O odpadach, paliwach i stanie powietrza mówi prof. dr hab. inż. Czesława Rosik-Dulewska z Instytutu Podstaw Inżynierii Środowiska PAN i Katedry Ochrony Powierzchni Ziemi Uniwersytetu Opolskiego.
The Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences (Bull.Pol. Ac.: Tech.) is published bimonthly by the Division IV Engineering Sciences of the Polish Academy of Sciences, since the beginning of the existence of the PAS in 1952. The journal is peer‐reviewed and is published both in printed and electronic form. It is established for the publication of original high quality papers from multidisciplinary Engineering sciences with the following topics preferred: Artificial and Computational Intelligence, Biomedical Engineering and Biotechnology, Civil Engineering, Control, Informatics and Robotics, Electronics, Telecommunication and Optoelectronics, Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering, Thermodynamics, Material Science and Nanotechnology, Power Systems and Power Electronics.
Journal Metrics: JCR Impact Factor 2018: 1.361, 5 Year Impact Factor: 1.323, SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) 2017: 0.319, Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) 2017: 1.005, CiteScore 2017: 1.27, The Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education 2017: 25 points.
Abbreviations/Acronym: Journal citation: Bull. Pol. Ac.: Tech., ISO: Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci.-Tech. Sci., JCR Abbrev: B POL ACAD SCI-TECH Acronym in the Editorial System: BPASTS.
Otym, jakie funkcje pełnią w środowisku mokradła i jak odbija się na nich działalność człowieka, opowiada prof. Tomasz Okruszko.
The concept of ecosystem services becomes more and more popular in regulation of the environmental protection. One of the premises of that concept is treatment of a human and human activity as an integral part of an ecosystem. Interrelations between human activity and ecosystem can be described through the concept of ecosystem services. A certain degree of commodification of natural environment which is immanently connected with the concept of ecosystem services can become useful as a tool of assessing the impact of human activities on ecosystem as well as regulating that impact. Marine protection law is a good example of attempts to introduce the interrelated concepts of ecosystem approach and ecosystem services into functioning of the regulatory schemes.
This article presents the history of mining for rock raw materials in the Cieszyn area since the beginning of the 20th century. The study assessed the possibility of continuing these activities in relation to the ongoing enlargement of conservation areas. The conflict between mining these deposits and environmental interests was described. The results of the analysis allowed for the identification of potential sites for further exploitation of Godula Sandstone and Cieszyn Limestone. The study used analog and digital data which were subjected to the procedures specific to the GIS (Geographic Information System) methods. The exploitation of Cieszyn Shale and Limestone played an important role in the first half of the 20th century. They were used for the production of lime and cement. However, the importance of these materials decreased gradually due to declining demand and quality. In later years, after the closure of the cement plant in Goleszów, limestone was used only for aggregate production. Natural aggregates and clay raw materials were initially exploited in small excavations based on local needs, and later in an organized manner with documented deposits. At present, mining of these materials has been discontinued. The centuries-old tradition of Godula Sandstone block production was maintained during the last hundred years. In the last decade, their extraction was conducted in the original quarry, as well as several new quarries. Additional resources have been documented at other locations. Because of the nature of the product, such extraction (in small quarries, without the use of blasting agents) does not significantly affect wildlife. Moreover, the locations of current and former mining operations often become tourist attractions. This is evidenced by the fact that the documentation sites are established on the basis of such excavations. Numerous objects of protection established in recent years have led to a major conflict between the exploitation of rock materials and the environment. This prevents development or even the continuation of exploitation. Therefore, in future planning processes, efforts must be made to characterize mineral deposits as a part of nature, requiring protection.
Prawo ochrony środowiska, czy też prawo środowiska, przechodziło i przechodzi ewolucję. Jest ona wyrazem wzrastającej samoświadomości społecznej związanej ze stanem środowiska i zagrożeniami dla niego. Wzrastająca świadomość obejmuje też płaszczyzny konfliktów, które się w związku z tym pojawiają: antropocentryzm czy biocentryzm, oddziaływanie i pozyskiwanie zasobów czy też zakaz? Konflikty te nie są obecnie rozwiązywalne, co oznacza, że prawo środowiska musi zmierzać nie w stronę konfrontacyjną, lecz w stronę kooperacyjną. Należy się pogodzić z istnieniem uświadomionych konfliktów, jednak trzeba zmierzać do ich łagodzenia i zapewnienia urzeczywistniania wszystkich wartości, a nie koncentrować się jedynie na rozwiązywaniu tych konfliktów w systemie 0:1. Kierunek rozwoju prawa środowiska, u podstaw którego leży zasada zrównoważonego rozwoju, godząca skonfliktowane wartości, jest najwłaściwszym sposobem prawnej ochrony środowiska i stanowić będzie o jej przyszłości