@ARTICLE{Rogula-Kozłowska_Wioletta_Hazardous_2013, author={Rogula-Kozłowska, Wioletta and Kozielska, Barbara and Klejnowski, Krzysztof}, volume={vol. 39}, number={No 1}, journal={Archives of Environmental Protection}, howpublished={online}, year={2013}, publisher={Polish Academy of Sciences}, abstract={Thirteen fractions of ambient dust were investigated in Zabrze, a typical urban area in the central part of Upper Silesia (Poland), during a heating season. Fifteen PAH and Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, As, Se, Cd, Pb contents of each fraction were determined. The dust was sampled with use of a cascade impactor and chemically analyzed with an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (PANalytical Epsilon 5) and a gas chromatograph with a flame ionisation detector (Perkin Elmer Clarus 500). The concentrations of PM1 and the PM1-related PAH and elements were much higher than the ones of the coarse dust (PM2.5-10) and the substances contained in it. The concentrations of total PAH and carcinogenic PAH were very high (the concentrations of PM1-, PM2.5-, and PM10-related BaP were 16.08, 19.19, 19.32 ng m-3, respectively). The municipal emission, resulted mainly from hard coal combustion processes, appeared to be the main factor affecting the air quality in Zabrze in winter.}, type={Artykuły / Articles}, title={Hazardous Compounds in Urban Pm in the Central Part of Upper Silesia (Poland) in Winter}, URL={http://www.czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/85800/PDF/10265-Volume39-Issue1-paper_05.pdf}, doi={10.2478/aep-2013-0002}, keywords={PM1, PM2.5, heavy metals, PAH, benzo(a)pyrene, carcinogenicity, hazardous compounds, toxicity equivalency factor (TEF), BEQ}, }