@ARTICLE{Olkuski_Tadeusz_The_2024,
 author={Olkuski, Tadeusz and Zubień, Patrycja},
 volume={vol. 27},
 number={No 1},
 journal={Polityka Energetyczna - Energy Policy Journal},
 pages={49-66},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2024},
 publisher={Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN},
 abstract={The aim of the article is to present Finland’s energy situation after Russia’s aggression against Ukraine and the related fact of this country’s accession to NATO structures. This situation is taking place for the first time in history and the analysis of this phenomenon is an important element of energy policy planning for other countries. The article shows how decisions that affect the country’s energy security can be made quickly and effectively. Finland, due to its geographical location and historical circumstances, was closely economically linked with the Soviet Union and then with Russia. However, this situation changed dramatically after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. This has resulted in a change in the thinking of politicians responsible for security, including energy security. Finland is gradually increasing the share of RES in its energy mix due to the lack of energy resources and also to achieve climate neutrality. Nuclear energy, one of the most important domestic sources of electricity production, is also being developed. In 2021, it accounted for 33% of the total generation of electricity, and Finland’s two nuclear power plants have a combined installed capacity of 4.39 GW. Domestic production and imports from “safe” sources are the basis of Finland’s energy security, especially after the suspension of electricity and gas supplies from Russia in May 2022. Currently, electricity is mainly imported from Sweden and gas is imported by pipeline from Estonia and via three small LNG terminals. According to the Finnish government’s plans, Finland is expected to become an electricity exporter by 2030 due to increasing nuclear and renewable electricity production. It is also planned to use heat pumps and waste heat in heating to a greater extent.},
 type={Article},
 title={The energy security of Finland after joining NATO},
 URL={http://www.czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/130824/PDF/03-271-06-Olkuski-T%20i%20Zubie%C5%84-P.pdf},
 keywords={energy security, energy policy, NATO},
}