern – Bruxelles – New York – Oxford – Warszawa – Wien 2015.

Artykuły prasowe:

Dłużewska E., Wytwórnia Mystic Production zawiesiła współpracę ze stacją, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 18 V 2020, s. 2–3.
Dziennikarz Trójki komentuje swoje odejście. „Nikt nie namówi mnie, żeby im zaufać”, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 23 III 2020, s. 2–3.
Jestem wściekły! Zbigniew Preisner o sytuacji w Trójce, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 19 V 2020, s. 12.
Kamiński Ł., Piotr Kaczkowski po 57 latach odszedł z Trójki, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 21 V 2020, s. 2.
Kublik A., Chaotyczne zarzynanie radiowej Trójki, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 7 IX 2020, s. 4–5.
Kublik A., Coraz mniej Trójki w „Trujce”, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 25 V 2020, s. 12.
Kublik A., Do kogo należy Wojciech Mann?, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 3 XII 2020, s. 8.
Kublik A., Ernest Zozuń żegna się z Trójką, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 7 XII 2020, s. 6.
Kublik A., Już nie „Zapraszamy do Trójki”, „Gazeta Wyborcza” 21 VIII 2020, s. 7.
Kublik A., Kto po Wojciechu Mannie, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 13 III 2020, s. 13.
Kublik A., Kuba Strzyczkowski nowym szefem Trójki, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 26 V, 2020, s. 7.
Kublik A., Nowe Radio 357, „Gazeta Wyborcza” 6 X 2020, s. 6.
Kublik A., Nowy Świat po Trójce, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 21 V 2020, s. 3.
Kublik A., Prezes Polskiego Radia o kryzys w Trójce obwinia Trójkę, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 1 IX 2020, s. 8.
Kublik A., Radio Nowy Świat, czyli wejście smoka, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 29 VII 2020, s. 6.
Kublik A., Radio Nowy Świat obudzi was głosem Manna, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 10 VII 2020, s. 13.
Kublik A., Radiowa Trójka się rozstroiła, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 13 X 2020, s. 8.
Kublik A., Trójka=3,3 proc., „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 15 X 2020, s. 7.
Kublik A., Trójka bez Niedźwieckiego, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 18 V 2020, s. 2–3.
Kublik A., Trójka ginie za Kazika, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 20 V 2020, s. 3.
Kublik A. Trójka jak zakładowy radiowęzeł w PRL, „Gazeta Wyborcza” , 4 IX 2020, s. 6.
Kublik A., Trójka już nie zaprasza, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 2 X 2020, s. 10.
Kublik A., Trójka, słuchalność pikuje, ramówki brak, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 11 IX 2020, s. 10.
Kublik A., Trójka tonie bez artystów i reklam, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 9 IX 2020, s. 6–7.
Kublik A., Trojka w chaosie, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 28 VIII 2020, s. 8.
Kublik A., Znów iskrzy w Trójce, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 16 VII 2020, s. 10.
Łukaszewski J., Trójka: słuchalność spada, kryzysu nie ma, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 5–6 IX 2020, s. 6–7.
Mam w kieszeni dynamit, „Duży Format” — dodatek „Gazety Wyborczej”, 29 VI 2020, s. 10–11.
Nie zapraszam do Trójki, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 24 VIII 2020, s. 6.
Nogaś M., Coście uczynili (nawet) z Listą Przebojów Trójki?, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 18 V 2020, s. 3.
Olszański: Trójka już nie istnieje, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 27 VIII 2020, s. 10.
Powrotów nie będzie. Z Markiem Niedźwieckim rozmawia Grzegorz Szymanik, „Duży Format” — dodatek „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 31 VIII 2020, s. 6–7.
Radkowski M., Słuchacze płaczą do słuchawek, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 26 V 2020, s. 18–19.
Sukces Radia Nowy Świat. Pół miliona słuchaczy, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 29 VII 2020, s. 1.
Środa M., Hodowla nihilistów, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 6 VI 2018, s. 18.
Tęskniliśmy za Trójką więc będzie Radio 357, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 8 X 2020, s. 7.
To już nie była Trójka. Z Wojciechem Mannem rozmawia Agnieszka Kublik, „Magazyn Świąteczny. Gazeta Wyborcza”, 14–15 III 2020, s. 18–19.
Trójka poniżej trójki, „Gazeta Wyborcza”, 12 XI 2020, s. 2.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jolanta Chwastyk-Kowalczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Katedra Dziennikarstwa i Komunikacji Społecznej, Uniwersytet Jana Kochanowskiego ul. Uniwersytecka 17, PL 25-406 Kielce

Unified design method of time delayed PI controller for first order plus dead-time process models with different dead-time to time constant ratio

Arun R. Pathiran R. Muniraj M. Willjuice Iruthayarajan S.R. Boselin Prabhu T. Jarin
Archives of Control Sciences | 2021 | vol. 31 | No 2 | 447-476 | DOI: 10.24425/acs.2021.137427
Keywords PI controller time delayed PI controller dead-time compensation
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Abstract

The time delay element present in the PI controller brings dead-time compensation capability and shows improved performance for dead-time processes. However, design of robust time delayed PI controller needs much responsiveness for uncertainty in dead-time processes. Hence in this paper, robustness of time delayed PI controller has been analyzed for First Order plus Dead-Time (FOPDT) process model. The process having dead-time greater than three times of time constant is very sensitive to dead-time variation. A first order filter is introduced to ensure robustness. Furthermore, integral time constant of time delayed PI controller is modified to attain better regulatory performance for the lag-dominant processes. The FOPDT process models are classified into dead-time/lag dominated on the basis of dead-time to time constant ratio. A unified tuning method is developed for processes with a number of dead-time to time constant ratio. Several simulation examples and experimental evaluation are exhibited to show the efficiency of the proposed unified tuning technique. The applicability to the process models other than FOPDT such as high-order, integrating, right half plane zero systems are also demonstrated via simulation examples.
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Bibliography

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[2] A. O’Dwyer: Handbook of PI and PID Controller Tuning Rules. Imperial College Press, London. 2006.
[3] A.R. Pathiran and J. Prakash: Design and implementation of a modelbased PI-like control scheme in a reset configuration for stable single-loop systems. The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 92(9), (2014), 1651–1660, DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22014.
[4] B.D. Tyreus and W.L. Luyben: Tuning PI controllers for integrator/dead time processes. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 31(11), (1992), 2625–2628, DOI: 10.1021/ie00011a029.
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[6] D.E. Rivera, M. Morari, and S. Skogestad: Internal model control: PID controller design. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Process Design and Development, 25(1), (1986), 252–265, DOI: 10.1021/i200032a041.
[7] F. Gao, M. Wu, J. She, and Y. He: Delay-dependent guaranteedcost control based on combination of Smith predictor and equivalentinput- disturbance approach. ISA Transactions, 62, (2016), 215–221, DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2016.02.008.
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[9] F.G. Shinskey: Process Control Systems – Application, Design, and Tuning. McGraw-Hill, New York. 1998.
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[15] J.E. Normey-Rico, R.C.C. Flesch, T.L.M. Santos and E.F. Camacho: Comments on A novel dead time compensator for stable processes with long dead times. Journal of Process Control, 22(7), (2012), 1404–1407, DOI: 10.1016/j.jprocont.2012.05.009.
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[19] R. Arun, R. Muniraj, and M.S. Willjuice Iruthayarajan: A new controller design method for single loop internal model control systems. Studies in Informatics and Control, 29(2), (2020), 219–229, DOI: 10.24846/v29i2y202007.
[20] R. Gudin and L. Mirkin: On the delay margin of dead-time compensators. International Journal of Control, 80(8), (2007), 1316–1332, DOI: 10.1080/00207170701316616.
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[23] X. Sun, J. Xu, and J. Fu: The effect and design of time delay in feedback control for a nonlinear isolation system, Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 87, (2017), 206–217, DOI: 10.1016/j.ymssp.2016.10.022.
[24] Y. Wang, F. Yan, S. Jiang, and B. Chen: Time delay control of cabledriven manipulators with adaptive fractional-order nonsingular terminal sliding mode. Advances in Engineering Software, 121, (2018), 13–25, DOI: 10.1016/j.advengsoft.2018.03.004.
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Authors and Affiliations

Arun R. Pathiran
1
R. Muniraj
2
ORCID: ORCID
M. Willjuice Iruthayarajan
3
ORCID: ORCID
S.R. Boselin Prabhu
4
T. Jarin
5
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Department of Electrical and Electronics Technology, Ethiopian Technical University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
  2. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, P.S.R. Engineering College, Sivakasi, Virudhunagar District, Tamilnadu, India
  3. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, National Engineering College, Kovilpatti, India
  4. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Surya Engineering College, Mettukadai, India
  5. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Jyothi Engineering College, Thrissur, India

Economical methods for measuring road surface roughness

Dariusz Grabowski Maciej Szczodrak Andrzej Czyżewski
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2018 | vol. 25 | No 3 | 533-549 | DOI: 10.24425/123905
Keywords image processing neural networks pothole detection Kinect Raspberry Pi
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Abstract

Two low-cost methods of estimating the road surface condition are presented in the paper, the first one

based on the use of accelerometers and the other on the analysis of images acquired from cameras installed

in a vehicle. In the first method, miniature positioning and accelerometer sensors are used for evaluation of

the road surface roughness. The device designed for installation in vehicles is composed of a GPS receiver

and a multi-axis accelerometer. The measurement data were collected from recorded ride sessions taken

place on diversified road surface roughness conditions and at varied vehicle speeds on each of examined

road sections. The data were gathered for various vehicle body types and afterwards successful attempts

were made in constructing the road surface classification employing the created algorithm. In turn, in the

video method, a set of algorithms processing images from a depth camera and RGB cameras were created.

A representative sample of the material to be analysed was obtained and a neural network model for classification

of road defects was trained. The research has shown high effectiveness of applying the digital image

processing to rejection of images of undamaged surface, exceeding 80%. Average effectiveness of identification

of road defects amounted to 70%. The paper presents the methods of collecting and processing the

data related to surface damage as well as the results of analyses and conclusions.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dariusz Grabowski
Maciej Szczodrak
Andrzej Czyżewski

Identifying the optimal controller strategy for DC motors

M.R. Qader
Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2019 | vol. 68 | No 1 | 101-114 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2019.125983
Keywords DC Motor LQR PID PI controller strategy
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Abstract

The aim of this study is to design a control strategy for the angular rate (speed) of a DC motor by varying the terminal voltage. This paper describes various designs for the control of direct current (DC) motors. We derive a transfer function for the system and connect it to a controller as feedback, taking the applied voltage as the system input and the angular velocity as the output. Different strategies combining proportional, integral, and derivative controllers along with phase lag compensators and lead integral compensators are investigated alongside the linear quadratic regulator. For each controller transfer function, the step response, root locus, and Bode plot are analysed to ascertain the behaviour of the system, and the results are compared to identify the optimal strategy. It is found that the linear quadratic controller provides the best overall performance in terms of steady-state error, response time, and system stability. The purpose of the study that took place was to design the most appropriate controller for the steadiness of DC motors. Throughout this study, analytical means like tuning methods, loop control, and stability criteria were adopted. The reason for this was to suffice the preconditions and obligations. Furthermore, for the sake of verifying the legitimacy of the controller results, modelling by MATLAB and Simulink was practiced on every controller.

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Authors and Affiliations

M.R. Qader

A comparative study based on proportional integral and backstepping controllers for doubly fed induction generator used in wind energy conversion system

Youssef Moumani Abdeslam Jabal Laafou Abdessalam Ait Madi
Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2023 | vol. 72 | No 1 | 211-228 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2023.143698
Keywords backstepping control control DFIG GSC MPPT PI RSC wind turbine
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Abstract

This paper presents a comparative study between the conventional PI (Proportional Integral) and backstepping controllers applied to the DFIG (Doubly Fed Induction Generator) used in WECS (Wind Energy Conversion System). These two different control strategies proposed in this work are developed to control the active and reactive power of the DFIG on the one hand, and to maintain the DC-link voltage constant for the inverting function on the other hand. This is ensured by generating control signals for two power electronic converters, RSC (Rotor Side Converter) and GSC (Grid Side Converter). In order to optimise the power production in the WT (Wind Turbine), an MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) algorithm is applied along with each control technique. To simulate the effectiveness of the proposed controllers, MATLAB/Simulink Software is used, and the obtained results are analysed and discussed to compare PI and backstepping controllers in terms of robustness against wind speed variations and tracking performance in dynamic and steady states.
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Authors and Affiliations

Youssef Moumani
1
ORCID: ORCID
Abdeslam Jabal Laafou
1
ORCID: ORCID
Abdessalam Ait Madi
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Advanced Systems Engineering Laboratory, National School of Applied Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco

Crowd Size Estimation and Detecting Social Distancing using Raspberry Pi and OpenCV

Davidson Kamala Dhas Milton Arun Raj Velraj
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 1 | 19-24 | DOI: 10.24425/ijet.2023.144326
Keywords Haar features human detection distance checking raspberry pi opencv
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Abstract

In this covid19 pandemic the number of people gathering at public places and festivals are restricted and maintaining social distancing is practiced throughout the world. Managing the crowd is always a challenging task. It requires monitoring technology. In this paper, we develop a device that detects and provide human count and detects people who are not maintaining social distancing . The work depicted above was finished using a Raspberry Pi 3 board with OpenCV-Python. This method can effectively manage crowds.
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Authors and Affiliations

Davidson Kamala Dhas Milton
1
Arun Raj Velraj
1
  1. Mepco Schlenk Engineering College (Autonomous), Sivakasi, Tamil Nadu, India

Biofeedback Therapy Application with EEG Signal Visualization and the Optimization of Success Factor Algorithm

Paweł Kielan Marek Kciuk Jakub Piecyk
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications | 2020 | vol. 66 | No 4 | 607-612 | DOI: 10.24425/ijet.2020.134018
Keywords Biofeedback therapy EEG success factor Raspbery PI brain waves
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Abstract

In this paper the biofeedback therapy application is presented. The application is implemented in desired biofeedback system based on RaspberyPI. The EEG signal is taken using popular headset with forehead probe and ear reference one. A patient is trying to focus on desired task and should keep attention level above threshold, the threshold is given and monitor by therapist. The success factor during one therapy session should be more than about 80%, so therapist have to control the threshold. The application consists algorithm for automatic threshold correction based on interview with experienced therapist.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Kielan
Marek Kciuk
Jakub Piecyk

Design of PI sliding mode control for Zeta DC-DC converter in PV system

Rini Nur Hasanah Lunde Ardhenta Tri Nurwati Onny Setyawati Dian Retno Sawitri Hadi Suyono Taufik Taufik
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2022 | 70 | 3 | e140952 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2022.140952
Keywords photovoltaic Zeta converter sliding mode control PI sliding surface
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Abstract

Solar energy has become one of the most potential alternative energies in the world. To convert solar energy into electricity, a photovoltaic (PV) system can be utilized. However, the fluctuation of sunlight intensity throughout the day greatly affects the generated energy in the PV system. A battery may be beneficial to store the generated energy for later use. A DC–DC converter is commonly exploited to produce a constant output voltage during the battery charging process. A Zeta converter is a DC–DC converter which can be used to produce output values above or below the input voltage without changing the polarity. To deal with the inherent non-linearity and time-varying properties of the converter, in this paper the sliding mode control (SMC) is first analyzed and exploited before being integrated with a proportional-integral (PI) control to regulate the output voltage of the PV system. Disturbances are given in the form of changes in input voltage, reference voltage, and load. Voltage deviation and recovery time to reach a steady-state condition of the output voltage after disturbances are investigated and compared to the results using a proportional-integral-differential (PID) controller. The results show that the proposed control design performs faster than the compared PID control method.
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Authors and Affiliations

Rini Nur Hasanah
1
ORCID: ORCID
Lunde Ardhenta
1
ORCID: ORCID
Tri Nurwati
1
ORCID: ORCID
Onny Setyawati
1
Dian Retno Sawitri
2
Hadi Suyono
1
ORCID: ORCID
Taufik Taufik
3
  1. Electrical Engineering Department, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
  2. Electrical Engineering Department, Universitas Dian Nuswantoro, Indonesia
  3. Electrical Engineering Department, Cal Poly State University, USA

Design of protective and stabilizing controllers: a study with considering natural events

Ehsan Ganji Mehdi Mahdavian Hosein Shirzadi
Archives of Electrical Engineering | 2018 | vol. 67 | No 4 | 869–884 | DOI: 10.24425/aee.2018.124746
Keywords wind turbine error detection system output stability of the turbine crow barcircuit tuning PI controllers power quality
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Abstract

In renewable systems, there may be conditions that can be either network error or power transmission line and environmental conditions such as when the wind speed is unbalanced and the wind turbine is connected to the grid. In this case, the control system is not damaged and will remain stable in the power transmission system. Voltage stability studies on an independent wind turbine at fault time and after fixing the error is one of the topics that can strengthen the future of independent collections. At the time of the fault, the network current increases dramatically, resulting in a higher voltage drop. Hence the talk of fast voltage recovery during error and after fixing the error and protection of rotor and grid side converters against the fault current and also protection against rising DC voltage (which sharply increases during error) is highly regarded. So, several improvements have been made to the construction of a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) turbine such as:

a) error detection system,

b) DC link protection,

c) crow bar circuit,

d) block of the rotor and stator side converters,

e) injecting reactive power during error,

f) nonlinear control design for turbine blades,

g) tuning and harmonization of controllers used to keep up the power quality and to stabilize the system output voltage in the power grid.

First, the dynamic models of a wind turbine, gearbox, and DFIG are presented. Then the controllers are modeled. The results of the simulation have been validated in MATLAB/Simulink.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ehsan Ganji
Mehdi Mahdavian
Hosein Shirzadi

Design of robust multi-loop PI controller for improved disturbance rejection with constraint on minimum singular value

R. Arun R. Muniraj S.R. Boselin Prabhu T. Jarin M. Willjuice Iruthayarajan
Archives of Control Sciences | 2023 | vol. 33 | No 4 | 839-859 | DOI: 10.24425/acs.2023.148884
Keywords multi-loop PI controller multivariable system decentralized control disturbance rejection robust stability
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Abstract

Disturbance rejection performance optimization with constraints on robustness for a multivariable process is commonly encountered in industrial control applications. This paper presents the tuning of a multi-loop Proportional Integral (PI) controller method to enhance the performance of load disturbance rejection using evolutionary optimization. The proposed design methodology is formulated to minimize the load disturbance rejection response and the input control energy under the constraints of robust stability. The minimum singular value of multiplicative uncertainty is considered a multi-loop system robust stability indicator. Optimization is performed to achieve the same, or higher level than the most-explored Direct Synthesis (DS) based multi-loop PI controller, which is derived from a conventional criterion. Simulation analysis clearly proved that the proposed multi-loop PI controller tuning method gives better disturbance rejection, and either, the same or a higher level of robust stability when compared to the DS-based multi-loop PI controller.
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Authors and Affiliations

R. Arun
1
ORCID: ORCID
R. Muniraj
2
ORCID: ORCID
S.R. Boselin Prabhu
3
ORCID: ORCID
T. Jarin
4
ORCID: ORCID
M. Willjuice Iruthayarajan
5
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SriSivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, India
  2. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, P.S.R Engineering College, Sivakasi, India
  3. Department ofElectronics and Communication Engineering, Surya Engineering College, India
  4. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Jyothi Engineering College, Thrissur, India
  5. Department of Electrical andElectronics Engineering, National Engineering College, Kovilpatti, India

Analysis of multiple-area renewable integrated hydro-thermal system considering artificial rabbit optimized PI (FOPD) cascade controller and redox flow battery

Arindita Saha Tirumalasetty Chiranjeevi Ramesh Devarapalli Naladi Ram Babu Puja Dash Fausto Pedro Garcìa Màrquez
Archives of Control Sciences | 2023 | vol. 33 | No 4 | 861-884 | DOI: 10.24425/acs.2023.148885
Keywords solar thermal automatic generation control geothermal artificial rabbit optimization redox flow battery PI(FOPD) controller
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Abstract

The current task explores automatic generation control knowledge under old-style circumstances for a triple-arena scheme. Sources in area-1 are thermal-solar thermal (ST); thermalgeothermal power plant (GPP) in area-2 and thermal-hydro in area-3. An original endeavour has been set out to execute a new performance index named hybrid peak area integral squared error (HPA-ISE) and two-stage controller with amalgamation of proportional-integral and fractional order proportional-derivative, hence named as PI(FOPD). The performance of PI(FOPD) has been compared with varied controllers like proportional-integral (PI), proportional-integralderivative (PID). Various investigation express excellency of PI(FOPD) controller over other controller from outlook regarding lessened level of peak anomalies and time duration for settling. Thus, PI(FOPD) controller’s excellent performance is stated when comparison is undergone for a three-area basic thermal system. The above said controller’s gains and related parameters are developed by the aid of Artificial Rabbit Optimization (ARO). Also, studies with HPA-ISE enhances system dynamics over ISE. Moreover, a study on various area capacity ratios (ACR) suggests that high ACR shows better dynamics. The basic thermal system is united with renewable sources ST in area-1 also GPP in area-2. Also, hydro unit is installed in area-3. The performance of this new combination of system is compared with the basic thermal system using PI(FOPD) controller. It is detected that dynamic presentation of new system is improved. Action in existence of redox flow battery is also examined which provides with noteworthy outcome. PI(FOPD) parameters values at nominal condition are appropriate for higher value of disturbance without need for optimization.
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Authors and Affiliations

Arindita Saha
1
Tirumalasetty Chiranjeevi
2
Ramesh Devarapalli
3
ORCID: ORCID
Naladi Ram Babu
4
Puja Dash
5
Fausto Pedro Garcìa Màrquez
6
  1. Department of Electrical Engineering, RegentEducation & Research Foundation Group of Institutions, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
  2. Department of ElectricalEngineering, Rajkiya Engineering College Sonbhadra, U.P., India
  3. Institute of Chemical Technology, IndianOil Odisha Campus, Bhubaneswar, India
  4. Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering,Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, Andhra Pradesh, India
  5. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering,Gayatri Vidya Parishad College of Engineering (Autonomous), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh,India
  6. Ingenium ResearchGroup, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Spain

A Novel Intelligent Neural Network Techniques of UPQC with Integrated Solar PV System for Power Quality Enhancement

Ramesh Rudraram Sasi Chinnathambi Manikandan Mani
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 3 | 605-613 | DOI: 10.24425/ijet.2023.146514
Keywords PV system Re-lift Luo DC-DC converter Cascaded ANN MPPT Adaptive PI controller CNN assisted dq theory
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Abstract

A Novel Intelligent control of a Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) coupled with Photovoltaic (PV) system is proposed in this work. The utilization of a Re-lift Luo converter in conjunction with a Cascaded Artificial Neural Network (ANN) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) method facilitates the optimization of power extraction from PV sources. UPQC is made up of a series and shunt Active Power Filter (APF), where the former compensates source side voltage quality issues and the latter compensates the load side current quality issues. The PV along with a series and shunt APFs of the UPQC are linked to a common dc-bus and for regulating a dc-bus voltage a fuzzy tuned Adaptive PI controller is employed. Moreover, a harmonics free reference current is generated with the aid of CNN assisted dq theory in case of the shunt APF. The results obtained from MATLAB simulation.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ramesh Rudraram
1
Sasi Chinnathambi
1
Manikandan Mani
2
  1. Electrical Engineering Department, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, India
  2. Electrical and Electronics Engineering Department, Jyothishmathi Institute of Technology and Science, Karimnagr, Telangana, India

Telomerase enhances osteogenic ifferentiation of sheep bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) by up-regulating PI3K/Akt pathway in vitro

X. Zhu L. Zhou Z. Liu X. Chen L. Wei Z. Zhang Y. Liu Y. Zhu Y. Wang X. Yang Y. Han
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2020 | vol. 23 | No 3 | 359-372 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2020.133653
Keywords bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells telomerase proliferation osteogenic differentiation PI3K/Akt signalling pathway
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Abstract

Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) vectors were transfected into bone marrow mesen- chymal stem cells (BMSCs) which were then cultured and selected to establish TERT-BMSC cell lines whilst sequencing BMSCs and TERT-BMSCs via transcriptome in this study to explore their regulatory mechanism and effect on osteogenic differentiation after TERT ectopic expres- sion in sheep BMSCs. After sequencing and analysing differential genes, PI3K/Akt signalling pathway related to osteogenic differentiation was investigated. Western blot was used before and after applying the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway inhibitor LY294002 to detect protein expression levels of AKT and p-AKT. On the twenty-first day of osteogenic differentiation, RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expression levels of RUNX2 and OPN and alizarin red staining was utilised to analyse calcium salt deposition. Results showed that pro- tein expression levels of AKT and p-AKT were significantly up-regulated, mRNA and protein expression levels of RUNX2 and OPN increased and calcium salt deposition increased after ectopic expression of TERT. After applying LY294002, the protein expression of AKT and p-AKT was down-regulated, mRNA and protein expression levels of RUNX2 and OPN were reduced and calcium salt deposition was reduced. These results confirmed the stable integration and expression of the exogenous TERT gene in BMSCs to promote the differentiation of BMSC osteoblasts, which may be mediated by the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway.

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Authors and Affiliations

X. Zhu
L. Zhou
Z. Liu
X. Chen
L. Wei
Z. Zhang
Y. Liu
Y. Zhu
Y. Wang
ORCID: ORCID
X. Yang
Y. Han

ABHD2 deficiency aggravates ovalbumin-induced airway remodeling through the PI3K/Akt pathway in an animal model of chronic asthma

L. Qiang X. Li Q. Li H. Bo Y. Liu M. Lv X. Chen H. Ju X. Sang Z. Li S. Jin
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2023 | vol. 26 | No 4 | 635-646 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.148283
Keywords Abhd2 airway remodeling, inflammation PI3K/Akt signalling pathway
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Abstract

Airway remodeling is a major pathological characteristic of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to investigate the effect of Abhd2 deficiency on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced airway remodeling and inflammation in vivo. Abhd2-deficient mice were used to establish an OVA-induced asthma model. Lung tissues were analyzed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, Masson staining, immunohistochemistry, quantitative reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and western blotting were used to determine the role of Abhd2 in the regulation of OVA-induced airway remodeling and inflammation. Our findings revealed that the RNA expression of inflammatory factors, including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-13, was significantly increased in OVA-induced Abhd2 Gt/Gt asthmatic mice. The expression of IFN-γ was decreased significantly in OVA-induced Abhd2 Gt/Gt asthmatic mice. The protein expression of airway remodeling factors, including α-SMA, type I collagen, and Ki67, was also increased in OVA-induced Abhd2 Gt/Gt asthmatic mice compared to that in OVA-induced wild-type (WT) mice. Additionally, Abhd2 deficiency promoted the expression of p-Akt in tissues of the asthma model. These results suggest that Abhd2 deficiency exacerbates airway remodeling and inflammation through the PI3K/Akt pathway in chronic asthma.
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Authors and Affiliations

L. Qiang
1
X. Li
1
Q. Li
2
H. Bo
3
Y. Liu
1
M. Lv
1
X. Chen
1
H. Ju
1
X. Sang
1
Z. Li
4
S. Jin
1
  1. Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 37# Yiyuan Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
  2. Department of pulmonary diseases, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 33# Xidazhi Street, Harbin 150036, Heilongjiang, China
  3. Department of Intensive Care Unit, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, 37# Yiyuan Street, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
  4. University of Tokyo, 3-8-1# Bunkyo ku, Tokyo 1130033, Tokyo, Japan

Practical Remarks on Power Consumption in WLAN Access Points

Michał Kowal Kamil Staniec
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications | 2020 | vol. 66 | No 1 | 173-178 | DOI: 10.24425/ijet.2020.131860
Keywords IEEE 802.11n beacon power consumption Raspberry Pi3 OpenWrt
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Abstract

The article presents the power consumptions measurements performed for three wireless routers operating in IEEE 802.11n standard. A typical consumer-class device Asus RTAC66U was chosen, an operator-class Gateworks Laguna GW2387 and a router built based on the Raspberry Pi3 platform. The aim of experiments was to test the influence of the beacon interframe interval, a client association (joining) in the network and the transmission itself, on the lifetime of battery-powered devices. Theoretical calculations were also performed for the influence of the analyzed scenarios on the battery-powered devices.

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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Kowal
Kamil Staniec

Mathematical and simulation modeling of dual active bridge

Roman Barlik Piotr Grzejszczak Mikołaj Koszel
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2022 | 70 | 5 | e142653 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2022.142653
Keywords dual active bridge small-signal analysis averaged model transfer function parasitics PI controller
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Abstract

The paper is a structured, in-depth analysis of dual active bridge modeling. In the research new, profound dual active bridge converter (DAB) circuit model is presented. Contrary to already described idealized models, all critical elements including numerous parasitic components were described. The novelty is the consideration of a threshold voltage of diodes and transistors in the converter equations. Furthermore, a lossy model of leakage inductance in an AC circuit is also included. Based on the circuit equations, a small-signal dual active bridge converter model is described. That led to developing control of the input and output transfer function of the dual active bridge converter model. The comparison of the idealized model, circuit simulation (PLECS), and an experimental model was conducted methodically and confirmed the high compatibility of the introduced mathematical model with the experimental one. Proposed transfer functions can be used when designing control of systems containing multiple converters accelerating the design process, and accurately reproducing the existing systems, which was also reported in the paper.
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Authors and Affiliations

Roman Barlik
1
Piotr Grzejszczak
1
Mikołaj Koszel
1
  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

Fractional order PI λD µA controller design based on Bode’s ideal function

Khalfa Bettou Abdelfatah Charef
Archives of Control Sciences | 2023 | vol. 33 | No 2 | 425-458 | DOI: 10.24425/acs.2023.146428
Keywords Bode’s ideal transfer function fractional order control classical PIDA controller fractional order PI λD µA controller robustness
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Abstract

The fractional order proportional, integral, derivative and acceleration (PI λD µA) controller is an extension of the classical PIDA controller with real rather than integer integration action order λ and differentiation action order µ. Because the orders λ and µ are real numbers, they will provide more flexibility in the feedback control design for a large range of control systems. The Bode’s ideal transfer function is largely adopted function in fractional control systems because of its iso-damping property which is an essential robustness factor. In this paper an analytical design technique of a fractional order PI λD µA controller is presented to achieve a desired closed loop system whose transfer function is the Bode’s ideal function. In this design method, the values of the six parameters of the fractional order PI λD µA controllers are calculated using only the measured step response of the process to be controlled. Some simulation examples for different third order motor models are presented to illustrate the benefits, the effectiveness and the usefulness of the proposed fractional order PI λD µA controller tuning technique. The simulation results of the closed loop system obtained by the fractional order PI λD µA controller are compared to those obtained by the classical PIDA controller with different design methods found in the literature. The simulation results also show a significant improvement in the closed loop system performances and robustness using the proposed fractional order PI λD µA controller design.
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Authors and Affiliations

Khalfa Bettou
Abdelfatah Charef

Design of Network Traffic Congestion Controller with PI AQM Based on ITAE Index

Misbahul Fajri Kalamullah Ramli
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications | 2020 | vol. 66 | No 4 | 715-721 | DOI: 10.24425/ijet.2020.134032
Keywords network congestion control active queue management (AQM) Proportional integral (PI) controller Nelder-Mead simplex method Integral of time-weighted absolute error (ITAE)
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Abstract

Establishing the proper values of controller parameters is the most important thing to design in active queue management (AQM) for achieving excellent performance in handling network congestion. For example, the first well known AQM, the random early detection (RED) method, has a lack of proper parameter values to perform under most the network conditions. This paper applies a Nelder-Mead simplex method based on the integral of time-weighted absolute error (ITAE) for a proportional integral (PI) controller using active queue management (AQM). A TCP flow and PI AQM system were analyzed with a control theory approach. A numerical optimization algorithm based on the ITAE index was run with Matlab/Simulink tools to find the controller parameters with PI tuned by Hollot (PI) as initial parameter input. Compared with PI and PI tuned by Ustebay (PIU) via experimental simulation in Network Simulator Version 2 (NS2) in five scenario network conditions, our proposed method was more robust. It provided stable performance to handle congestion in a dynamic network.

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Authors and Affiliations

Misbahul Fajri
Kalamullah Ramli

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