@ARTICLE{Salava_Jaroslav_The_2007, author={Salava, Jaroslav and Chodová, Daniela}, volume={vol. 47}, number={No 4}, journal={Journal of Plant Protection Research}, pages={437-444}, howpublished={online}, year={2007}, publisher={Committee of Plant Protection PAS}, publisher={Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute}, abstract={In 1985–2002 thirteen weeds resistant to atrazine were selected by a repeated application of triazine herbicides on arable land, in orchards, non-agricultural land and at railways in the Czech Republic. Recently Digitaria sanguinalis biotypes resistant to atrazine have been found at three railway junctions. Long-lasting application of the active ingredient imazapyr at railways caused selection of resistant Kochia scoparia biotypes. High resistance to chlorsulfuron has been discovered in five Apera spica-venti biotypes originating in winter cereals fields. The molecular basis of resistance to atrazine has been identified in the following weeds: Kochia scoparia, Solanum nigrum, Senecio vulgaris, Conyza canadensis, Digitaria sanguinalis, Amaranthus retroflexus and Chenopodium album. The resistance was conferred by a glycine for serine substitution at residue 264 of the D1 protein in all of those weeds. The resistance to imazapyr in Czech Kochia scoparia biotypes was conferred by a mutation at codon 574 of the ALS gene. Analysis of the results of DNA sequencing indicated, that the mutation induced a leucine for tryptophane substitution. There was excellent correspondence between the phenotypic resistance to herbicides of individual plants and the presence of mutations.}, type={Artykuły / Articles}, title={The present state of herbicide resistance of weed populations in the Czech Republic}, URL={http://www.czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/118493/PDF-MASTER/pan_doi_blank.pdf}, keywords={triazines, ALS inhibitors, psbA gene, ALS gene, mutation, PCR, sequencing}, }