@ARTICLE{Nowak_Ewelina_Decreased_2020,
 author={Nowak, Ewelina and Sulicka-Grodzicka, Joanna and Strach, Magdalena and Bukowska-Strakova, Karolina and Siedlar, Maciej and Korkosz, Mariusz and Grodzicki, Tomasz},
 volume={Vol. 60},
 number={No 3},
 journal={Folia Medica Cracoviensia},
 pages={5-16},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2020},
 publisher={Oddział PAN w Krakowie; Uniwersytet Jagielloński – Collegium Medicum},
 abstract={Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency disorder related to recurrent infections, as well as a range of non-infectious manifestations including autoimmune and inflammatory disorders. We hypothesized that patients with CVID and different clinical phenotypes would demonstrate alterations in lymphocyte T subsets, including T lymphocytes expressing programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and regulatory T lymphocytes. We performed flow cytometry in two CVID groups: group 1 with infections only, and group 2 with infections and concomitant noninfectious manifestations. Patients were 18–59 years old (mean 35.8 years of age). Increased proportions of CD8+PD-1+ T cells and reduced regulatory T cells were associated with lymphadenopathy. Amount of regulatory T cells correlated with CD8+PD-1+ T lymphocytes (r = 0.54; p = 0.013), and with CRP (r = –0.64; p = 0.004). Forty percent of patients expressed manifestations in addition to infections (group 2), and they had reduction in number of regulatory T cells [8 (3–12) vs. 24 (11–26)/μl; p = 0.034), naive CD4+ T lymphocytes [36 (27–106) vs. 149 (81–283)/μl; p = 0.034], and elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) [5.33 (3.15–8.82) vs. 1 (1–2.16) mg/l; p = 0.003] in comparison to group 1. In conclusion, the amount of CD8+ T cells expressing PD-1 is associated with lymphadenopathy and number of regulatory T cells in patients with CVID. Patients with CVID and non-infectious complications have increased level of inflammation and alterations in regulatory T cells.},
 type={Article},
 title={Decreased number of regulatory T lymphocytes is related to inflammation and number of CD8+ T cells expressing programmed cell death protein-1 in common variable immunodeficiency},
 URL={http://www.czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/118717/PDF/2020-03-FMC-01-Nowak.pdf},
 doi={10.24425/fmc.2020.135791},
 keywords={common variable immunodeficiency, T cells, regulatory T cells, PD-1/PD-Ls, chronic inflammation},
}