@ARTICLE{Folkman_Wojciech_Preparations_2002,
 author={Folkman, Wojciech and Szerechan, Justyna and Gulewicz, Krzysztof},
 number={No 2},
 journal={Journal of Plant Protection Research},
 pages={143-155},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2002},
 publisher={Committee of Plant Protection PAS},
 publisher={Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute},
 abstract={A method for obtaining of alkaloid preparations (A, fraction and pure alkaloid perchlorates ofA5 one) from bitter lupin (Lupinus albus L. cv. Bac) extract and evaluation of their usefulness for plant protection are described. The activity of the extract as well as its fraction A, and two major alkaloids of A3 one was tested on pests such as large cabbage white (Pieris brassicae L.) and small cabbage white (Pieris rapae L.) fed with leaves of cabbage treated with these preparations. Fractionation of the extract to obtain A, fraction and alkaloids perch I orates ofA3 one has been sufficient to eliminate impurities that may potentially cause undesirable by-effects in biological tests. Significant changes in various stages of development of insects were observed. Generally, fraction A, of lupin extract caused decrease in mass of fed feed as well as weight of objects observed. Furthermore, numerous visible damages of fed larvae and pupae that caused their inability to generate normal imagines (butterflies) were observed. Perchlorates of lupanine and 13-hydroxylupanine derived from lupin extract A3 fraction have not shown that effect, particularly on P. brassicae. Above supports an evidence that only natural bioconjugates of active substance may perform strong biological activity. In spite of similarity of tested insect species considerable differences between them in reaction to preparations were noticed.},
 type={Article},
 title={Preparations of alkaloid-rich lupin in plant protection: an effect of the preparations on feeding and development of Pieris brassicae L. and Piens rnpae L.},
 URL={http://www.czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/131054/PDF-MASTER/8_PLANT_42_2_2002_Folkman_Preparations.pdf},
 keywords={white lupin, alkaloids, plant protection, largecabbage white, small cabbage white, alkaloid bioconjugates},
}