Current power grid and market development, characterized by large growth of distributed energy sources in recent years, especially in Europa, are according energy storage systems an increasingly larger field of implementation. Existing storage technologies, e.g. pumped-storage power plants, have to be upgraded and extended by new but not yet commercially viable technologies (e.g. batteries or adiabatic compressed air energy storage) that meet expected demands. Optimal sizing of storage systems and technically and economically optimal operating strategies are the major challenges to the integration of such systems in the future smart grid. This paper surveys firstly the literature on the latest niche applications. Then, potential new use case and operating scenarios for energy storage systems in smart grids, which have been field tested, are presented and discussed and subsequently assessed technically and economically.

In this article, first, we analyse the opposition of two linguistic models in dubbing in Spanish language – Latin American Spanish vs. Castilian Spanish – and consider the issue of Spanish lexical variation related to audiovisual translation. Next, we carry out a comparative analysis of the lexical characteristics of the two dubbing versions in Spanish language of the film Beauty and the Beast (1992). The analysis focuses on lexical density, marked and standard lexicon and the differential lexicon of both versions.