@ARTICLE{Wołczyński_W._Assessment_2017,
 author={Wołczyński, W. and Holtzer, M. and Bydałek, A. and Kmita, A.},
 volume={vol. 17},
 number={No 3},
 journal={Archives of Foundry Engineering},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2017},
 publisher={The Katowice Branch of the Polish Academy of Sciences},
 abstract={There are two methods to produce primary copper: hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical. Copper concentrates, from which copper matte is melted, constitute the charge at melting primary copper in the pyrometallurgical process. This process consists of a few stages, of which the basic ones are roasting and smelting. Smelting process may be bath and flash. Slag from copper production, on the end of process contain less 0,8%. It is treat as a waste or used other field, but only in a few friction. The slag amount for waste management or storage equaled 11 741 – 16 011 million tons in 2011. This is a serious ecological problem. The following slags were investigated: slag originated from the primary copper production process in the flash furnace of the Outtokumpuja Company in HM Głogów 2 (Sample S2): the same slag after the copper removal performed according the up to now technology (Sample S1): slag originated from the primary copper production process in the flash furnace of the Outtokumpuja Company in HM Głogów 2, after the copper removal performed according the new technology (Sample S3). In practice, all tested slags satisfy the allowance criteria of storing on the dumping grounds of wastes other than hazardous and neutral.},
 type={Artykuły / Articles},
 title={Assessment of the Harmfulness of the Slags from Copper Smelting Processes, in an Aspect of their Management},
 URL={http://www.czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/102071/PDF/afe-2017-0114.pdf},
 doi={10.1515/afe-2017-0114},
 keywords={Innovative technology, Slag copper, leaching, Environmental protection},
}