Nauki Biologiczne i Rolnicze

Journal of Water and Land Development

Zawartość

Journal of Water and Land Development | 2022 | No 55

Abstrakt

Global agriculture is a pivotal activity performed by various communities worldwide to produce essential human food needs. Plant productivity is limited by several factors, such as salinity, water scarcity, and heat stress. Salinity significantly causes short or long-term impacts on the plant photosynthesis mechanisms by reducing the photosynthetic rate of CO 2 assimilation and limiting the stomatal conductance. Moreover, disturbing the plant water status imbalance causes plant growth inhibition. Up-regulation of several plant phytohormones occurs in response to increasing soil salt concentration. In addition, there are different physiological and biochemical mechanisms of salt tolerance, including ion transport, uptake, homeostasis, synthesis of antioxidant enzymes, and osmoprotectants. Besides that, microorganisms proved their ability to increase plant tolerance, Bacillus spp. represents the dominant bacteria of the rhizosphere zone, characterised as harmless microbes with extraordinary abilities to synthesise many chemical compounds to support plants in confronting salinity stress. In addition, applying arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) is a promising method to decrease salinity-induced plant damage as it could enhance the growth rate relative to water content. In addition, there is a demand to search for new salt-tolerant crops with more yield and adaptation to unfavourable environmental conditions. The negative impact of salinity on plant growth and productivity, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and changes in plant phytohormones biosynthesis, including abscisic acid and salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, cytokinins, gibberellins, and brassinosteroids was discussed in this review. The mechanisms evolved to adapt and/or survive the plants, including ion homeostasis, antioxidants, and osmoprotectants biosynthesis, and the microbial mitigate salt stress. In addition, there are modern approaches to apply innovative methods to modify plants to tolerate salinity, especially in the essential crops producing probable yield with a notable result for further optimisation and investigations.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Omar A. Hewedy
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Ghada Abd-Elmonsef Mahmoud
3
ORCID: ORCID
Naglaa F. Elshafey
4
Galal Khamis
5
Ali M. Karkour
6
Khalid S. Abdel Lateif
2
Basma H. Amin
7
Nour Chiab
8
Ahmed M. El-Taher
9
Nabil I. Elsheery
10
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Guelph, Department of Plant Agriculture, Guelph, Canada
  2. Menoufia University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Genetics, Shibin El-Kom, Egypt
  3. Assiut University, Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Assiut, Egypt
  4. Arish University, Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, El-Arish, Egypt
  5. Cairo University, Department of Laser Applications in Meteorology, Photochemistry, and Agriculture, National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences, Giza, Egypt
  6. Tanta University, Faculty of Science, Microbiology Department, Tanta, Egypt
  7. Al-Azhar University, The Regional Centre for Mycology and Biotechnology, Cairo, Egypt
  8. National Engineering School of Sfax (ENIS), Biology Engineering Department, Sfax, Tunisia
  9. Al-Azhar University, Agriculture Faculty, Department of Agriculture Botany, Cairo, Egypt
  10. Tanta University, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Botany Department, Al-Geish St, Tanta, 6632110, Egypt

Abstrakt

Biogas plants are one of the most stable sources of renewable energy. Currently, there is a noticeable increase in the amount of post-production residues from agricultural production and agri-food processing (fruit and vegetable processing, fermentation, beet pulp, or lignocellulosic waste), which, can be used for biogas production after appropriate pretreatment. The aim of this study was to examine the possibility of using the biomass produced during the cultivation of grapes on a selected farm as a substrate for a biogas plant, taking into account the production process. The research was carried out in 2018–2020 in a vineyard located in the Sandomierz Upland in the south-eastern part of Poland. Own rooted vines were grown as a single continuous string with a trunk height of 40 cm and a length of one fixed arm approx. 0.9 m, on which six pivots were left every year after applying a short cut, from which 12–16 fruit shoots were derived, the so-called grapevines. Leaves were collected at random from three locations on the fruiting shoot, a total of 30 leaves in each replicate. Each sample consisted of 1/3 of the leaves collected at the bottom, 1/3 in the middle, and 1/3 at the top of the canopy. Leaf area was estimated with a model 3100 area meter on a sample of 30 leaves from each replicate. Both the quantity and quality of the obtained material as a substrate for methane fermentation were evaluated. Biogas yield tests in optimal conditions for mesophilic bacteria were conducted on three substrate samples referred to as ‘Regent’, ‘Seyval Blanc’, and ‘Solaris’. The yields of the tested material ranged from 51.0 to 59.0 Nm 3 biogas per Mg of biomass.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Kamila E. Klimek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Edyta Wrzesińska-Jedrusiak
2
ORCID: ORCID
Magdalena Kapłan
3
ORCID: ORCID
Barbara Łaska-Zieja
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Life Science, Department of Applied Mathematics and Informatics, 28 Głęboka Street, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
  2. Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  3. University of Life Science, Institute of Horticulture Production, Lublin, Poland

Abstrakt

To improve plant resistance to pests, we analysed the impact of various agronomic practices on the number and species diversity of pests in the crops of spring wheat varieties of foreign and Kazakhstan breeding in North- Eastern Kazakhstan.
The intensive development of agriculture, resulting in the new technological flow processes of wheat growing, the sowing of foreign varieties not previously cultivated under local conditions, and climate change contribute to the formation of new food chains in agrocenoses. These new food chains require the monitoring of plant-feeding species with the help of ecological approaches and techniques.
Efficient protection of crops with plant feeders requires constant updating on the phytosanitary in agrocenoses. Information on phytosanitary monitoring previously carried out in the region is not available, so it became necessary to collect data and analyse the number and species composition of wheat pests, considering new foreign varieties and cultivation technology practices.
The research was carried out in 2021 in typical agricultural organisations of the North-Eastern regions of Kazakhstan with different preceding crops. The vegetation period was characterised by high atmospheric temperatures and a lack of moisture in the soil in spring and summer, contributing to decreasing of plant turgor and damage resistance.
Early sowing of the ‘Triso’ wheat variety was affected by high temperatures and lack of soil moisture in the initial stage of development, which delayed its growth and made it more susceptible to pest damage. The other varieties were sown in optimal dates recommended by regional scientific institutions.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Rimma M. Ualiyeva
1
ORCID: ORCID
Altinay N. Kukusheva
1
ORCID: ORCID
Madina K. Insebayeva
1
ORCID: ORCID
Kanat K. Akhmetov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sayan B. Zhangazin
1
ORCID: ORCID
Maryam S. Krykbayeva
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Non-profit Joint Stock Company “Toraighyrov University”, Lomov St, 64, 140008, Pavlodar, Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstrakt

The study aims at evaluating crop insurance effects on the farms’ production and investment indicators in Lithuania. The Common Agricultural Policy after 2020 considers measures helping farmers to adapt to climate change. For this reason, it is essential to evaluate existing risk management measures in order to propose appropriate schemes for the next programming period. In order to evaluate crop insurance effects on the farms’ production and investment indicators farm-level, data from Farm Accountancy Data Network dataset and propensity score matching approach was used. Study period was 2008–2017. The study revealed that participation in crop insurance schemes was influenced by the factors such as age of the farmer, wealth, specialization, and location of the farm. The study also demonstrated that crop insurance did not show statistically significant effects on the selected farms’ indicators. The main reason was support from the national and EU funds.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Virginia Namiotko
1
ORCID: ORCID
Aistė Galnaitytė
1
ORCID: ORCID
Irena Kriščiukaitienė
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ahmet Ali Koç
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Economics and Rural Development of the Lithuanian Centre for Social Sciences A. Vivulskio Str. 4A-13, LT-03220 Vilnius, Lithuania
  2. Akdeniz University, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Economics, Antalya, Turkey

Abstrakt

The aim of the study was to compare two grouping methods for regionalisation of watersheds, which are similar in respect of low flow and chosen catchments parameters (physiographic and meteorological). In the study, a residual pattern approach and cluster analysis, i.e. Ward’s method, were used. The analysis was conducted for specific low flow discharge q95 (dm3∙s–1∙km–2). In the analysis, 50 catchments, located in the area of the upper and central Vistula River basin, were taken. Daily flows used in the study were monitored from 1976 to 2016. Based on the residual pattern approach (RPA) method, the analysed catchments were classified into two groups, while using the cluster analysis method (Ward’s method) – into five. The predictive performance of the complete regional regression model checked by cross-validation R2cv was 47% and RMSEcv = 0.69 dm3∙s–1∙km–2. The cross validation procedure for the cluster analysis gives a predictive performance equal to 33% and RMSEcv = 0.81 dm3∙s–1∙km–2. Comparing both methods, based on the cross-validated coefficient of determination (R2cv), it was found that the residual pattern approach had a better fit between predicted and observed values. The analysis also showed, that in case of both methods, an overestimation of specific low flow discharge q95 was observed. For the cross-validation method and the RPA method, the PBIAS was –10%. A slightly higher value was obtained for the cross-validation method and models obtained using cluster analysis for which the PBIAS was –13.8%.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Agnieszka Cupak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Bogusław Michalec
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, al. Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Kraków, Poland

Abstrakt

According to many experts, the water crisis will be one of the most important challenges in the coming years on the planet. Watershed management is one of the most effective ways to conserve rainwater and develop water resources. The purpose of the study was to obtain a model of critical land management in the Welang watershed area. This study uses a dynamic systems approach based on a causal philosophy (cause and effect) through a deep understanding of how a system works. The parameters used are based on sustainable agriculture in terms of physical sustainability aspects/critical land from erosion factor indicators. Model validation is done by comparing the behaviour of the model with a natural system (quantitive behaviour pattern comparison), namely the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) Middle-Value Test. Modelling is supported by Powersim Studio Express Software ver. 10. The results show that the physical sustainability model/critical land using a simulation scenario of 25% erosion control funds shows a trend of increasing production land area and tackled land area followed by a decrease in annual erosion weight. The economic sustainability model obtained results at the end of the projected year showing farm revenues IDR 63,591,396 (USD1 ≈ IDR14.27 thous. in average in 2021). This means that the higher the acceptance value, the farming can provide economic welfare for farmers.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Maroeto Maroeto
1
ORCID: ORCID
Wahyu Santoso
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agrotechnology, Surabaya, Jawa Timur 60294, Indonesia
  2. Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Jawa Timur, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agribusiness, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia

Abstrakt

The content of structural carbohydrates and lignin are important assessment criteria of the feed value of meadow plants. It is affected by many independent factors, including among others its development stage during the harvest as well as climatic conditions, especially the amount of rainfall. During the years 2014–2016, plant samples were harvested at weekly intervals, respectively five times from late April to late May. The effect of harvest date on cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin contents was evaluated. The chemical composition of plants was varied, depending not only on harvest date but also on the year of study. Regardless of the course of meteorological conditions in subsequent growing seasons, the increase of cellulose (from 236.5 to 297.9 g∙kg–1 DM), hemicelluloses (from 159.3 to 210.8 g∙kg–1 DM), and lignin (from 31.5 to 43.1 g∙kg–1 DM) in the following dates of harvest were observed. These parameters were also positively correlated with the total rainfall from the begging of vegetation season to the date of plants sampling (R2 = 0.65, 0.12 and 0.44 for cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, respectively), and with the average daily air temperature in the moment of harvest (R2 = 0.66, 0.32 and 0.52 for cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin, respectively). The cellulose and lignin content, regardless of the harvest date, were significantly higher in the first year of the study (2014), when moisture conditions for plant development were optimal.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Barbara Wróbel
1
ORCID: ORCID
Waldemar Zielewicz
2
ORCID: ORCID
Anna Paszkiewicz-Jasińska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Bartosz Spychalski
1
Zuzanna Jakubowska
1

  1. Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, al. Hrabska 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland
  2. Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Grassland and Natural Landscape Sciences, Poznań, Poland

Abstrakt

Anthropogenic pollution leads to increased concentrations of metals in the freshwater and macrophyte. Aquatic plants substantially contribute to the structure, function as well as and service provision of aquatic ecosystems. Our microcosm experiments were to test the possibility of the physiological response of Hydrocharis morsus-ranae to metal (Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe at three level of concentration) contaminated waters. Biomass was analysed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. At the same time contents of photosynthetic pigments in leaves were estimated spectrophotometrically. We found that this macrophyte had the ability to grow in contaminated waters, but the effects of high concentration of isolated metals in water will indicate changes consisting in the disappearance of a significant part of biological populations were which manifested in alteration of the content of photosynthetic pigments as well as this plant’s growth. We show that generally stress of Zn and Cu influenced the drop of dry biomass which was connected with a positive correlation between the amount of dry biomass and the content of chlorophyll a and carotenoids, or only carotenoids, respectively. The highest stress of Pb and Fe (third concentrations of these metals) also influenced the drop of biomass. We concluded that none of Cd concentrations were toxic to this plant, but the effect of Mn stress was not unequivocal. Moreover, plant growth was stimulated by low Fe concentrations (first concentration) demonstrating the hormesis effect. When plants were exposed to this metal, there was no evidence of damage to the photosynthetic processes.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Małgorzata Gałczyńska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jacek Wróbel
1
ORCID: ORCID
Katarzyna Bednarz
1

  1. West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, al. Piastów 17, 70-310 Szczecin, Poland

Abstrakt

This study aims to evaluate the construction mode of small-scale farmland water conservancy using secondary data from the China statistical yearbook (2000–2019), which was simply and statistically computed. To put it briefly, the simple linear regression model was used to analyse the number of small-scale reservoirs and irrigated areas relative to their capacities and effectiveness. The results showed that the number of small-scale reservoirs increased by 122.2 units of their capacity and the number of small-scale irrigated areas increased by 6.8 units of their effectiveness. The present study introduces the simple linear regression model and accounts for how the number of the small-scale reservoirs and irrigated areas has increased (the total number of reservoirs was 83,260 in 2000 and 98,822 in 2018) relative to their capacity and effectiveness, respectively. Of course, the capacity of water harvesting and the effectiveness of irrigated areas have shown a linear increase over time. Between 2000 and 2019, the capacity increased from 3842 to 7117 for large-scale reservoirs, from 746 to 126 for medium-scale reservoirs, and from 594 to 710 for small-scale reservoirs and their ranges were 3.2, 380, and 116, respectively. Furthermore, the findings of this evaluation provide insights for making decisions on water conservancy interventions.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Belachew D. Hambebo
1
ORCID: ORCID
Hui Li
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Hunan Agricultural University, College of Economics, 1 Nonda Rd, Furong District, Changsha, China

Abstrakt

Global climate change is a fact that affects all components of the environment. The main aim of this research was to conduct the retrospective monitoring of soils in the Trans-Ural Steppe Zone (Russia) and the analysis in changing of key climatic parameters for the periods 1937–1982 and 1982–2019. We investigated average temperatures and precipitation (monthly and annual) using archived data from a nearby weather station, as well as data from NASA and weather forecast websites. We identified a decrease of soil fertility and an increase in alkalinisation processes over the past 37 years for the studied area. Comparison of these periods showed an increasing the average monthly and annual air temperatures (on 1.4°C) and a decrease in the amount of precipitation in the summer (on 4.4 mm) period. We found that a more arid climate accelerates the rate of soil salinization due to the active evaporation of groundwater. Nevertheless, in some areas there were found the soil desalinization due to the change in the hydrologic regime and lowering of the groundwater level. In general, the climate changing in the studied region is consistent with global warming trend. Increased average annual temperature and reduced precipitation in summer period contribute to aridization of the region. Such conditions will more restrict soil fertility due to development of salinization and desertification processes.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Azamat Suleymanov
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Ilyusya Gabbasova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ruslan Suleymanov
1 3
ORCID: ORCID
Mikhail Komissarov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Timur Garipov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ludmila Sidorova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Fliza Nazyrova
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Ufa Institute of Biology, Ufa Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Soil Science, Pr. Oktyabrya 69, 450054, Ufa, Russia
  2. Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Department of Environmental Protection and Prudent Exploitation of Natural Resources, Kosmonavtov St 1, 450064, Ufa, Russia
  3. Bashkir State University, Department of Geodesy, Cartography and Geographic Information Systems, Ufa, Russia

Abstrakt

Based on the analysis of a number of studies, it was found that to assess the state of the environment (including surface waters and soils) it is advisable to use indicators of microbiological pollution, which in general integrally reflect the state of the ecosystem. To assess the dynamics of changes in the pollution of the studied areas, a comparison of monitoring data with the corresponding level of pollution in protected areas (Vyzhnytsia National Nature Park) was used. Research methods included soil and surface water sampling, inoculation on appropriate nutrient selective media, counting of colony forming units (CFU) and other microbiological indicators. To assess the biological activity of soils, urease activity was determined by a method generally accepted in biochemistry. It is established that within the protected areas, despite some existing annual fluctuations, the relative stability of the studied indicators of the hydrosphere is preserved. Studies have shown that soils of anthropogenically altered landscapes are characterised by a high content of sanitary-indicative bacteria. As our research shows, according to the colony forming units (CFU), total microbial count, and titer of Escherichia coli, the soils selected in the protected area of the Vyzhnytsia National Nature Park correspond to the “pure” level. The soils of the territories out of the National Nature Park are characterised by high biological capacity, as evidenced by the level of activity of the enzyme urease and the ratio of the main forms of nitrogen compounds.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Andrij Masikevych
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yurij Masikevych
2
ORCID: ORCID
Myroslav S. Malovanyу
3
ORCID: ORCID
Mykola Blyzniuk
4
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Bukovinian State Medical University, Department of Hygiene and Ecology, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
  2. Bukovinian State Medical University, Department of Physiology, Chernivtsi, Ukraine
  3. Lviv Polytechnic National University, Viacheslav Chornovil Institute of Sustainable Development, Department of Ecology and Sustainable Environmental Management, S. Bandera St, 12, 79013, Lviv, Ukraine
  4. Poltava V.G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University, Department of Production and Information Technologies and Life Safety, Poltava, Ukraine

Abstrakt

The results of the study of the macrophytes of the rivers Turia, Vyzhivka and Tsyr, the right-bank tributaries of the upper reaches of the Pripet River, are presented. The species composition of aquatic and coastal aquatic vascular plants was investigated during the vegetation seasons of 2018 and 2019 at 9 observation points located along the rivers from the source to the mouth. The most numerous species composition, 57 species, was found in the Turia River, 36 in the Vyzhivka River, and 28 species were identified in the Tsyr River. The macrophyte index for rivers (Pol.: makrofitowy indeks rzeczny – MIR) was determined from the results, and the ecological state of the rivers was assessed according to the methodology of the macrophyte assessment of rivers (Pol.: makrofitowa metoda oceny rzek – MMOR). The investigation showed that water quality in the Turia River on sites No. 1, 3 and 4 belongs to class III, satisfactory category. The surface water quality on site No. 2 of the Turia River belongs to class II, a good category. The water quality in the Vyzhivka River on all test sites belongs to class II, a good category, which testifies to favourable ecological conditions for the development of higher aquatic plants along the whole course. The water quality in the Tsyr River on test site No. 8 (Kamin-Kashyrskyi, upper course) corresponds to class II, good category. On test site No. 9 (middle course), the quality of surface waters of the Tsyr River worsens to the class III, satisfactory category.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Myroslav S. Malovanyу
1
ORCID: ORCID
Maria Boіaryn
2
ORCID: ORCID
Oksana Muzychenko
2
ORCID: ORCID
Oksana Tsos
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Lviv Polytechnic National University, Viacheslav Chornovil Institute of Sustainable Development, Department of Ecology and Sustainable Environmental Management, S. Bandera St, 12, 79013, Lviv, Ukraine
  2. Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Faculty of Chemistry, Ecology and Pharmacy, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Lutsk, Ukraine

Abstrakt

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a biological humic preparation – “HUMIN PLUS”, made from natural raw materials – environmentally friendly lake sapropel on the biological development of agricultural crops. The study consisted in obtaining information and assessing the effect of a biological product on the dynamics of seedlings development, planting density, as well as crop productivity. To assess the preparation, as well as to identify the effect on the stages of plant ontogenesis, the physicochemical parameters were studied, including the content of humates, and trace elements in the sapropel extract. To interpret the effect of the growth regulator on the seed germination energy, an adaptive-neural inference system was used. To establish the nature of the action of preparation on the development biology of plant, in the conditions of Kazakhstan, a series of experiments were carried out at different stages of ontogenesis of agricultural crops. It was found that the action of the “HUMIN PLUS” preparation significantly increases the content of essential and nonessential amino acids. The findings have established that the sapropel extract “HUMIN PLUS” affects the biological activity of plants, accelerating the seed germination and increasing the productivity of agricultural crops in Kazakhstan.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Raikhan J. Abutova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Marat K. Kozhakhmetov
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Kazakh National Agrarian Research University, Department of Technology and Safety of Food Products, 050010, 8 Abai Ave., Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstrakt

This study discriminates different lithological units of the Dokan Area, Kurdistan Region, NE-Iraq, using rapid-eye satellite data by image enhancement techniques, namely the false colour composite (FCC), optimum index factor (OIF), minimum noise fraction (MNF), principal component analysis (PCA) and band ratio (BR). Results of analyses show that the FCC (R: 5; G: 4: B: 1); MNF (R: 2, G: 3, B: 5); PCA (R: 5, G: 2, B: 1), and band ratio (R: 5/4, G: 2/1, B: 5/3) are the best to different geological formations. The results are confirmed in the field support with the geological maps available for the area. Geological formations appeared as a result of the collision process between the Arabian plate and the Iranian plate. In general, the study area is mountainous, which is usually represented by anticline folds with the main NW – SE trend in the study area, with very a rugged relief mainly due to the continuous collision between the Arabian plate and Iranian plate. The digital image processing of satellite data has demonstrated the sensor’s capability and efficiency of the image processing methods in identifying and mapping geological units in the study area.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Azhar Kh.S. Bety
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Sulaimani, College of Science, Department of Geology, Tasluja Str. 1, Zone 501 Sulaimania, As Sulaymaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

Abstrakt

The aim of the research was to show which theoretical statistical distribution best reflects and describes the variability of pollutant concentrations in treated sewage, discharged from small sewage treatment plants, characterised by a value below 2000 PE. The statistical analysis additionally takes into account the influence of the number of measuring sequence data on the shape and level of the distribution fit. The data for the research were obtained from three small sewage treatment plants, operating in the Lesser Poland, 10, 11 and 14 km from Kraków. Due to their size, these facilities are included in the group of treatment plants below 2000 PE. The research was conducted for 10 years. In the statistical analysis, 20-, 40-, 60- and 80-element data series were used, including the values of biochemical oxygen demand ( BOD5), chemical oxygen demand ( CODCr) and total suspended solids ( TSS), determined in samples of treated wastewater. Two commonly used tests, Kolmogorov–Smirnov λ and Pearson’s X 2 test were used to assess the fit of the theoretical statistical distribution to the empirical data distribution. Statistical analysis showed that the studied communities were characterised by an asymmetric, right-oblique distribution. Most often, the empirical distribution of the analysed measurement sequences was consistent with the Fisher–Tippett distribution. On the basis of the X 2 test, this distribution was described by a total of 31 out of 36 analysed groups at the significance level of a = 0.05. Other distributions that often describe the analysed empirical data are: Gamma, log-normal, Chi-square, and Weibull. The common feature of these distributions is usually asymmetry, right oblique. The skewness value ranges from 0.15 to 1.69.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Grzegorz B. Kaczor
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059 Kraków, Poland

Abstrakt

Using doubled haploid technologies inbreeding can significantly reduce the time to obtain homozygous parental lines required for the production of F1-hybrid of vegetable crops. This study aims to investigate the influence of factors on the efficiency of carrot embryogenesis in isolated microspore culture to optimise the elements of protocol for producing doubled haploids. Microspores were isolated from inflorescences of 21 genotypes and incubated in NLN13 medium supplemented with 0.1 mg·dm –3 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acids, 0.1 mg·dm –3 1-naphthyl acetic acids, 130 g·dm –3 sucrose, and 400 mg·dm –3 casein hydrolysate and its modifications. Embryoids and their groups were formed after 2–6 months, in some cases after 12 months of cultivation. Depending on the variant, the embryogenesis efficiency averaged from 0 to 4.9 embryoids or groups of embryoids per Petri dish (10 cm 3). Embryoids within the group were formed from different microspores. No significant effects of inflorescence position on the plant (branching order), sucrose, and casein hydrolysate concentration in the medium were observed. Significant advantages (p ≥ 0.05) for some genotypes were shown: 1) microspore suspension density 4·104 cells·cm –3 (5.0 embryoids per Petri dish were formed at a microspore suspension density of 4·104 cells·cm –3, 0.0 embryoids per Petri dish at a density of 8·104 cells·cm –3); 2) cultivating microspores of tetrad and early mononuclear stage (4.9 ±3.1 embryoids per Petri dish were obtained by culturing tetrads and early mononuclear microspores, while 0.6 ±0.7 embryoids per Petri dish were obtained by culturing of later developmental stages); 3) high-temperature treatment duration of five days (4.9 ±2.1 embryoids per Petri dish were obtained after five days of high-temperature treatment, 2.7 ±2.6 embryoids per Petri dish formed after two days of high-temperature treatment; 9.8 ±4.7, 10.1 ±6.1, 0.0 ±0.0 embryoids per Petri dish formed after two, five and eight days of high-temperature treatment respectively); 4) adding colchicine 0.5 mg·dm –3 to the nutrient medium for two days of high-temperature treatment, followed by medium replacement (3.3 ±2.6 embryoids per Petri dish were obtained by using a nutrient medium with colchicine, while 1.7 ±1.5 embryoids per Petri dish were obtained by culturing in the reference variant).
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Anastasia V. Voronina
1
ORCID: ORCID
Anastasiia V. Vishnyakova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sokrat G. Monakhos
1
ORCID: ORCID
Grigory F. Monakhos
2
ORCID: ORCID
Alexander A. Ushanov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Aleksey A. Mironov
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Russian State Agrarian University, Department of Botany, Plant Breeding and Seed Technology, Timiryazevskaya street, 49127550, Moscow, Russian Federation
  2. Russian State Agrarian University, Breeding Station after N.N. Timofeev, Moscow, Russian Federation

Abstrakt

The article presents the experimental results of the calibration of the typical check structure with sluice gates installed in a trapezoidal irrigation channel. Hydraulic experiments on sluice gate discharge capacity were performed on a model made in a 1:2 scale. It has been explained how the method of measuring the downstream water depth below the sluice gate in the check structures installed in a trapezoidal irrigation channels affects the measured depth values. On the basis of hydraulic measurements, regression relationships were developed for the discharge coefficients for submerged outflow through the sluice gate in two types of sluice gates installed in irrigation channels. The formulas allow to calculate the volumetric flow rate below the submerged sluice gate after determining the water depth upstream and below the sluice gate and the gate opening height. The differences in volumetric flow rates calculated from regression relationships and measured values do not exceed 10%, which confirms their practical suitability for calculating the discharge through a sluice gate mounted in a trapezoidal channel. The values of the discharge coefficients determined in the channels with rectangular cross-sections are not useful for the discharge coefficients of sluice gates check structures installed in trapezoidal channels. Nomograms and relationships for discharge coefficients of the analysed sluice gate were developed.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Elżbieta Kubrak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Janusz Kubrak
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Water Center, Warsaw, Poland
  2. Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland

Abstrakt

Precipitation is a component of the hydrological cycle, knowing its spatial distribution is vital for the management of hydrographic basins, the territory and the development of fundamental activities for society. That is why the present study shows the spatial variability of rainfall in Cartagena de Indias city with a network of rain gauges, made up of nine pieces of equipment, separated from each other by 0.9–27 km. After a year of recording (2019), using historical series of data, it was found that the maximum rainfall occurs in the trimester between September and November, with interpolated maps made by the Ordinary Kriging (OK) method it was found that the maximum rainfall is focused on the north, centre and west of the territory, instead, the maximum intensities are presented in the centre and west, the minimums for both variables are presented to the east and south. The 70 and 90% of the rain events have a duration of less than 30 min and 1 h, respectively. Three-parameter exponential function was fitted to the paired correlation distances, and presented correlations lower than 0.8, 0.5 and 0.2 from distances of 1, 3 and 7 km, respectively, in 30 min rain integration. It was also found that with a pluviometric network conformed by at least six pieces of equipment and separated by a 5 km distance from each other in the urban area, a correlation of 0.5 and compliance with the WMO recommendations would be obtained.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Javier A. Mouthon-Bello
1
Edgar Quiñones-Bolaños
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jairo E. Ortiz-Corrales
1
ORCID: ORCID
Natalia Mouthon-Barraza
1
Maria D.J. Hernández-Fuentes
1
Andrea C. Caraballo-Meza
1

  1. Universidad de Cartagena, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Consulate Ave 30, No. 48-152, 130014, Cartagena de Indias, Colombia

Abstrakt

The Semarang-Demak plain has experienced intense human intervention over the last 40 years, thereby causing land subsidence. This study aims to assess long-term conditions in the study area using the drivers-pressuresstate- impacts-response (DPSIR) framework to mitigate land subsidence. Methods include analysis of land subsidence, socioeconomic, surface, and subsurface data, as well as spatial analysis. Results show that rapid population growth and economic activities are major driving forces, manifesting as pressures exerted from overexploitation of groundwater, increasing building and infrastructure loads, and decreasing non-built areas. Groundwater overexploitation reduced the artesian pressure in the 1980s, forming depression cones of the groundwater level from 5 to 30 m below mean sea level. From 1984 to the present, the constructed areas have increased more than tenfold, with Semarang City possessing the most densely built area. Based on our findings, we propose responses consisting of surface water utilization, spatial building regulation, and rigorous groundwater and land subsidence monitoring. Moreover, we encourage the strengthening of law enforcement and inter-sectoral management to ensure the successful land subsidence mitigation.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Dwi Sarah
1
ORCID: ORCID
Asep Mulyono
2
ORCID: ORCID
Nugroho Aji Satriyo
1
ORCID: ORCID
Eko Soebowo
1
ORCID: ORCID
Taufiq Wirabuana
3

  1. Research Centre for Geological Disaster, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Gedung B.J Habibie, Jl. M.H. Thamrin no. 8, Jakarta 10340, Indonesia
  2. Research Centre for Environmental and Clean Technology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Jakarta, Indonesia
  3. Center for Groundwater and Environmental Geology, Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Bandung, Indonesia

Abstrakt

The research aims to study the purification performance of a local and natural material as an input or as a biological filter for treating urban domestic wastewater. For this purpose, pozzolan was used as the biofiltration support that was provided from Beni Saf located in the North-West of Algeria. Tests were carried out with a specially modified pilot unit (TE900) for wastewater treatment over a period of four months.
To assess the efficiency of the treatment, two main parameters have been focused on – the height of the sprinkler filter (40 cm and 80 cm) and the flow rate (10, 16, and 25 dm 3∙h –1). Physicochemical and bacteriological analyses were carried out on raw wastewater and treated water. The obtained results show that the Beni Saf pozzolan-filled trickling filter eliminates a large fraction of the studied pollutants. The purification yields obtained are fairly encouraging; 98% for turbidity, 88% for suspended solids ( SS), 94% for chemical oxygen demand ( COD), and 98% for biological oxygen demand ( BOD 5). As for bacterial indicators, the formation of biofilms has significantly reduced bacterial activity with a percentage of over 80%.
It can be concluded that the reduction of pollutant parameters clearly indicates the effectiveness of the treatment by this ecological process. Therefore, the use of local and natural materials for wastewater treatment can be a promising alternative based on sustainable environmental technologies and development.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Amina Hamidi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Fadila Belarbi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Hamid Bouchelkia
1
ORCID: ORCID
Racha M. Bouchenak Khelladi
1 2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Tlemcen, Faculty of Technology, Department of Hydraulics, URMER, BP 230, 13000, Tlemcen, Algeria
  2. University of Tlemcen, Faculty of Technology, Department of Hydraulics, Laboratory of Valorization of Water Resources, Tlemcen, Algeria

Abstrakt

The effect of a static magnetic field (MF) of 7 mT with phenol (P) or p-chlorophenol (p-chP) concentrations of 100 mg∙dm –3 on the proliferation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast was investigated. The abundance of the microorganism was determined under static culture conditions on a YPG medium with or without the addition of P or p-chP and exposed or unexposed to the MF over 48 h of the experiment. A static MF of 7 mT was shown to have a stimulating effect on S. cerevisiae cell proliferation after 24 h. It was proved that P and p-chP were used as an additional carbon source by yeasts. The greatest stimulation of the growth of the studied microorganisms was observed under the simultaneous effect of an MF and in presence of either P or p-chP. It was generally about 2 times higher at the time of the study than in the control. Statistical analysis of the results was carried out using, among other things, analysis of variance (ANOVA). A statistically significant difference in the growth of the tested microorganisms was observed. The study results indicate the possibility of applying an MF of 7 mT to enhance the process of phenol and p-chlorophenol removal from industrial wastewater.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Anna Rutkowska-Narożniak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Elżbieta Pajor
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering

Abstrakt

Soil erosion in the Nangka watershed has always been a matter of concern. Over the last decade, soil erosion has led to continuous environmental problems. A thorough examination of the extent of the problem was required to identify an appropriate soil conservation strategy within the watershed. This study was conducted to observe erosion rates and map out the erosion hazard level. Erosion predictions were analysed by using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model with the help of ArcGIS software. RUSLE was selected because of its quantitative ability to estimate average annual soil erosion and its compatibility with the GIS interface. The potential hazard of soil erosion was classified and ranked into five class categories as set by the national authority. The results reveal that the Nangka watershed is prone to soil erosion with the annual average values ranging from 1.33 Mg·ha –1·y –1 to 2472.29 Mg·ha –1·y –1. High soil erosion rates of 9.8% are in severe (class IV) and very severe (class V) conditions, primarily in the upper course of the watershed. The low annual average of soil erosion (class I and class II), which accounted for 75.95% of the total erosion, mostly took place in the steepness below 35%. The remaining area of 14.25% within the watershed is in moderate condition (class III). It is expected that the results of this study will help the authority in the implementation of soil conservation measures.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Yusron Saadi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sus Mardiana
2
Eko Pradjoko
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Mataram, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Center for Disaster Risk Management, Majapahit St, No. 62, Mataram, NTB, 83125, Indonesia
  2. Nusa Tenggara I River Basin Organisation, Mataram, NTB, Indonesia

Abstrakt

The level of wheat grain contamination with lead and cadmium was determined using electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with Zeeman background correction (ETAAS) after microwave digestion. The obtained limits of quantification were 0.001 mg∙kg–1, for both metals. A total of 300 samples of wheat grain from agricultural regions of Poland were examined, 150 each from the two consecutive harvest years 2017 and 2018.
None of the tested samples exceeded the maximum level of these metals, as specified in the European regulations. The contents of lead and cadmium in wheat grain from both years of harvest ranged from <0.001 to 0.098 mg∙kg –1 and from 0.006 to 0.098 mg∙kg –1, respectively. Despite similar ranges of these metals, the highest lead contents were two times lower than the maximum limit value, while the highest cadmium contents were close to it.
As for lead, a significantly higher (p < 0.05) mean content of this metal was found in wheat grain from the 2018 harvest compared to 2017 and in the western compared to eastern regions of the country. However, the cadmium contents did not differ significantly between the two harvest years, but were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in wheat grain from the southern regions compared to northern regions of Poland. Additionally, the highest contents of cadmium, close to the maximum limit, were found in the South-West region and in the both years of harvest.
The risk analysis of the occurrence of the excessive contents of toxic metals in wheat grain showed a low risk level for lead in all investigated regions, and a medium level for cadmium, in general.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Renata Jędrzejczak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Wiesława Ręczajska
1

  1. Prof. Waclaw Dabrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology – State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36, 02-532, Warsaw, Poland

Abstrakt

The article provides an assessment of soil fertility indicators of agricultural lands in the northern foreststeppe of the Republic of Bashkortostan within the Iglinsky region (Russian Federation). The content of humus, mobile phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, the thickness of the humus horizon, granulometric composition, morphological properties and soil washout were studied. It was revealed that the soil-forming process occurs on rocks of different ages and genesis, such as diluvial carbonate and carbonate-free clays and heavy loams, limestone eluvium, sandstone eluvium and alluvial deposits, which determine the diversity of the soil cover. In the study area, water erosion processes are developing, influenced by anthropogenic and natural factors such as planar and linear washout on slopes with a steepness of more than 2–3° and high ploughing of agricultural land. In terms of humus content, low-humus and medium-humus soils are widespread, accounting for 45.5 and 40%, respectively. The soil map was corrected and digitised to identify the main types and subtypes of soils, indicating the varieties at a scale of 1: 25,000. Digitised maps, taking into account the current state of soil fertility, are used to develop projects for inter-farm and intra-farm land management of organisations of the agro-industrial complex, state cadastral valuation of agricultural land, determination of land tax and development of measures to improve soil fertility.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Anna Kiseleva
1
Ilgiz Asylbaev
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ayrat Khasanov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ramil Mirsayapov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Nadezhda Kurmashev
1

  1. Federal State Budgetary Educational Establishment of Higher Education “Bashkir State Agrarian University”, 50 Let Oktyabrya St, 34, Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, 450001, Russian Federation

Abstrakt

Plant secondary metabolites have a variety of functions, including mediating relationships between organisms, responding to environmental challenges, and protecting plants against infections, pests, and herbivores. In a similar way, through controlling plant metabolism, plant microbiomes take part in many of the aforementioned processes indirectly or directly. Researchers have discovered that plants may affect their microbiome by secreting a variety of metabolites, and that the microbiome could likewise affect the metabolome of the host plant. Pesticides are agrochemicals that are employed to safeguard humans and plants from numerous illnesses in urban green zones, public health initiatives, and agricultural fields. The careless use of chemical pesticides is destroying our ecology. As a result, it is necessary to investigate environmentally benign alternatives to pathogen management, such as plant-based metabolites. According to literature, plant metabolites have been shown to have the ability to battle plant pathogens. Phenolics, flavonoids, and alkaloids are a few of the secondary metabolites of plants that have been covered in this study.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Herlina Jusuf
1
ORCID: ORCID
Marischa Elveny
2
ORCID: ORCID
Feruza Azizova
3
ORCID: ORCID
Rustem A. Shichiyakh
4
ORCID: ORCID
Dmitriy Kulikov
5
ORCID: ORCID
Muataz M. Al-Taee
6
ORCID: ORCID
Karrar K. Atiyah
7
ORCID: ORCID
Abduladheem T. Jalil
8
ORCID: ORCID
Surendar Aravindhan
9
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Universitas Negeri Gorontalo, Faculty of Sports and Health, Department of Public Health, Jln. Jenderal Sudirman 6, Gorontalo, 96128, Indonesia
  2. Universitas Sumatera Utara, DS & CI Research Group, Medan, Indonesia
  3. Tashkent Medical Academy, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
  4. Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin, Department of Management, Kuban, Russia
  5. Moscow State University of Technologies and Management named after K.G. Razumovsky (First Cossack University), Department of Digital Nutrition, Hotel and Restaurant Services, Moscow, Russia
  6. AL-Nisour University College, Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, Baghdad, Iraq
  7. College of Dentistry, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Iraq
  8. Al-Mustaqbal University College, Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, Babylon, Hilla, Iraq
  9. Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India

Abstrakt

The use of graywater in households has become increasing popular. Socio-economic aspects of graywater vary from one place to another and they need to be investigated in order to predict whether graywater use can be accepted by people. The aim of this study is to investigate the social response in the Gaza Strip, Palestine, toward the reuse of graywater in households.
Results of 511 surveys among residents of the Gaza Strip revealed that about 84% of the interviewed people accepted the idea of using graywater. Knowing that installing a graywater system would cost about USD500.00 per family, people reversed their acceptance of 84% and the rejection rate reached about 90%. The situation returned back to the 84% acceptance rate when it was known that the cost paid by the resident would only be USD50.00, with the rest of the cost to be contributed by non-governmental organizations (NGOs). The study also revealed that water outage seemed to be the most compelling reason behind the feeling of having a water problem, which is encouraging for the future of graywater use because graywater can be a good alternative during times of water outage.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Ramadan Alkhatib
1

  1. Islamic University of Gaza, Faculty of Engineering, P.O. Box 108, Rimal St., Gaza City, Occupied Palestinian Territories

Abstrakt

Access to clean and sufficient drinking water is difficult in much of Ethiopia’s Afar Region. It is observed that many schemes in the region are non-functional. The study was conducted to overcome the observed problem in seven selected districts of the region. The study regarded hand-dug wells and roof water collection systems, which are the two most common features in the research areas. Eight hand-dug wells and sixteen roof water harvestings are purposively included in the study. All the water points are constructed by Kelem Ethiopia which is a non-governmental organisation and the foremost local organisation for the communities. As per the research survey, the average functional status of the hand-dug well schemes is 65.75% and the roof water harvesting schemes is 22.94%. The research was based on the qualitative data collected on site. The hand-dug well sites were evaluated using 10 parameters, and the roof water harvesting schemes were analysed using 12 parameters. The main non-functional aspects of the scheme are lack of community ownership, drying up of water sources, lack of maintenance and rehabilitation, poor coordination of beneficiaries and school roofs blowing off. Most schemes still require minor to major maintenance and rehabilitation. According to the research, the solutions for water supply are identified in relation to the desired objective.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Melese C. Shumie
1

  1. Debre Berhan University, Department of Civil Engineering, Debre Berhan, PO Box 445, Ethiopia

Abstrakt

Erosion and sedimentation have a very big influence on flooding. Floods are strongly influenced by land use and population activities that change the river’s physical condition, including erosion and sedimentation. The river upstream was very steep, and the downstream was narrowing and meandering with high rainfall recorded. This study analyses erosion, sedimentation, and its handling using the eco-hydraulic base. The method involves input rainfall data, river hydraulics, land use, watershed area, and land cover. The analysis of hydrology, hydraulics, land use, flood discharge, and eco-hydraulic, inundation height, vegetation diameter, velocity reduced, and riverbank width measured in five bridges cross-sections along the river. The eco-hydraulic compares the width of existing riverbanks and design, high inundation, and the vegetation diameter to minimise flood discharge. Erosion in the right cliff is 22.73% and the left cliff is 37.04%, land erosion was 225.83 Mg∙ha –1∙year –1. The river’s bottom is formed by rocks of 0.18–1.30 mm. The plantation land used around the Lae Kombih River grows mainly an oil palm with a diameter of 0.5–0.7 m. The riverbank design on 100 m for vegetation diameter of 0.1–1.0 m can retain flood discharge for five years return period up to 72.3%, resulting in discharge of 112.04209.43 m 3∙s –1. The largest erosion and sedimentation on the river border is Dusun Silak, so it is recommended to plant Vetiveria zizanioides, Ipomoea carnea and Bambusoideae. An inundation height of 0.9 m can be recommended to design an embankment to be used as flood mitigation.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Ziana Ziana
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Azmeri Azmeri
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Alfiansyah Yulianur
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Ella Meilianda
1 2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Universitas Syiah Kuala, Doctoral Program, School of Engineering, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
  2. Universitas Syiah Kuala, Department of Civil Engineering, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia

Abstrakt

Although the complexities and irrevocable consequences associated with bridge scour have attracted researchers interest, their studies scarcely indicated the effect of a bridge pier proximity to an abutment. This research aims to measure maximum scour depth and exhibit the impact of pier-abutment scour interference based on laboratory experiments where vertical-wall abutment and two shapes of a pier (oblong and lenticular) were used at three different spacings (23.5, 16.0, 9.0 cm). The results showed an obvious increase in the scour depth ratio when increasing flow intensity, Froude number, and a decreasing flow depth. They also showed that reduced pier-abutment spacing was accompanied by increase in pier scour for both shapes while decrease in abutment scour. The maximum scour depth that caused by an oblong shape was more than a lenticular shape by about 10.8%. Furthermore, new empirical equations were derived using IBM SPSS Statistics 21 with determination coefficients of 0.969, 0.974, and 0.978 for oblong, lenticular and abutment, respectively. They showed the correlation between predicted and observed data.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Noor A.A. Muhsen
1
ORCID: ORCID
Saleh I. Khassaf
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University of Basrah, College of Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, Center of Basrah, PO Box 49, Al Basrah, Iraq

Abstrakt

The article deals with the problems of induction of the anatomical and morphological structure of plants of different life forms under the conditions of a long-term chronic action of ionising radiation on the territory of the Northern nuclear power plant. Currently, the study and assessment of the radioecological situation on the territory of the former Semipalatinsk nuclear test site, taking into account the ecological state of natural plant and animal populations, is of particular importance. The study of the reaction of living organisms, be it plants or animals, to different doses of chronic ionising radiation makes it possible to assess and diagnose the state of environmental quality, and these organisms themselves can serve as bioindicators of pollution. On the territory of the Semipalatinsk test site, at the experimental site “Balapan”, 3 sections with meadow type of soil were studied: polluted section no. 1 – the northwestern shore of Lake Chagan, polluted section no. 2 – the north-eastern shore of Lake Chagan, and control section no. 3. For structural analysis, the study recorded the vegetative organs of plant species with an increased radiation background. It was found that when the EDR (exposure dose rate) of gamma radiation increases and the plant growth is stimulated. In the conditions of radioactive contamination, with an increase in the activity of alpha, beta and gamma radiation, plants response and changes occur in the internal structure of their vegetative organs. Such adaptive features arise under the influence of a complex of environmental factors, including radiation pollution.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Nursulu Akhtaeva
1
ORCID: ORCID
Elmira Boribay
2
ORCID: ORCID
Akmaral Nurmakhanova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Bekzat Tynybekov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Zhanar Moldagazyyeva
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Department of Biodiversity and Bioresources, Al-Farabi Avenue 71, Almaty 050040, Kazakhstan
  2. Narxoz University, Department of Ecology, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Abstrakt

Optimal estimation of water balance components at the local and regional scales is essential for many applications such as integrated water resources management, hydrogeological modelling and irrigation scheduling. Evapotranspiration is a very important component of the hydrological cycle at the soil surface, particularly in arid and semi-arid lands. Mapping evapotranspiration at high resolution with internalised calibration (METRIC), trapezoid interpolation model (TIM), two-source energy balance (TSEB), and soil-plant-atmosphere and remote sensing evapotranspiration (SPARSE) models were applied using Landsat 8 images for four dates during 2014–2015 and meteorological data. Surface energy maps were then generated. Latent heat flux estimated by four models was then compared and evaluated with those measured by applying the method of Bowen ratio for the various days. In warm periods with high water stress differences and with important surface temperature differences, METRIC proves to be the most robust with the root-mean-square error ( RMSE) less than 40 W∙m –2. However, during the periods with no significant surface temperature and soil humidity differences, SPARSE model is superior with the RMSE of 35 W∙m –2. The results of TIM are close to METRIC, since both models are sensitive to the difference in surface temperature. However, SPARSE remains reliable with the RMSE of 55 W∙m –2 unlike TSEB, which has a large deviation from the other models. On the other hand, during the days when the temperature difference is small, SPARSE and TSEB are superior, with a clear advantage of SPARSE serial version, where temperature differences are less important.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Tewfik A. Oualid
1
ORCID: ORCID
Abderrahmane Hamimed
1
ORCID: ORCID
Abdelkader Khaldi
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. University Mustapha Stambouli of Mascara, Laboratory of Biological Systems and Geomatics, P.O. Box 305, Route de Mamounia, 29000, Mascara, Algeria

Abstrakt

The article presents research data on the amount of salts in the irrigated soils of the Mughan-Salyan massif, their composition, water-salt regime, and their forecast. It was found that the soils on the territory of the massif were saline to varying degrees. In general, the area of non-saline soils in the massif is 125,650 ha, mildly – 272,070 ha, moderately – 210,560 ha, highly – 125,850 ha, very highly – 109,450 ha and saline soils – 27,520 ha. The absorbed bases in the soils of the massif were studied, and it was determined that they change depending on the amount of salts as follows: in mildly saline soils, Ca – 57.82–68.31%, Mg – 25.26–36.28%, Na – 5.49–6.43%; in moderately saline soils – 56.77–65.76%, 27.03–35.58%, 7.12–7.94%, respectively; in highly saline areas – 54.05–64.75%, 24.94–43.67% and 9.19– 14.42%. As you can see, the soils are mildly and moderately saline.
The soils in the surveyed areas are saline to varying degrees (i.e., the average value of salts in the 0–100 cm layer of the soil varies between 0.25 and 1.00%). The biological product used in these soils contains a wide range of macro and microelements, humic acids, fulvic acids, amino acids, vitamins and enzymes that do not contain BioEcoGum mineral fertilisers. This biological product was used for the first time and one of the main goals was to study the improvement of water-physical properties of soils after its use. Therefore, the water-salt regime of the soils of the study area was studied on three experimental sites selected for the area, the number of irrigations for different plants, and their norms were determined taking into account the depth of groundwater in the soils and shown in tabular form. They are widely used in farms and these regions, taking into account the proposed irrigation norms and their quantity.
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Autorzy i Afiliacje

Mustafa Mustafayev
1
ORCID: ORCID
Zulfiya Tukenova
2
ORCID: ORCID
Mereke Alimzhanova
3
ORCID: ORCID
Kazhybek Ashimuly
4
ORCID: ORCID
Farid Mustafayev
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry of Azerbaijan National Academy of Science, M. Rahim St, 5, AZ10073, Baku, Azerbaijan Republic
  2. Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Department of UNESCO in Sustainable Development, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
  3. Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Faculty of Thermal Physics and Technical Physics, Department of Physics and Technology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
  4. Scientific Production Center of Microbiology and Virology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan

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Zasady etyki publikacyjnej


ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
Editors of the "Journal of Water and Land Development" pay attention to maintain ethical standards in scientific publications and undertake any possible measure to counteract neglecting the standards. Papers submitted for publication are evaluated with respect to reliability, conforming to ethical standards and the advancement of science. Principles given below are based on COPE's Best Practice Guidelines for Journal Editors, which may be found at: https://publicationethics.org/files/u2/Best_Practice.pdf


Authors’ duties

Authorship

Authorship should be limited to persons, who markedly contributed to the idea, project, realization and interpretation of results. All of them have to be listed as co-authors. Other persons, who affected some important parts of the study should be listed or mentioned as co-workers. Author should be certain that all co-authors were enlisted, saw and accepted final version of the paper and agreed upon its publication.


Disclosure and conflict of interests

Author should disclose all sources of financing of his/her study, the input of scientific institutions, associations and other subjects and all important conflicts of interests that might affect results and interpretation of the study.


Standards in reporting

Authors of papers based on original studies should present precise description of performed work and objective discussion on its importance. Source data should be accurately presented in the paper. The paper should contain detailed information and references that would enable others to use it. False or intentionally not true declarations are not ethical and are not accepted by the editors.


Access to and storage of data
Authors may be asked for providing raw data used in the paper for editorial assessment and should be prepared to store them within the reasonable time period after publication.


Multiple, unnecessary and competitive publications
As a rule, author should not publish papers describing the same studies in more than one journal or primary publication. Submission of the same paper to more than one journal at the same time is not ethical and prohibited.


Confirmation of sources
Author should cite papers that affected the creation of submitted manuscript and every time he/she should confirm the use of other authors’ work.


Important errors in published papers
When author finds an important error or inaccuracy in his/her paper, he/she is obliged to inform Editorial Office about this as soon as possible.


Originality and plagiarism
Author may submit only original papers. He/she should be certain that the names of authors referred to in the paper and/or fragments of their texts are properly cited or mentioned.


Ghostwriting
Ghost writing/guest authorship are manifestation of scientific unreliability and all such cases will be revealed including notification of appropriate subjects. Signs of scientific unreliability, especially violation of ethical principles in science will be documented by the Editorial Office.


Duties of the Editorial Office


Editors’ duties
Editors know the rules of journal editing including the procedures applied in case of uncovering non-ethical practices.


Decisions on publication
Editor-in Chief is obliged to apply present legal status as to defamation, violation of author’s rights and plagiarism and bears the responsibility for decisions. He/she may consult thematic editors and/or referees in that matter.
Selection of referees Editorial Office provides appropriate selection of referees and takes care about appropriate course of peer –reviewing (the review has to be substantive).


Confidentiality
Every member of editorial team is not allowed to disclose information about submitted paper to any person except its author, referees, other advisors and editors.


Discrimination
To counteract discrimination the Editorial Office obeys the legally binding rules.


Disclosure and conflict of interests
Not published papers or their fragments cannot be used in the studies of editorial team or referees without written consent of the author.


Referees' duties

Editorial decisions

Referee supports Editor-in-Chief in taking editorial decisions and may also support author in improving the paper.


Back information
In case a selected referee is not able to review the paper or cannot do it in due time period, he/she should inform secretary of the Editorial Office about this fact.


Objectivity standards
Reviews should be objective. Personal criticism is inappropriate. Referees should clearly ex-press their opinions and support them with proper arguments.


Confidentiality
All reviewed papers should be dealt with as confidential. They should not be discussed or revealed to persons other than the secretary of the Editorial Office.


Anonymity
All reviews should be made anonymously and the Editorial Office does not disclose names of the authors to referees.


Disclosure and conflict of interests
Confidential information or ideas resulting from reviewing procedure should be kept secret and should not be used to gain personal benefits. Referees should not review papers, which might generate conflict of interests resulting from relationships with the author, firm or institution involved in the study.


Confirmation of sources
Referees should indicate publications which are not referred to in the paper. Any statement that the observation, source or argument was described previously should be supported by appropriate citation. Referee should also inform the secretary of the Editorial Office about significant similarity to or partial overlapping of the reviewed paper with any other published paper and about suspected plagiarism.


Corrections, retractions and updates after publication


Sometimes after an article has been published it may be necessary to make a change. This will be done after careful consideration by Editors to ensure any necessary changes are made in accordance with guidance from the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE):
https://publicationethics.org/postpublication


Retraction is executed in accordance with the procedure presented by the European Association of Science Editors (EASE): https://ease.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/EASE-Standard-Retraction-Form-2022.pdf


Complaints and appeals


A complaint may arise over the conduct of editors and/or peer reviewers. Some possible reasons for complaints are:
- intentional delay of reviewing process,
- undisclosed conflicts of interest,
- breach of confidentiality,
- misuse of confidential information,
- practical issues, such as unresponsive journal staff.


An appeal is a formal request to reconsider a decision taken by the journal. It might be related to decisions in regular journal operation (e.g. a manuscript being rejected) or to a verdict taken by a team investigating a particular situation (e.g. a published manuscript being retracted due to suspected data manipulation).


The authors submit a formal complaint/appeal to the journal principal contact by email or post ( journal@itp.edu.pl). Within a week, the journal will form an investigation group consisting of at least three Editorial Team members (not previously involved in handling the manuscript in question) and report back their names and how they can be contacted.


The actual investigation time may vary depending on the complexity of the case. The investigation team provides fair opportunities to all parties involved to explain their motives and actions. The purpose of the investigation is to establish whether misconduct took place (as reported or in the light of new circumstances discovered), whether it was performed deliberately or as a genuine mistake, and to estimate the scale of its negative consequences.


Based on the facts collected, the investigation team decides on the corrective actions to be taken as well as whether some penalty is to be applied to the person who performed the misconduct. Depending on the misconduct severity, the penalty may range from a reprimand to an expulsion from the reviewer pool/editorial board and a report being sent to the institution to which the person in question is affiliated.


The authors are informed about the investigation outcome upon its completion.


In its work, the investigation group relies on the recommendations and guidelines provided by Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE): https://publicationethics.org/appeals


In complex cases, an external ethical advisor might be called for.


Guidance from COPE ( https://publicationethics.org/ ):

Ethical guidelines for peer reviewers (English)
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.9


Sharing of information among editors-in-chief regarding possible misconduct
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.7


How to handle authorship disputes: a guide for new researchers
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2018.1.1


Text recycling guidelines for editors
URL: http://publicationethics.org/text-recycling-guidelines


A short guide to ethical editing for new editors
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.8

Guidelines for managing the relationships between society owned journals, their society, and publishers
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2018.1.2


Retraction guidelines
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24318/cope.2019.1.4

Procedura recenzowania

Reviewing procedure

Procedure of reviewing submitted papers agrees with recommendations of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education published in a booklet: „Dobre praktyki w procedurach recenzyjnych w nauce”.

Reviewing form may be downloaded from the Journal’s web page.

1. Papers submitted to the Editorial Office are primarily verified by editors with respect to merit and formal issues. Texts with obvious errors (formatting other than requested, missing references, evidently low scientific quality) will be rejected at this stage.

2. Primarily accepted papers are sent to the two independent referees from outside the author’s institution, who:

- have no conflict of interests with the author,
- are not in professional relationships with the author,
- are competent in a given discipline and have at least doctor’s degree and respective scientific achievements,
- have unblemished reputation as reviewers.

3. In case of papers written in foreign language, at least one referee is affiliated in a foreign institution other than the author’s nationality.

4. Reviewing proceeds in the double blind process (authors and reviewers do not know each other’s names) recommended by the Ministry.

5. A number is attributed to the paper to identify it in further stages of editorial procedure.

6. Potential referee obtains summary of the text and it is his/her decision upon accepting/rejecting the paper for review within a given time period.

7. Referees are obliged to keep opinions about the paper confidential and to not use knowledge about it before publication.

8. Review must have a written form and end up with an explicit conclusion about accepting or rejecting the paper from publication. Referee has a possibility to conclude his/her opinion in a form:

- accept without revision;
- accept with minor revision;
- accept after major revision,
- re-submission and further reviewing after complete re-arrangement of the paper,
- reject.

9. Referee sends the review to the “Journal of Water and Land Development” by Editorial System. The review is archived there for 5 years.

10. Editors do not accept reviews, which do not conform to merit and formal rules of scientific reviewing like short positive or negative remarks not supported by a close scrutiny or definitely critical reviews with positive final conclusion and vice versa. Referee’s remarks are presented to the author. Rational and motivated conclusions are obligatory for the author. He/she has to consider all remarks and revise the text accordingly. Referee has the right to verify so revised text.

11. Author of the text has the right to comment referee’s conclusions in case he/she does not agree with them.

12. Editor-in Chief (supported by members of the Editorial Board) decides upon publication based on remarks and conclusions presented by referees, author’s comments and the final version of the manuscript.

13. Rules of acceptation or rejection of the paper and the review form are available at the web page of the Editorial House or the journal.

14. Present list of cooperating reviewers is published once a year.

15. According to usual habit, reviewing is free of charge.

16. Papers rejected by referees are archived by Editorial System.

Download:
Review Sheet


Recenzenci

Journal of Water and Land Development List of reviewers 2023

  • Assoc. Prof. Salman Dawood Ammar University of Basrah, College of Engineering, Civil Engineering Department, Basrah, Iraq
  • Prof. Jacek Antonkiewicz University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Poland
  • Dr. Ozan Artun Cukurova University in Adana, Department of Architecture and Urban Planning, Turkey
  • Assoc. Prof. Habib-ur-Rehman Athar Bahauddin Zakariya University, Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Multan, Pakistan
  • Prof. Meryem Atik Akdeniz University, Faculty of Architecture, Department of Landscape Architecture, Antalya,Turkey
  • Prof. Atilgan Atilgan Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Antalya, Turkey
  • Prof. Doru Bănăduc Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Faculty of Sciences, Romania
  • Dr. José Miguel Barrios Royal Meteorological Institute of Belgium, Brussels, Belgium
  • Dr. Anna Baryła Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Prof. Arjan Beqiraj Polytechnic University of Tirana, Faculty of Geology and Mining, Earth Sciences Departament, Albania
  • Dr. Małgorzata Biniak-Pieróg Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Development and Protection, Poland
  • Prof. M. Bisri Bisri University Brawijaya, Indonesia
  • Assoc. Prof. Małgorzata Bonisławska West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. Barbara Borawska-Jarmułowicz Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Department of Agronomy, Poland
  • Dr. Łukasz Borek University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Land Reclamation and Environmental Development, Poland
  • Prof. Marian Brzozowski Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Dr. Filip Bujakowski Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Irena Burzyńska Forest Research Institute, Laboratory of Natural Environment Chemistry, Sękocin Stary, Poland
  • Prof. Tzu-Chia Chen Krirk University, International College, Bangkok, Thailand
  • Master Grzegorz Chrobak Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Spatial Management, Department of Environmental Protection and Development, Poland
  • Dr. Wojciech Ciężkowski Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Department of Remote Sensing and Environmental Assessment, Poland
  • Dr. Agnieszka Cupak University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, Poland
  • Dr. Isa Curebal Balikesir University, Istanbul, Turkey
  • Dr. Wojciech Czekała Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Przemysław Czerniejewski Westpomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Department of Fisheries Management, Poland
  • Dr. Ewa Dacewicz University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Management, Poland
  • Dr. Ralf Dannowski Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Land Use Research, Institute of Landscape Hydrology (retired since 2015), Müncheberg, Germany
  • Dr. Jarosław Dąbrowski Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Piotr Dąbrowski Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Department of Environmental Management, Poland
  • Prof. Piotr Dąbrowski Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
  • Dr. Agnieszka Dąbska Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Building Services, Hydro and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. Oussama Derdous Kasdi Merbah University, Department of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering, Ouargla, Algeria
  • Prof. Sina Dobaradaran Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Systems Environmental Health and Energy Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr, Iran
  • Dr. Mariusz Dudziak Silesian University of Technology, Institute of Water and Wastewater Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. Helmut Durrast Prince of Songkla University, Thailand
  • Dr. Tomasz Dysarz Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitary Engineering, Poland
  • Prof. Nabil Elshery Tanta University, Faculty of Agriculture, Agriculture and Botany Department, Egypt
  • Prof. Evens Emmanuel Université Quisqueya, Haut Turgeau, Haiti
  • Prof. Andrzej Eymontt Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Dr. Paweł Falaciński Warsaw University of Technology, Department of Hydro-Engineering and Hydraulics, Poland
  • Faculty of Building Services, Hydro- and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Prof. Ewa Falkowska Warsaw University, Faculty of Geology, Poland
  • Dr. Tomasz Falkowski Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. Stanisław Famielec University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland
  • Dr. Francesco Faraone Cooperativa Silene, Palermo, Italy
  • Assoc. Prof. Marcin Feltynowski University of Lodz, Institute of Urban and Regional Studies and Planning, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Romilda Fernandez Felisbino Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil
  • Assoc. Prof. Barbara Futa University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Faculty of Agrobioengineering, Institute of Soil Science, Environment Engineering and Management, Poland
  • Prof. John Galbraith Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, United States
  • Assoc. Prof. Marwan Ghanem Birzeit University, Department of Geography, Palestine
  • Dr. Andrzej Giza University of Szczecin, Institute of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Poland
  • Dr. Maciej Gliniak University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Power Engineering and Automation, Poland
  • Dr. Arkadiusz Głogowski Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Environmental Protection and Development, Poland
  • Dr. Januarius Gobilik Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Faculty of Sustainable Agriculture, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia
  • Prof. Renata Graf Adam Mickiewicz University, Department of Hydrology and Water Management, Institute of Physical Geography and Environmental, Poznań, Poland
  • Prof. Andrzej Greinert University of Zielona Gora, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Geoengineering and Reclamation, Poland
  • Dr. Leon Grubišić Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries, Laboratory for Aquaculture, Laboratory of Aquaculture, Split, Croatia
  • Dr. Łukasz Gruss Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Poland
  • Dr. Maciej Gruszczyński Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Antoni Grzywna University of Live Sciences in Lublin, Department of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Poland
  • Dr. Andrej Halabuk Institute of Landscape Ecology, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
  • Master Wiktor Halecki Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Nature Conservation PAS, Kraków, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Mateusz Hammerling Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitary Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. donny harisuseno University of Brawijaya, Indonesia
  • Dr. Sigid Hariyadi IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
  • Prof. Salim Heddam 20 Août 1955 University, Agronomy Department, Hydraulic Division, Skikda, Algeria
  • Dr. Leszek Hejduk Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Dr. Yevheniy Herasimov National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Research Department, Rivne, Ukraine
  • Dr. Jakub Hołaj-Krzak Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Dr. Tomasz Horaczek Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Prof. Lyudmyla Hranovska Institute of Climate – Smart Agriculture of NAAS, Department of Irrigated Agriculture and Decarbonization Agroecosystems, Odesa, Ukraine
  • Dr. Věra Hubačíková Mendel University in Brno, Department of Applied and Landscape Ecology, Czech Republic
  • Prof. Piotr Hulisz Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Department of Soil Science and Landscape Management, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Aniza Ibrahim Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • Master Svetlana Ilić Institute for Protection and Ecology of Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Dr. Gabriela Ioana-Toroimac University of Bucharest, Faculty of Geography, Romania
  • Dr. Eva Ivanišová Ivanišová Slovac Agricultural University in Nitra, Department of Technology and Quality of Plant Products, Slovak Republic
  • Dr. Mateusz Jakubiak AGH University of Science and Technology, Department of Environmental Management and Protection, Kraków, Poland
  • Dr. Michał Jankowski Faculty of Earth Sciences and Spatial Management, Department of Soil Science and Landscape Management, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Bartosz Jawecki Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Landscape Architecture, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Raimundo Jiménez-Ballesta Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Department of Geology and Geochemistry, Spain
  • Prof. Krzysztof Jóżwiakowski University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Poland
  • Dr. Carmelo Juez Universidad de Zaragoza, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IPE-CSIC), Spain
  • Dr. Marta Jurga Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Department of Plant Protection, Poland
  • Prof. Edmund Kaca Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Dr. Grzegorz Kaczor University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Management, Poland
  • Prof. Hazem M. Kalaji Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Dr. Marek Kalenik Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Hydraulics and Sanitary Engineering, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Tomasz Kałuża Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Hydraulic and Sanitary Engineering, Poznań, Poland
  • Dr. Andrzej Kapusta Inland Fisheries Institute in Olsztyn, Department of Ichthyology, Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecology, Poland
  • Prof. Vasyl Karabyn Lviv State University of Life Safety, Ukraine
  • Dr. Beata Karolinczak Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Robert Kasperek Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. Wiesława Kasperska-Wołowicz Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Dr. Ewa Kaznowska Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Prof. Nahed Khairy Agricultural Engineering Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Giza, Egypt
  • Dr. Eyad Khalaf Science & Technology Center of Excellence, Cairo, Egypt
  • Dr. Adam Kiczko Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Prof. Sungwon Kim Dongyang University, Department of Railroad Construction and Safety Engineering, Korea (South)
  • Assoc. Prof. Tomasz Klaiber Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poland
  • Prof. Zbigniew Kledyński Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
  • Dr. Tomasz Kleiber Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Plant Nutrition, Poland
  • Dr. Kamila Klimek University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Mathematical Statistics, Poland
  • Prof. Oleksandr Klimenko National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Rivne, Ukraine
  • Dr. Anna Kocira Institute of Agricultural Sciences, The State School of Higher Education in Chełm, Poland
  • Prof. Marek Kopacz AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Radovan Kopp Mendel University in Brno, Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Czech Republic
  • Dr. Tomasz Kotowski University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland
  • Prof. Viktor Kovalchuk National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Rivne, Ukraine
  • Prof. Pyotr Kovalenko Institute of Water Problems and Melioration of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
  • Dr. Agnieszka Kowalczyk Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Tomasz Kowalczyk Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
  • Dr. Anna Krakowiak-Bal University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland
  • Prof. Leszek Książek University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland
  • Prof. Maciej Kubon University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland
  • Prof. Lech Kufel Siedlce University, Poland
  • Dr. Jerzy Kupiec Poznan University of Life Science, Poland
  • Dr. Karolina Kurek University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland
  • Dr. Alban Kuriqi Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto Superior Técnico, Portugal
  • Dr. Renata Kuśmierek-Tomaszewska Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Department of Agrometeorology, Plant Irrigation and Horticulture, Poland
  • Dr. Stanisław Lach AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering, Department of Environmental Management and Protection, Poland
  • Prof. Lenka Lackóová Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Department of Landscape Planning and Ground Design, Slovak Republic
  • Prof. Zoubida Laghrari Moulay Ismaïl University, Meknes, Morocco
  • Dr. Fares Laouacheria Badji-Mokhtar Annaba University, Laboratory of Soils and Hydraulic, Annaba, Algeria
  • Prof. Krzysztof Lejcuś Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Sławomir Ligęza University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Institute of Soil Science and Environment Shaping, Poland
  • Dr. Marta Lisiak-Zielińska Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poland
  • Dr. Mirko Liuzzo Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Italy
  • Prof. Svjetlana Lolić University of Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Assoc. Prof. Ramin Lotfi Dryland Agricultural Research Institute, Maragheh, Iran
  • Assoc. Prof. Yufeng Luo Hohai University, College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Nanjing, China
  • Prof. Andrzej Łachacz University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Department of Soil Science and Microbiology, Poland
  • Dr. Jamal Mabrouki Mohammed V University in Rabat, Faculty of Science, Morocco
  • Dr. Nenad Malić EFT – Rudnik i Termoelektrana Stanari d.o.o., Stanari, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Assoc. Prof. Mateusz Malinowski University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. Paweł Marcinkowski Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Dr. Michał Marzec University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy, Poland
  • Dr. Grażyna Mastalerczuk Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Institute of Agriculture, Poland
  • Dr. Agnieszka Mąkosza West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, Poland
  • Dr. Grzegorz Mikiciuk West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
  • Prof. Sarah Milton Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, United States
  • Dr. Florentina Mincu National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, Bucharest, Romania
  • Assoc. Prof. Dariusz Młyński University of Agriculture in Krakow, Poland
  • Dr. Ali Mokhtar Cairo University, Egypt
  • Master Mohamed Moustafa Agricultural Engineering Research Institute (AEnRI), Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Giza, Egypt
  • Assoc. Prof. Karol Mrozik Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland
  • Prof. Lince Mukkun Nusa Cendana University, Faculty of Agriculture, Kupang, Indonesia
  • Dr. Gianina Necualu University of Bucharest, National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, Romania
  • Dr. Yantus A.B. Neolaka Nusa Cendana University, Kupang, Indonesia
  • Dr. Arkadiusz Nędzarek West Pomeranian University of Technology, Department of Aquatic Sozology, Szczecin, Poland
  • Dr. Jadwiga Nidzgorska-Lencewicz West Pomeranian University of Technology, Work Group of Climatology and Atmospheric Protection, Szczecin, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Alicja Niewiadomska Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Poland
  • Prof. Ljiljana Nikolić Bujanović University Union Nikola Tesla, Belgrade, Serbia
  • Dr. Alessandra Nocilla Università degli Studi di Brescia, Italy
  • Prof. Vahid Nourani Tabriz University, Iran
  • Prof. Laftouhi Noureddine Université Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
  • Dr. Elida Novita University of Jember, Department of Agricultural Engineering, Indonesia
  • Dr. Sławomir Obidziński Bialystok University of Technology, Poland
  • Prof. Ryszard Oleszczuk Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Prof. Beata Olszewska Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Agnieszka Operacz University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, Department of Sanitary Engineering and Water Management, Poland
  • Dr. Wojciech Orzepowski Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
  • Dr. Andreas Pacholski Leuphana University of Luneburg, Institute of Ecology, Luneburg, Germany
  • Dr. Iwona Paśmionka University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Microbiology and Biomonitoring, Poland
  • Dr. Juan Patino-Martinez Maio Biodiversity Foundation (FMB), Cidade Porto Ingles, Cape Verde
  • Prof. Katarzyna Pawęska Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
  • Dr. Dušica Pešević University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Department of Ecology and Geography, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Assoc. Prof. Slaveya Petrova University of Plovdiv “Paisii Hilendarski”, Faculty of Biology, Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Conservation, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
  • Dr. Agnieszka Petryk Cracow University of Economics, Poland
  • Dr. Decho Phuekphum Suranaree University of Technology,School of Geotechnology, Institute of Engineering, Geological Engineering Program, Thailand
  • Dr. Katarzyna Pietrucha-Urbanik Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland
  • Prof. Dariusz Piwczyński Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Department of Biotechnology and Animal Genetics, Poland
  • Prof. Karol Plesiński University of Agriculture in Krakow, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, Poland
  • Prof. Joanna Podlasińska West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Poland
  • Prof. Cezary Podsiadło West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Department of Agriculture, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Zbigniew Popek Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Prof. Paweł Popielski Warsaw University of Technology, Poland
  • Prof. Tatjana Popov University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Assoc. Prof. Dorota Porowska Warsaw University, Faculty of Geology, Institute of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, Poland
  • Dr. Anu Printsmann Tallinn University, Estonia
  • Dr. Grzegorz Przydatek State University of Applied Sciences in Nowy Sącz, Engineering Institute, Poland
  • Dr. Erik Querner Querner Consult, Wageningen, Netherlands
  • Dr. Anizar Rahayu Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia
  • Prof. Anabela Ramalho Durao Instituto Politecnico de Beja, Portugal
  • Assoc. Prof. Maimun Rizalihadi Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
  • Assoc. Prof. Joanna Rodziewicz University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Roman Rolbiecki Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Poland
  • Dr. Tomasz Rozbicki Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Poland
  • Dr. Michał Rzeszewski Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Poland
  • Dr. Sadeq Salman Universiti Putra Malaysia, Seri Kembangan, Malaysia
  • Assoc. Prof. Abdel-Lateif Abdel-Wahab Samak Menoufia University, Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Engineering Department, Shebin El Kom, Egypt
  • Assoc. Prof. Saad Shauket Sammen Diyala University, Iraq
  • Dr. Seddiki Sara University of Science and Technology Oran – Mohamed Boudiaf, Algeria
  • Dr. Veronica Sarateanu Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" from Timisoara, Agriculture Faculty, Romania
  • Dr. Biju Sayed Dhofar University, Salalah, Oman
  • Dr. Magdalena Senze University of Life Sciences in Wrocław, Department of Limnology and Fishery, Poland
  • Dr. Madina Serikova L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, Kazakhstan
  • Dr. Tamara Shevchenko O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv, Ukraine
  • Prof. Omar Shihab University of Anbar, Iraq
  • Dr. Kuo Shih-Yun Academia Sinica, Taipei City, Taiwan
  • Dr. Mehrdad Shokatian-Beiragh University of Tabriz, Iran
  • Assoc. Prof. Edyta Sierka University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
  • Prof. Brbara Skowera University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Ecology, Climatology and Air Protection, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Monika Skowrońska University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Agricultural and Environmental Chemistry, Poland
  • Prof. Joaquín Solana-Gutiérrez Joaquín Solana-Gutiérrez, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
  • Dr. Jacek Sosnowski University of Siedlce, Poland
  • Prof. Tomasz Sosulski Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Division of Agricultural And Environmental Chemistry, Institut of Agriculture, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Waldemar Spychalski Poznań University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poland
  • Prof. Ryszard Staniszewski Poznan University of Life Sciences, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poland
  • Prof. Ryszard Staniszewski Poznan University of Life of Science, Department of Ecology and Environmental Protection, Poland
  • Prof. Matthew Stocker University of Maryland, Department of Environmental Science and Technology, College Park, MD, United States
  • Prof. Ljiljana Stojanović Bjelić Pan-European University “APEIRON”, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Master Sunčica Sukur University of Banja Luka, Department of Chemistry, Bosnia and Herzegovina
  • Prof. Wayan Suparta Menoreh University, Indonesia
  • Dr. Marta Sylla Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Spatial Management, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland
  • Prof. Barbara Symanowicz Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Serhiy Syrotyuk Lviv National Agrarian University, Department of Energy, Ukraine
  • Prof. Szilard Szilard Szabo University of Debrecen, Department of Physical Geography and Geoinformation Systems, Hungary
  • Dr. Paulina Śliz Krakow University of Economics, Poland
  • Master Gabriella Tocchi University of Naples Federico II, Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, Italy
  • Prof. Serghiy Vambol Kharkiv National Technical University of Agriculture after P. Vasilenko, Ukraine
  • Dr. Irina Vaskina Sumy State University, Department of Applied Ecology, Ukraine
  • Dr. Luca Vecchioni University of Palermo, Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), Italy
  • Dr. Lorenzo Vergni Università di Perugia, Italy
  • Dr. Grzegorz Wałowski Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Wan Zakiah Wan Ismail Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, Nilai, Malaysia
  • Prof. Qiao Wei China Agricultural University, College of Engineering, Beijing, China
  • Prof. Mirosław Wiatkowski Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Dr. Magdalena Wijata Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Poland
  • Dr. Marta Wojewódka-Przybył Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
  • Dr. Agnieszka Wolna-Maruwka Poznań Univeristy of Life Sciences, Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Poland
  • Dr. Barbara Wróbel Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Bagyo Yanuwiadi Brawijaya University, Postgraduate Program of Environmental Science, Brawijaya University, Indonesia
  • Assoc. Prof. Ewelina Zając University of Agriculture in Krakow, Department of Land Reclamation and Environmental Development, Poland
  • Dr. Francisco Zavala-García Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Agronomía, San Nicolás de los Garza, Mexico
  • Prof. Jarosław Zawadzki Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Construction, Hydrotechnics and Environmental Engineering, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Elżbieta Zębek University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Faculty of Law and Administration, Poland
  • Assoc. Prof. Agnieszka Ziernicka-Wojtaszek University of Agriculture in Kraków, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Land Surveying, Department of Ecology, Climatology and Air Protection, Poland
  • Prof. Deki Zulkarnain Universitas Halu Oleo, Kota Kendari, Indonesia
  • Prof. Krystyna Żuk-Gołaszewska University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland

Polityka antyplagiatowa


Plagiarism Policy

1. The Editorial Team of the “Journal of Water and Land Development” (JWLD) is strictly against any unethical act of copying or plagiarism in any form. According to Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) plagiarism is defined as: When somebody presents the work of others (data, words or theories) as if they were his/her own and without proper acknowledgement. Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE). All manuscripts submitted for publication to JWLD are cross-checked for plagiarism using iThenticate/Turnitin software.
2. Plagiarism is the unethical act of copying someone else's prior ideas, processes, results or words without explicit acknowledgement of the original author and source. Self-plagiarism occurs when an author utilises a large part of his/her own previously published work without using appropriate references. This can range from getting the same manuscript published in multiple journals to modifying a previously published manuscript with some new data.
3. Manuscripts found to be plagiarised (overall similarity index of the manuscript should not be more than 15% for research articles and 20% for review articles with a limitation of less than 3% similarity from any individual source) during initial stages of review are out-rightly rejected and not considered for publication in the journal. In case a manuscript is found to be plagiarised after publication, the Editor-in-Chief will conduct a preliminary investigation, may be with the help of a suitable committee constituted for the purpose.
4. If the manuscript is found to be plagiarised beyond the acceptable limits, the journal will contact the author's Institute / College / University and Funding Agency, if any. A determination of misconduct will lead JWLD to run a statement bi-directionally linked online to and from the original paper, to note the plagiarism and provide a reference to the plagiarised material.
5. The paper containing the plagiarism will also be marked on each page of the PDF. Upon determination of the extent of plagiarism, the paper may also be formally retracted.

Types of Plagiarism

The following types of plagiarism are considered by JWLD:

1. Full Plagiarism: Previously published content without any changes to the text, idea and grammar is considered as full plagiarism. It involves presenting exact text from a source as one's own.
2. Partial Plagiarism: If content is a mixture from multiple different sources, where the author has extensively rephrased text, then it is known as partial plagiarism.
3. Self-Plagiarism: When an author reuses complete or portions of their pre-published research, then it is known as self-plagiarism. Complete self-plagiarism is a case when an author republishes their own previously published work in a new journal.

JWLD respects intellectual property and aims at protecting and promoting original work of its authors. Manuscripts containing plagiarised material are against the standards of quality, research and innovation. Hence, all authors submitting articles to JWLD are expected to abide by ethical standards and abstain from plagiarism, in any form.

The authors must ensure that the submitted manuscript:
- describes completely the original work;
- is not plagiarism;
- has not been published before in any language;
- the information used or words from other publications are appropriately indicated by reference or indicated in the text.
Existing copyright laws and conventions must be observed. Materials protected by copyright (for example, tables, figures or large quotations) should only be reproduced with the permission of their owner.

In case, an author is found to be suspected of plagiarism in a submitted or published manuscript then, JWLD shall contact the author(s) to submit his/her/their explanation within two weeks, which may be forwarded to the special commission constituted for the purpose, for further course of action. If JWLD does not receive any response from the author within the stipulated time period, then the Director / Dean / Head of the concerned College, Institution or Organization or the Vice Chancellor of the University to which the author is affiliated shall be contacted to take strict action against the concerned author.

JWLD shall take serious action against published manuscripts found to contain plagiarism and shall completely remove them from the JWLD website and other third party websites where the paper is listed and indexed. The moment, any article published in the JWLD database is reported to be plagiarised, JWLD will constitute a special commission to investigate the same. Upon having established that the manuscript is plagiarised from some previously published work, JWLD shall support the original author and manuscript irrespective of the publisher and may take any or all of the following immediate actions or follow the additional courses of actions*:

1. JWLD editorial office shall immediately contact the Director / Dean / Head of the concerned College, Institution or Organization or the Vice Chancellor of the University to which the author(s) is (are) affiliated to take strict action against the concerned author.
2. JWLD shall change the PDF copy of the published manuscript from the website and the term Retraction shall be appended to the published manuscript title.
3. JWLD shall disable the author account with the journal and reject all future submissions from the author for a period of 03 / 05 / 10 years or even ban the authors permanently.

*Any additional courses of action, as recommended by the commission or as deemed fit for the instant case or as decided by the Editor-in-Chief, implemented from time to time.

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