@ARTICLE{Szuster_Anna_Self-_2018, author={Szuster, Anna}, volume={vol. 49}, number={No 2: Integrated approach to personality and well-being}, journal={Polish Psychological Bulletin}, howpublished={online}, year={2018}, publisher={Committee for Psychological Science PAS}, abstract={This is both a review of previous research and a theoretical paper on altruism. It discusses one of the crucial theories of prosocial involvement: the distinction between endo- and exocentric prosocial motivation depending on the type of internal gratification for the involved individual: satisfaction of the Self vs. improving the circumstances of another person. The relevance and validity of this distinction finds support in early empirical studies. Contemporary findings suggest a more universal regulatory context of this idea, which transcends the domain of altruism and extends to the more general issues of the Self and social perception. In addition, it anticipates a number of cognitive biases consequential to the relationship between endocentric regulation and the Self. The findings support a reinterpretation of the original term “prosocial motivation” and the use of a broader interpretative construct “prosocial orientation”, understood as a complex syndrome of regulation that encompasses the processes of social perception, value judgements, and Self-regulation, both explicit and subliminal.}, type={Artykuły / Articles}, title={Self- vs. Other-Focused Altruism: Studies on Endocentric and Exocentric Prosocial Orientations}, URL={http://www.czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/103963/PDF/PPB%202-18%2014%20Szuster.pdf}, doi={10.24425/119492}, keywords={cognitive biases, the Self and the beyond-Self standards, egocentric asymmetry effect, self-generalization effect, third-person effect, social categorizations, helping vs developing social behavior}, }