@ARTICLE{Bukowski_Michał_Improved_2023,
 author={Bukowski, Michał and Antoniuk, Izabella and Kurek, Jarosław},
 volume={71},
 number={6},
 journal={Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences},
 pages={e147338},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2023},
 abstract={In this paper, we present an improved efficient capsule network (CN) model for the classification of the Kuzushiji-MNIST and Kuzushiji-49 benchmark datasets. CNs are a promising approach in the field of deep learning, offering advantages such as robustness, better generalization, and a simpler network structure compared to traditional convolutional neural networks (CNNs). Proposed model, based on the Efficient CapsNet architecture, incorporates the self-attention routing mechanism, resulting in improved efficiency and reduced parameter count. The experiments conducted on the Kuzushiji-MNIST and Kuzushiji-49 datasets demonstrate that the model achieves competitive performance, ranking within the top ten solutions for both benchmarks. Despite using significantly fewer parameters compared to higher-rated competitors, presented model achieves comparable accuracy, with overall differences of only 0.91% and 1.97% for the Kuzushiji-MNIST and Kuzushiji- 49 datasets, respectively. Furthermore, the training time required to achieve these results is substantially reduced, enabling training on nonspecialized workstations. The proposed novelties of capsule architecture, including the integration of the self-attention mechanism and the efficient network structure, contribute to the improved efficiency and performance of presented model. These findings highlight the potential of CNs as a more efficient and effective approach for character classification tasks, with broader applications in various domains.},
 type={Article},
 title={Improved efficient capsule network for Kuzushiji-MNIST benchmark dataset classification},
 URL={http://www.czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/128840/PDF-MASTER/BPASTS_2023_71_6_3755.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/bpasts.2023.147338},
 keywords={efficient capsule networks, Kuzushiji-MNIST, Kuzushiji-49, deep learning},
}