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Archives of Environmental Protection

Archives of Environmental Protection

Description

Archives of Environmental Protection is the oldest Polish scientific journal of international scope that publishes articles on engineering and environmental protection. The quarterly has been published by the Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences since 1975. The journal has served as a forum for the exchange of views and ideas among scientists. It has become part of scientific life in Poland and abroad. The quarterly publishes the results of research and scientific inquiries by best specialists hereby becoming an important pillar of science. The journal facilitates better understanding of environmental risks to humans and ecosystems and it also shows the methods for their analysis as well as trends in the search of effective solutions to minimize these risks.

Copyright on any open access article in the Archives of Environmental Protection journal published by Polish Academy of Sciences is retained by the author(s). Authors grant Polish Academy of Sciences a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Authors also grant any user the right to use the article freely if its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified. The Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License (CC BY-SA 4.0) formalizes these and other terms and conditions of publishing articles.  

The editorial team of Archives of Environmental Protection implements an open access policy by publishing materials in the form of the so-called Gold Open Access and encourages authors to place articles published in the journal in open repositories (after the review or the final version of the publisher), provided that a link to the journal’s website is provided.

For the articles which were previously published, before year 2021, policies that are different from the above. In all such, access to these articles is free from fees or any other access restrictions. Permissions for the use of the texts published in that journal may be sought directly from the Editors, by e-mail: aep@ipispan.edu.pl.

The journal is indexed by Clarivate Analytics services (Biological Abstract, BIOSIS Previews) and has an Impact Factor (June 2025) of 1.3

CiteScore 2025: 2.7

SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) 2025: 0.313

Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) 2023: 0.71


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ISSN
ISSN 2083-4772, eISSN 2083-4810
Publishers
Polish Academy of Sciences
Editors

Editor-in-Chief
Czesława Rosik-Dulewska ORCID logo0000-0003-2698-5437
Institute of Environmental Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Zabrze (Poland)

Editorial Advisory Board
Michał Bodzek ORCID logo0000-0001-9534-7426
Institute of Environmental Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Zabrze (Poland)

Joanna Surmacz-Górska ORCID logo0000-0002-1805-2189
Silesian University of Technology: Gliwice, Poland

Wioletta Rogula-Kozłowska ORCID logo0000-0002-4339-0657
The Main School of Fire Service: Warszawa, PL


Assistant Editor
Jerzy Szdzuj


Editorial Board:

President: Piotr Koszelnik ORCID logo0000-0001-6866-7432
Politechnika Rzeszowska im Ignacego Lukasiewicza: Rzeszow, PL


Members:

Adamowski Jan Franklin (Canada) ORCID logo0000-0002-1242-3364
McGill University, Quebec, Canada


Alonso Rosa M. (Spain) ORCID logo0000-0002-1242-3364
University of the Basque Country/EHU, Bilbao, Spain


Banasik Kazimierz (Poland) ORCID logo0000-0002-7328-461X
Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warsaw, Poland


Van der Bruggen Bart (Belgium) ORCID logo0000-0002-3921-7472
KU Leuven, 3001 Leuven, The Netherlands


Czechowski Piotr Oskar (Poland) 0000-0001-7193-2022
Institute of Environmental Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Zabrze (Poland)


Wolfgang Frenzel (Germany) ORCID logo0000-0002-7697-2514
Technische Universität Berlin, Germany


Bamwenda Gratian R.(Tanzania)
Tanzania Academy of Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania


Huszar Peter (The Czech Republic) ORCID logo0000-0003-2954-8347
Uniwersytet Karola w Prague, The Czech Republic


Kulig Andrzej (Poland) ORCID logo0000-0001-6122-3169
Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland


Kabsch-Korbutowicz Malgorzata (Poland) ORCID logo0000-0002-8188-042X
Technical University Wrocław, Poland


Kyzioł-Komosińska Joanna (Poland) ORCID logo0000-0001-8777-4989
Instytute of Environmental Engineering PAS, Zabrze, Poland


Michalski Rajmund (Poland) ORCID logo0000-0003-4441-7409
Instytute of Environmental Engineering PAS, Zabrze, Poland


Misiewicz Paula (United Kingdom) ORCID logo0000-0003-1909-285X
Adams University: Newport, United Kingdom


Corral Mosquera Anuska (Spain) ORCID logo0000-0003-1925-680X
Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela. Spain


Nahorski Zbigniew (Poland) ORCID logo0000-0002-2340-8020
Systems Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland


Nakamura Takashi (Japan) ORCID logo0000-0002-1864-1143
Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan


Oleszek Sylwia (Poland/Japan) ORCID logo0000-0001-6660-9992
Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan


Pawłowski Lucjan (Poland) ORCID logo0000-0001-7435-5646
Lublin University of Technology: Lublin, PL


Reizer Magdalena (Poland) ORCID logo0000-0002-3572-6050
Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland


Rostkowski Pawel (Norway) ORCID logo0000-0001-9778-4283
Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Kjeller Norway


Soldan Premysl ( The Czech Republik) ORCID logo0000-0002-8892-5117
T. G. Masaryk Water Research Institute (TGM WRI), Prague, The Czech Republic


Ultra Venecio (Philippines) ORCID logo0000-0002-7980-4137
Botswana International University of Science and Technology (BIUST) , Palapye, Botswana


Wiatkowski Mirosław (Poland) ORCID logo0000-0002-5155-0593
Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland


Winnicki Tomasz (Poland) ORCID logo0000-0002-5859-7335
Karkonoska State Higher School in Jelenia Góra, Jelenia Góra, Poland


Włodarczyk-Makuła Maria (Poland) ORCID logo0000-0002-3978-2420
Czestochowa University of Technology, Czestochowa, Poland


Zwoździak Jerzy (Poland) ORCID logo0000-0003-3779-4177
Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Nowym Sączu: Nowy Sącz, PL





Institute of Environmental Engineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences

ul. M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 34,

41-819 Zabrze, Poland

Tel.: +48-32-271 64 81

Fax: +48-32-271 74 70

Mob. +48 728 413 219

e-mail: aep@ipispan.edu.pl

Copyright

Copyright on any open access article in the Archives of Environmental Protection journal published by Polish Academy of Sciences is retained by the author(s). Authors grant Polish Academy of Sciences a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Authors also grant any user the right to use the article freely if its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified. The Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Public License ( CC BY-SA 4.0) formalizes these and other terms and conditions of publishing articles.  




The editorial team of Archives of Environmental Protection implements an open access policy by publishing materials in the form of the so-called Gold Open Access and encourages authors to place articles published in the journal in open repositories (after the review or the final version of the publisher), provided that a link to the journal’s website is provided.

Exceptions to copyright policy

For the articles which were previously published, before year 2021, policies that are different from the above. In all such, access to these articles is free from fees or any other access restrictions. Permissions for the use of the texts published in that journal may be sought directly from the Editors, by e-mail: aep@ipispan.edu.pl.

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Content

Archives of Environmental Protection | 2002 | vol. 28 | No 4

1 Spis treści
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2002 | vol. 28 | No 4
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2 Contents
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2002 | vol. 28 | No 4
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3 SECOTOX - The International Society of Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety in the Third Millennium - Trends and Challenges
Irena Twardowska
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2002 | vol. 28 | No 4 | 5-8
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Authors and Affiliations

Irena Twardowska
4 Halometanes and Organic Pollutants in Drinking Water after Disinfection
Marite Bake , Silvija Pastare , Una Zilbere , lnese Pastare
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2002 | vol. 28 | No 4 | 9-13
Keywords: drinking water chlorination organic pollutants trihalomethanes
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Abstract

Water supply of Riga City uses water from the river Daugava, lakes Baltezers as well as deep well groundwater as drinking water. Due to chlorination of drinking water before use, inhabitants health may be at risk due to trihalornethanes and some organic pollutants. The objective of this study was to determine the level of pollution of drinking water and possible health risk. Pollutants were determined with previous solid phase microextraction (on fibre coated with polidirnethylsilox ane) or pentane extraction of chemical substances by use of gas chromatography and for benzo(a)pyrene by spectrofluorimetry The summary concentration of thrihalornethanes (bromoform, chloroform, bromodichlorornethane, dibromochloromethane) ranged from 3.4 ug/drn' to 304.4 etg/dm3 (maximum allowable concentration - MAC 100 μg/dm-' according to water standards in Latvia), summary lrichloroethene and tetrachloroethene occurred in the concentration from I .O ug/drn' to 13.4 ug/dm' (MAC = I O ug/drri') The level of aromatic hydrocarbons benzene and toluene was below 0.2 ug/drrr' (MAC = I μg/dm'). The concentration of benzo(a)pyrenc was below 0.002 ug/drrr' (MAC= O.Ol ug/drrr'). Fluctuations of concentration were found to depend on the season and place of sampling. The results confirmed an occurrence of risk due lo the impact of trihalomethanes to health. Therefore, water ozonation has been planed to replace chlorination with ozonation in Riga City.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marite Bake
Silvija Pastare
Una Zilbere
lnese Pastare
5 Evaluation of Hydrogeochemical Stability of Jurassic Waters of Lublin Coal Basin as the Basis for Using Them in Balneology
Małgorzata Ciosmak
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2002 | vol. 28 | No 4 | 15-25
Keywords: hydrogeology Jurassic waters geodynamics hydrogeochemistry fluoride waters
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Abstract

The paper presents the result of hydrogeological studies of Lublin Coal Basin (LCB), particularly at Jurassic level. It is arranged in several parts: I) stratigraphy, tectonics and lithology of Jurassic system at LCB territory, 2) groundwater dynamics, 3) chemical composition of waters, 4) hyclrogeochemical stability conditions. The paper also suggests a few main directions of using the Jurassic waters in prophylaxis and therapy of many diseases. The waters, containing considerably elevated quantities of fluorine compounds come from Jurassic formation lying at the considerable depth. Coal mine joins them with saline Carboniferous waters. After pretreatment, they are discharged to the surface ancl to the river. Jurassic waters belong to the group of low mineralised waters. They contain 6-1 I mg F/dm3 fluorides. Thus they can be usefu I in prophylactics of teeth ancl paradental illnesses, particularly in risk groups. Thanks to, fluorides contained in these waters they can be used during and after treatment and to support surgical operations or rehabilitation effects.
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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Ciosmak
6 Toxic Influence of New Wood Preservatives on Plants Growth
Elżbieta Grabińska-Sota , Danuta Witecy
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2002 | vol. 28 | No 4 | 27-32
Keywords: fitotoxicity wood preservatives imidazolium chlorides
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Abstract

Toxic influence of two new imidazolium chlorides was examined on plants: dicotyledonous Sinapis alba Linnaeus and monocotyledonous Horde11111 vulgare Linnaeus. These compounds are meant to be new wood preservatives because of their excellent fungicidal properties. They were proved Io be less toxic 10 barley than 10 charlock. The compound 3,3'-[(2,7-dioxyoktymethylene) bis (1-oktyl)imidazolium] chloride was less fitotoxic 10 both plants than l-decyl-3-hexylotiomethylimidazolium chloride.
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Authors and Affiliations

Elżbieta Grabińska-Sota
Danuta Witecy
7 Application of Ion Chromatography for Determination of Oxyhalides Anions in Water
Rajmund Michalski
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2002 | vol. 28 | No 4 | 33-40
Keywords: desinfection by-products water analysis oxyhalides bromale
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Abstract

Disinfection of drinking water is usually carried out by chlorination process. This is a well known, effective technology, which has many advantages. however during this process dangerous for health byproducts, such as trihalornethanes as well as chlorate, chlorite and bromale arc formed. Another disinfection process. which has emerged as the most promising alternative to chlorination technique, is ozonation. In spite of undeniable advantages. there are certain undefined hazards resulting from this method of water treatment. It is especially due to formation of carcinogen bromale anions in bromide containing waters. Determination of bromale as well as other inorganic oxyhalides is usually carried out by ion chromatography with conductivity detection. The detection sensitivity can be improved by using alternative hyphenated techniques such as IC-ICPMS or IS-MS-MS. These techniques are very sensitive, but are highly sophisticated and the instrumentation is very expensive. "Post-column reactions". i.e. derivative techniques coupled with ion chromatography are a relatively cheap and good alternative. This paper is a review or the newest achievements in analytical techniques used for determination of inorganic oxyhalides by-products formed during various drinking water disinfection processes.
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Authors and Affiliations

Rajmund Michalski
ORCID: ORCID
8 Availability of Heavy Metals in Soil of Dąbrowa Górnicza to Plants
Bronisław Wyżgolik , Stanislaw Karweta , Ewa Surowiec
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2002 | vol. 28 | No 4
Keywords: heavy metals extraction
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Abstract

Elevated content or heavy metals in soils is characteristic of the Dąbrowa Górnicza region. The highest concentrations of lead. cadmium and zinc exceed herc 650, 15, and 1000 mg/kg of soil, respectively. Samples of soi I from selected sites underwent the speciation analysis with the use of the Tessier method. modified according to Kersten and Forstner. Results of the investigations proved the highest concentrations or these metals in the area of Trzebiesławice. They occur here in the strongly bound forms and, mainly, their occurrence is related to presence of limestone rocks. The greatest amounts of these metals in easily assimilable to plant forms occur within the area of the town of Dąbrowa Górnicza. The most probable source ot· most of these heavy metals in soils are here contaminants emitted by the industry, mainly by the metallurgy. In the vicinity of the town of Błędów, mainly sandy soils occur, characteristic or which is low content of considered metals. Weak sorption capacities of these soils account for relatively good cxtractability of the three metals. In soils from the Lęka area, strong binding of these metals was confirmed. Occurrence or cadmium should be of special attention because this metal occurs as built in the crystal lattice of minerals.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bronisław Wyżgolik
Stanislaw Karweta
Ewa Surowiec
9 Assessment of Clarification Efficiency of Flocculated Suspensions on the Basis of Floe Size Measurement
Bernard Połednik
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2002 | vol. 28 | No 4 | 51-55
Keywords: sedimentation process flocculation clarification efficiency
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Abstract

The theoretical dependence between flocculated suspension settling time and mass floe size has been presented. The good agreement with the experimental relation between settling time of 80% of suspension and mass median floe size was showed, which indicates the possibility of developing a new method for clarification efficiency estimation.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bernard Połednik
10 Studies on Self-purification of Mining Waters Contaminated with Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Beata Caban-Pabian
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2002 | vol. 28 | No 4 | 57-66
Keywords: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons mine water suspended matter
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Abstract

In the paper the results on self-purification of mine waters contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have been presented. Samples of waters from the .Zicrnowit" coal mine have been used. Concentrations of PAHs in the deposits and supernatant waters after selected specific periods of time were evaluated. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of 16 selected PAHs (as recommended by the USEPA) were carried out, as well as investigations on the PAH concentration changes versus time in deposits and supernatant waters. Extension of the sedimentation time resulted in increased concentrations of carcinogenic PAHs in deposits. The observed PAHs concentrations in deposits were high and comparable with these found usually in sewage sludge. Outing the whole sedimentation process sorption of compounds which are easily bounded on suspension (with log kow > 7) took place, which led do the decrease of PAH concentration in supernatant waters. 'The accumulation of PAHs in deposits and their desorption lo supernatant waters during the sedimentation process were not signi fi cant.
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Authors and Affiliations

Beata Caban-Pabian
11 Pesticides in the Superficial Waters in the Northern-Eastern Region
Katarzyna Ignatowicz-Owsieniuk
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2002 | vol. 28 | No 4 | 67-79
Keywords: pesticides herbicides Supraśl analysis
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Abstract

The presence of pesticides in natural waters of such countries as: USA, Canada, Russia, Germany, France, Swizcrland and also in the Bailie Sea and North Sea has been proved many times. The following compounds are detected most often and in largest quantities: lindan, DDT, which has not been used for many years now, Simazine, Atrazine, Chlorfenvinphos and Fenitrothion. The presence of pesticides in superficial waters in the Żuławy Wiślane region has been described many limes by Żelechowska and Makowski. Additionally, my own reserch confirmed the presence of phenoxyacetic acid herbicides in superficial waters in the northern-eastern region - in the Supraśl, Białka, Narew and Biebrza rivers. This paper presents the results of the determination of concentrations of phenoxyacetic herbicides and other pollutants in the Supraśl river. The samples were collected over a period of one year, from April 2000 to March 2001.
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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Ignatowicz-Owsieniuk
12 Planctonic Rotifera in the Collapse Pond on the Łąkawka River (Bojszowy - Jedlina)
Irena Bielańska-Grajner , Anna Niesler
Archives of Environmental Protection | 2002 | vol. 28 | No 4 | 81-88
Keywords: Collapse pond Rotifera biodiversity Trophy