Several national rice centers in Indonesia have used acetolactate synthase herbicide inhibitors for years, especially in several regions of Lampung and West Java provinces. This practice has led to the failure of the application of bensulfuron-methyl herbicide to control Monochoria vaginalis (Burm. f.) C. Presl. The purposes of this study were to confirm that the failure of herbicide application in several areas of the provinces of Lampung and West Java was caused by weed resistance, and to determine the level of resistance. A resistance test of M. vaginalis was performed using the whole plant pot test method and split plot design with three replications. Monochoria vaginalis which indicated resistance was sampled from several regions, namely Sapto Mulyo, Ramadewa, Sarijaya, and Kalentambo. The susceptible samples of M. vaginalis as a control were taken from Cibodas and Sumberagung. The six levels of doses of herbicide bensulfuron-methyl used were: 0, 80, 160, 320, 640 and 1,280 g ha–1. The experimental results show that M. vaginalis from Sapto Mulyo, Ramadewa, Kalentambo and Sarijaya was confirmed to have developed into weeds resistant to bensulfuron-methyl herbicide. Monochoria vaginalis from Saptomulyo, Kalentambo and Sarijaya were included in the high resistance category with a resistance ratio of more than 12, while M. vaginalis from Ramadewa was included in the moderate resistance category with a resistance ratio of 9.39.

The magnesium alloy investment castings have greater potential for automobile and air-craft applications due to the higher strength to weight ratio of magnesium alloys and capability of the investment casting process to produce near net shape complex castings. The interfacial-mould metal reactions during investment casting of magnesium alloy inhibit successful production of quality castings. This paper presents the investigation done on the reactions at corners of AZ91 magnesium alloy cast part produced through investment casting. The stepped shape geometry of casting was selected to study the reactions at convex and concave corners of the cast part. The reacted surfaces were characterised using the SEM-EDX and XRD. The formation of oxides was observed on cast surface from characterisation. The temperature profile recorded at corners were helpful to understand the heat dissipation during the solidification of metal at corners. It was observed that the reactions occurred at the concave corner were more as compared to the convex corner of the cast part.

Paper presents the results of quality assessment of speech and music signals transmitted via DAB+ system with the use of Single Frequency Network (SFN). The musical signals were evaluated in overall quality domain. The subjective research was provided with the use of Absolute Category Rating procedure according to the ITU recommendation and the results have been presented as the MOS values for various bit rates. The speech signals were additionally examined with PESQ method. The results have shown that the assumed quality of 4 MOS, for this kind of broadcasting could be achieved at 48 kb/s for speech and 64 kb/s for music. This fact was confirmed by both: subjective and objective research. The comparison between the results obtained for SFN broadcasting with three emitters with singleemitter broadcast was presented.

Therapeutic and surgical applications of focused ultrasound require monitoring of local temperature rises induced inside tissues. From an economic and practical point of view ultrasonic imaging techniques seem to be the most suitable for the temperature control. This paper presents an implementation of the ultrasonic echoes displacement estimation technique for monitoring of local temperature rise in tissue during its heating by focused ultrasound The results of the estimation were compared to the temperature measured with thermocouple. The obtained results enable to evaluate the temperature fields induced in tissues by pulsed focused ultrasonic beams using non-invasive imaging ultrasound technique

In Vnutri mysliashchikh mirov, Łotman claims that there is a connection between cultural memory and the nature of culture itself. In this article I attempt to respond to this hypothesis in regards to the relationship between cultural memory and the idea of culture, while in the context of writings by Jurij Łotman and Boris Uspienski. Based on their work on this subject, I conclude that culture could not exist if there would be no cultural memory, nor changes within the duration and fabric of said memory. As such, an analysis of cultural memory while utilizing the methadology of the Moscow-Tartu school may also answer lingering questions about culture in general. It follows, therefore, that if investigating the connection between the formation of culture and the construction of cultural memory is a fruitful means of analyzing cultural history, then this may also be a legimitate method for our analysis of history in general.