@ARTICLE{Gerasik_Janusz_The_2023, author={Gerasik, Janusz}, volume={t. 26}, number={No 4}, journal={Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej}, pages={5-36}, howpublished={online}, year={2023}, publisher={Polska Akademia Nauk Oddział w Krakowie Komisja Prasoznawcza}, publisher={Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie}, abstract={Echo z Polski ( Echo from Poland) published in New York in 1863 was the first Polish-language newspaper to appear in the Western hemisphere. The oldest Polish humour magazine in the United States was Osa ( The Wasp), started in New York by Julian Czupka in 1886. It lasted only a few months, but soon after its closure similar 'funny papers' — Bocian ( The Stork), Kukuryku ( Cock-a-doodle-do), Śmiech ( Laughter), Zabawny Kuryerek ( A Funny Little Courier), Kikier ( The Squinty Eye) — sprang up in other American cities. This article outlines a history of the six oldest humour and satire magazines published for Polish readers in the USA in the 19th century and a handful of profiles of their editors.}, type={Artykuł}, title={The earliest Polish-language humour magazines in North America. Part I: From Osa to Kikier}, URL={http://www.czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/130149/2023-04-RHPP-01.pdf}, doi={10.24425/rhpp.2023.148236}, keywords={Polish press in the USA in the 19th century, humour and satire magazines, Julian Czupka (1854–1923), Henryk Nagiel (1859–1899), Zygmunt Słupski (1851–1928)}, }