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Number of results: 307
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Abstract

Extensive use of computer networks is associated with the development of various effective methods that are suitable for hiding information in the contents transferred over the network. These methods are described as network steganography. Since web applications use HTTP protocol to transmit the requests to the server and send the answers to the final recipient, specifically HTTP protocol is ideal for hiding information. For example, there are several methods that can be used to transmit the additional content in the HTTP header. In this paper, we present authors’ evaluation method for network steganography using HTTP specific properties and evaluate the effectiveness of some techniques, providing experimental results.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Buchwald
Maciej Rostański
Krystian Mączka
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Abstract

The techniques of photogrammetric reconstruction were compared to the laser scanning in the article. The different conditions and constraints were introduced for reconstructed images, e.g. different materials, lighting condition, camera resolution, number of images in the sequence or using a-pripori calibration. The authors compare the results of surface reconstruction using software tools avaliable for photogrammetric reconstruction. The analysis is preformed for the selected objects with regard to laserscanned models or mathematical models.

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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Skabek
Agnieszka Tomaka
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Abstract

In this work we provide a method for approximating the separable numerical range of a matrix. We also recall the connection between restricted numerical range and entanglement of a quantum state. We show the possibility to establish state separability using computed restricted numerical range. In particular we present a method to obtain separability criteria for arbitrary system partition with use of the separable numerical range.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Gawron
Przemysław Sadowski
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Abstract

The article presents experiments in realistic modelling of facial expressions using volume morphing. The experiments use a variable number of points and face features. As the results are shown meshes deviations (between goal mesh and morphed shape). Experiments have shown that it is impossible to carry out a fully realistic morphing based on existing software. At the same time, even imperfect morphing allows you to show the expected emotional facial expression.

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Authors and Affiliations

Przemysław Kowalski
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Abstract

The chapter deals with the issue of the risk and security management process in public administration, according to the internal audit standards and their requirements. Main legal acts and standards were specified and shortly described. Specially the risk analysis process and security measures selection were emphasized. The possibility to use the software tools for the risk analysis and security measures selection support in public administration was presented. The experiment of OSCAD usage in public administration was shortly described and its results were presented. This experiment shows that the software primarily intended for IT Security Management can be used for risk management in different area as well, for example – in public administration. Some possibilities of further development of risk management supporting tools were proposed.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jacek Bagiński
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Abstract

This paper presents integration of ultrasonic and inertial approaches in indoor navigation system. Ultrasonic navigation systems allow to obtain good results whilst there are at least three beacon transmitters in the range of mobile receiver, but in many situations placement of large number of transmitters is not economically justified. In such situations navigation must be aided by other technique. This paper describes research on supporting ultrasonic system by inertial system based on Magnetic, Angular Rate and Gravity sensor. This can measure current orientation of the receiver and allows to estimate the length of the path by pedometer functionality.

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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Tokarz
Piotr Czekalski
Wojciech Sieczkowski
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Abstract

The article contains a survey of methods of the mobile development with the FMX Application platform, which allows to build multi-platform solutions for the efficient Human-Computer Interaction. The test projects illustrate some important conclusions regarding the design and testing of mobile applications for iOS and Android operating systems. They demonstrate navigation controls designed in the skeumorphic and flat manner with some comparisons based on interviews with users in several age ranges. Test apps provide also touch gestures, sensor integration and connections to remote internet data sources. Some additional considerations about the localization and internationalization of the mobile applications built with the FMX platform were also presented. The proposed implementation of the software engineering methods for the mobile application development provides new insights, valuable for software developers dealing with the new FMX platform on iOS and Android.

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Authors and Affiliations

Zdzisław Sroczyński
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Abstract

The paper presents the result of an evaluation of the performance of different message broker system configurations, which lead to the construction of the specific architecture guidelines for such systems. The examples are provided for an exemplary middleware messaging server software - RabbitMQ, set in high availability - enabling and redundant configurations. Rabbit MQ is a message queuing system realizing the middleware for distributed systems that implements the Advanced Message Queuing Protocol. The scalability and high availability design issues are discussed and the possible cluster topologies and their impact is presented. Since HA and performance scalability requirements are in conflict, scenarios for using clustered RabbitMQ nodes and mirrored queues are interesting and have to be considered with specific workloads and requirements in mind. The results of performance measurements for some topologies are also reported in this article.

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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Rostański
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Abstract

Evaluating the image quality is a very important problem in image and video processing. Numerous methods have been proposed over the past years to automatically evaluate the quality of images in agreement with human quality judgments. The purpose of this work is to present subjective and objective quality assessment methods and their classification. Eleven widely used and recommended by International Telecommunication Union (ITU) subjective methods are compared and described. Thirteen objective method is briefly presented (including MSE, MD, PCC, EPSNR, SSIM, MS-SSIM, FSIM, MAD, VSNR, VQM, NQM, DM, and 3D-GSM). Furthermore the list of widely used subjective quality data set is provided.

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Authors and Affiliations

Sebastian Opozda
Arkadiusz Sochan
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Abstract

This paper presents novel approach to the Huffman’s asynchronous sequential circuit two valued Boolean switching system design. The algorithm is implemented as software using distributed, service oriented application model with means of the web service component design. It considers method implementation challenges, both towards Moore and Mealy structures with particular respect to the estimation of the Huffman’s minimization algorithm computational complexity. The paper provides implementation details, theoretical model estimation and experimental results that acknowledge the theoretical approach in practice. This paper also examine the multistep design process implementation and its problems inherent in web service based environment both for development and educational purposes.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Czekalski
Krzysztof Tokarz
Bolesław Pochopień
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Abstract

The paper features a comprehensive approach to risk management worked out during the ValueSec project (EU 7th Framework Programme). The motivation for research was presented, along with the course of the research, achieved project results and validation results. The methodology of risk management and a supporting tool were developed as a result of the project. They help decision makers to make complex strategic decisions about security measures. These complex decision-related problems were the reason to launch the research. The elaborated methodology is based on three pillars: assessment of the considered security measure ability to reduce risk, costs and benefits analysis with respect to the security measure application, and analysis of legal, social, cultural, and other restrictions that might impair or even destroy the efficiency of the functioning measures. In the project these restrictions are called qualitative criteria. The main added value of the ValueSec project is the elaboration of a special software module to analyse impacts of qualitative criteria on the considered measure. Based on the methodology, a ValueSec Toolset prototype was developed. The prototype was then validated in the following application domains: mass event, railway transport security, airport and air transport security, protection against flood, and protection of smart grids against cyber-attacks.

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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Białas
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Abstract

This article systematizes the experience of conducting energy audits of production facilities and municipal establishments in the form of recommendations. The purpose of the analysis is to substantiate the criteria for an effective energy audit for thermal power stations. The object of the study is the formal and regulatory content of such criteria. The subject of the analysis (a prerequisite for objectification) is the systemic relationship of formal criteria with production efficiency. Based on the experience of energetic examinations, the general requirements for the subjects of the energy audit of thermal power stations are highlighted and the general approaches and the sequence of the analytical audit are recommended. It is generalized that the restoration and improvement of thermal power stations as elements of the Ukrainian energy system are cost-effectively provided that the relations between the customer and the energy auditor are transparent and open. From the perspective of energy management, the external on-site energy examination assesses the technical and economic performance of thermal power stations in a broad, comprehensive manner, identifying shortcomings and reserves, providing forecasting and determining the main areas of a thermal power station’s operation, and improving the plant’s reputation.
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Authors and Affiliations

Volodymyr Yevtukhov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Natalya Dunaievska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dmytro Bondzyk
2
ORCID: ORCID
Danylo Yevtukhov
3
ORCID: ORCID
Oleksandr Galinskiy
4
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Thermal Energy Technology Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine
  2. Department of Solid Fuel Energy Use, Thermal Energy Technology Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Ukraine
  3. Individual Entrepreneur Danylo Volodymyrovych Yevtukhov, Ukraine
  4. Scientific Technical Center “Aeroplast”, Ukraine
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Abstract

The relevance of this study is explained by the growing interest in increasing heat transfer by the development of high-performance thermal systems. Increasing the thermal characteristics of heat-exchanger systems is necessary for the efficient use of an energy source. The purpose of this study is to review the existing methods of heat-transfer intensification and examine the mathematical model of such an increase in efficiency when using petal turbulators. This study is based on a high-quality, reliable combination of proven theoretical methods (analysis, synthesis, concretization, generalization, modelling), and empirical methods. It is the introduction of turbulators into the flow channel that is one of the best methods of increasing passive heat exchange through such advantages as ease of manufacture and operation in combination with low operating and production costs. This study contains both passive and active methods of heat-exchange intensification that have been extensively investigated over the past decade. For this purpose, the newest studies of mainly authors from other countries were used, their detailed analysis was conducted and the results were summed up. In addition, a mathematical model of increasing the thermal efficiency of convective heating surfaces in a bundle of smooth pipes using petal turbulators was investigated, the results of which were tested on an experimental installation. The paper may interest a circle of readers interested in the problem of improving the thermal characteristics of heat exchangers, including researchers, teachers and students of higher educational institutions in the field of heat-power engineering.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jiyenbeck Sugirov
1
Bibigul Atshybayeva
2
Marzhan Suimenova
1
Kulanda Shaikhiyeva
1
Gulbanu Yesbolay
1

  1. Department of Construction Engineering, Caspian University of Technology and Engineering named after Sh. Yessenov, Republic of Kazakhstan
  2. Department of Energy and Transport, Caspian University of Technology and Engineering named after Sh. Yessenov, Republic of Kazakhstan
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Abstract

The specificities of the sowing and harvesting campaign of 2022–2023 in Ukraine and its impact on the world energy and food market in the conditions of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation are analyzed in this paper. The purpose of the study is to determine the role of Ukraine in ensuring energy and global food security, to analyse the situation regarding the possibility of conducting a sowing and harvesting campaign in Ukraine in the conditions of hostilities and to provide recommendations on preserving the potential of Ukraine in meeting the energy and food needs of Ukraine and other countries. The provided analysis of data of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the State Customs Service and the State Statistics Service of Ukraine has confirmed the role of Ukraine in ensuring energy and food safety of many countries in the Middle East and North Africa, which are the main importers of agricultural products from Ukraine. It has been found that the 2022–2023 sowing and harvesting campaign in Ukraine is facing a number of problems, including: military operations over a large area, which makes it impossible to conduct agrotechnical activities in a timely manner; a lack of seed material due to its systematic destruction by the Russian military; problems with the supply of fuel and lubricants (systematic shelling and destruction of oil bases throughout Ukraine); problems with the supply of fertilizers; bombing wheat fields and food warehouses; blocking Ukrainian sea ports; mobilization of a significant part of the population in the ranks of the Armed Forces of Ukraine; logistics problems. The study proposes recommendations to preserve the potential for meeting energy and food needs in Ukraine and for countries importing agricultural products from Ukraine.
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Authors and Affiliations

Natalia Pryshliak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Vitalii Dankevych
2
ORCID: ORCID
Dina Tokarchuk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Oleksandr Shpykuliak
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Administrative Management and Alternative Energy Sources, Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Vunnytsia, Ukraine
  2. Faculty of Law Public Administration and National Security, Polissya National University, Ukraine
  3. National Scientific Center “Institute of Agrarian Economics”, Ukraine
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Abstract

As a result of the development of industrial organic synthesis, the output of secondary processes in oil processing is becoming increasingly diverse. Production volume is a nodal indicator that is limited by the available production capacity, equipment configuration and the monetary equivalent of energy costs. In order to determine the technological potential and cost of produced petroleum products, it is necessary to create a complex that includes all stages of production. The most important criterion for evaluating the energy efficiency of an oil refinery is the relative energy consumption, which depends on its complexity. This criterion can be presented as a set of the different types of energy resources used in the course of production and applied to the total production. For this purpose, the energy resources invested in the given technology should be referred to a finished product or raw material. The peculiarity of oil refineries is that, due to the variety of oil derivatives, energy consumption, as a set of different installations, is much more appropriate to relate not to individual target products but to the amount of processed oil. In practice, all types of energy carriers must be converted to an equivalent value. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the energy costs of oil refineries. The collection of energy flows of different types and dimensions is the subject of the present study. Based on this, a method is presented that allows a comparison of the energy efficiency of refineries with different capacity and configuration of crude oil processing stages based on the energy index and the equivalent distillation performance.
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Authors and Affiliations

Konstantin Vasilev Kostov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ivan Ivov Ivanov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Koycho Tonchev Atanasov
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manufacturing and Thermal Engineering, Technical University of Sofia, Faculty of Engineering and Pedagogy of Sliven, Bulgaria
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Abstract

This paper investigates the relationship between energy use and economic development in five South-Asian countries using national-level panel data from 1990 to 2014. Although many studies have already addressed the nexus between energy consumption and economic growth, there is a mixed finding. According to many researchers, South Asian countries have expanded energy consumption since the 1990s. Therefore, energy consumption as a variable for a specific period is considered for the countries of Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Furthermore, foreign direct investment (FDI) and international trade (IT) are also considered to be related variables in this study. Pooled ordinary least squares, random effects, and fixed effects estimation techniques are used to provide a reliable estimation, offsetting the country fixed effects. The fixed effect model is the most effective model that reveals the association between electricity usage and growth factors, as per the specification test and Hausman test. A statistically significant correlation was found between international trade, FDI, economic growth, and power usage. FDI has the highest impact on the rising power demand, followed by global commerce and per capita GDP (gross domestic product). More specifically, the study findings reveal that increased power consumption causes more investment, which results in increased economic growth in South Asian countries. The findings of the study further show that FDI significantly impacted upon power consumption and the area of SAARC’s energy demand, resulting in the entry of new technology and an increase in both economic growth and energy consumption. Future policies may focus on investment in the energy sector to promote economic development.
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Authors and Affiliations

Sabrina Akter Nishat
1
ORCID: ORCID
Zobayer Ahmed
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Omar Faruque
3
ORCID: ORCID
Kamrul Hasan
1
ORCID: ORCID
Arafat Hossain
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Department of Economics & Banking, International Islamic University Chittagong, Bangladesh
  2. Department of Economics, Selcuk University, Turkey
  3. Department of Economics, Stamford University Bangladesh, Bangladesh
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Abstract

The discovery story of photovoltaic cells is entirely typical. Chance played a role in it, and before it went to the average user, it first served the army. In addition, as with the discovery of electricity, there are many scientists and more than 100 years of technological development behind how modern photovoltaic cells and solar panels work. The first photovoltaic panels were able to power, at most, a radio. Today their power allows for the production of energy for the entire household. Technology is continuously developing, and the hence achieved efficiency keeps growing. Modern silicon solar cells of large photovoltaic farms power thousands of buildings, and this installation can be seen more and more often. This article describes the development of the use of solar energy since ancient times and the comprehensive history of the invention of the photovoltaic cell, starting with the discovery of the photoelectric effect by Edmond Becquerel in 1839 to the achievement of nearly 50% efficiency under laboratory conditions. The advances in photovoltaic cell efficiency and the price of energy production per watt over the years are also shown. Examples of the first applications of photovoltaics are given, and profiles of figures who contributed to the development of solar technology are introduced. The considerable influence of Polish scientists on the development of the photovoltaic cell is also highlighted. Without them, this method of obtaining energy would perhaps not be at high levelh level today.
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Authors and Affiliations

Adam Starowicz
1
Paulina Rusanowska
1
Marcin Zieliński
1

  1. Environmental Engineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland
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Abstract

The relevance of this study is due to the fact that the presented object of scientific work, namely 6–10 kV overhead lines, plays an important role in the process of providing electrical energy to consumers of the oil industry. The aim of the work is a detailed analysis of the reliability of overhead lines which are exploited in the difficult natural and climatic conditions of the Caspian region and Mangyshlak and the introduction of effective modeling tools for overhead lines. The methods used include the analytical method, theoretical method, logical analysis method, functional method, statistical method, synthesis method and others. In the course of the study, the natural and climatic conditions of the Atyrau region and their differences were noted and the reliability of the power supply systems was also analyzed. The most damaged elements of industrial power supply systems and their part of failures were identified in comparison with other elements of the power supply system. It was determined that the electrical power sector plays a crucial role in the oil and gas sector by determining the solution of the production tasks of all departments which have a significant impact on the formation of economic indicators. The practical value of the revealed results is that they will help to highlight the problems of operational reliability of the 6–10 kV overhead lines, considering the various natural and climatic factors, which in turn will help to change the power supply scheme and increase the resistance to external influences.
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Authors and Affiliations

Vladimir Yashkov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Akmaral Konarbaeva
1
ORCID: ORCID
Nasikhan Dzhumamukhambetov
2
ORCID: ORCID
Esengeldy Arystanaliev
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dyussembek Kulzhanov
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Petrochemical Engineering and Ecology named after N.K. Nadirov, Atyrau Oil and Gas University named after S. Utebayev, Republic of Kazakhstan
  2. Department of Electric Power Supply, S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Republic of Kazakhstan
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Abstract

Current practice of waste generation and management in Ukraine has led to an increase in the area of landfills and a loss of the beneficial potential of waste. Today, territorial communities in Ukraine have received enormous new powers within the framework of decentralization, in particular, waste management is now under their jurisdiction. In order to implement the National Waste Management Strategy in Ukraine 2030 and the National Waste Management Plan 2030, communities need to activate the areas of effective disposal of household solid waste (HSW), and for this purpose it is necessary to take into account European norms and standards in this area, as well as share successful Ukrainian and foreign experience. The aim of the study is to analyze a successful case of waste management of a separate community in Ukraine (Illintsi United Territorial Community) as an example for other communities, as well as to develop guidelines for bioenergy recycling of waste in the community under the study with the production of RDF fuel and biogas in order to provide energy resources and improve the condition of the environment. To achieve this goal, there were used the following methods: monographic, deductive, inductive, analysis and synthesis, economic analysis, graphic and tabular, statistical, as well as the case-study method. The conducted research confirmed the growth of waste generation volumes in Ukraine and their limited beneficial use. The developed recommendations on the improvement of the household solid waste management based on the successful case of Illintsi Territorial Community and proposals for organizing the production of RDF fuel and biogas can become a strong basis for the development of communities on the basis of sustainability.
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Authors and Affiliations

Inna Honcharuk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Dina Tokarchuk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yaroslav Gontaruk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Halyna Hreshchuk
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Vinnytsia National Agrarian University, Ukraine
  2. Lviv National University of Nature Management, Ukraine
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Abstract

Accelerating the transition of the energy sector to ecologically clean energetics using renewable energy technologies will ensure the security of the energy sector of the European Union based on highly energy-efficient and cost-effective technologies for generating heat and electricity. The aim of the study is to assess the economic and ecological aspects of the implementation of renewable energy technologies in Ukraine based on the analysis of trends in the transformation of both the global and the European energy sector. The approach proposed in this article makes it possible to reasonably determine the prospects for the use of environmentally safe energy-saving technologies using renewable energy sources. The analysis of the economic and environmental aspects of energy production based on renewable energy technologies, the condition of development and directions of transformation of the European energy sector is illustrated on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of the efficiency of the use of energy- and resource-saving, environmentally safe and cost-effective innovative technologies of non-traditional and renewable energy sources. This is achieved through the use of a comprehensive generalized dimensionless criterion of energy- ecological-economic efficiency of innovative technologies with the aim of increasing the level of energy-economic efficiency and environmental safety of the energy sector. According to this approach, it is determined that the effective integration of a certain energy- and resource-saving, environmentally safe and economically efficient innovative technology using renewable sources in Ukraine is possible.
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Authors and Affiliations

Viktor Koval
1
ORCID: ORCID
Olga Ostapenko
2
ORCID: ORCID
Olha Halushchak
3
ORCID: ORCID
Piotr Olczak
4
ORCID: ORCID
Kateryna Dobrovolska
5
ORCID: ORCID
Sergey Kaptalan
6
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Izmail State of University of Humanities, Ukraine
  2. Vinnytsia National Technical University, Ukraine
  3. Ternopil Ivan Puluj National University, Ukraine
  4. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
  5. National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, Ukraine
  6. Odessa National Economic University, Ukraine
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Abstract

In these times of the climate crisis surrounding us, the improvement of technologies responsible for the emission of the largest amounts of greenhouse gases is necessary and increasingly required by top-down regulations. As the sector responsible to a large extent for global logistics and supply chains, the fuel sector is one of the most studied in terms of reducing its harmful impact. The development of the next generations of fuels and biofuels, produced by companies using increasingly modern, cleaner and sustainable technologies, is able to significantly reduce the amount of greenhouse gases released into the atmosphere. In this case, the most effective solution seems to be the use of closed loops. Due to their low, often zero emission balance and the possibility of using waste to produce materials that can be reused, a circular economy is used in many sectors of the economy, while ensuring the emission purity of technological processes. One of the innovative solutions proposed in recent years is the installation created as part of the BioRen project, implemented under the Horizon 2020 program. The cooperation of European institutes with companies from the SME sector has resulted in the creation of an experimental cycle of modern technologies for the production of second-generation biofuels. The project involves the processing of municipal solid waste into second-generation drop-in biofuels. The entire process scheme assumes, in addition to the production of biofuels, the processing of inorganic fractions, the production of carbon material for the production of thermal energy, and the simultaneous treatment of wastewater.
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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Jan Plata
1
ORCID: ORCID
Agnieszka Nowaczek
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Chemistry Department, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
  2. Mineral and Energy Economy Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

This article is intended to determine the features of public management and the development process of the energy supply system of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Today, the sustainable development of the country’s economy depends directly on the energy sector. Modern society and industry are completely dependent on a stable power supply and today, energy is considered the most important component of the life support of the country’s population. The country’s electrical power industry needs new large-scale investments and promising development. To do this, in the near future, the state needs to consider ways to solve problems that have arisen. The purpose of the study is to consider the elements of public administration and the evolution of the energy supply system in Kazakhstan, as well as public administration systems in other countries, such as the USA, Norway, Great Britain, and the Russian Federation. In the article, with the help of SWOT analysis and scientific analysis, the factors of development of the country’s energy industry are considered.
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Authors and Affiliations

Beimbet Mussin
1
ORCID: ORCID
Zukhra Mussina
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Management, Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Kazakhstan
  2. Almaty Technological University, Kazakhstan
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Abstract

Scientists are focusing on the introduction of various types of renewable energy sources and the liberalization of energy markets in the regions of the country. The problems of preventing the achievement of goals and various strategies to achieve maximum energy conservation and overcoming the current economic and environmental crisis in Ukraine also remain unresolved. We can observe the experience of the leading countries in the electricity sector, which proves that reforming the electricity sector in Ukraine is inevitable. This, in turn, is a critical factor in stimulating economic and social growth and improving the competitiveness of the regions of Ukraine. Given the above, the necessity for the study of the level of efficiency (competitiveness) and the functioning of the regional energy markets of Ukraine is obvious.
This study shows that the efficiency of electricity in the western region is relatively low due to the lack of competition, the presence of an ineffective system of subsidizing the population with cheap resources, the non-transparency of trade operations, excessive regulation of state generation, the lack of a “balanced” system of market functioning, etc.
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Authors and Affiliations

Kostiantyn Pavlov
1
ORCID: ORCID
Olena Pavlova
1
ORCID: ORCID
Taras Kotsko
2
ORCID: ORCID
Oksana Novosad
1
ORCID: ORCID
Lubomyr Matiychuk
3
ORCID: ORCID
Antonina Tomashevska
4
ORCID: ORCID
Oleksandr Shabala
1
ORCID: ORCID
Nadia Pylypiv
5
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Ukraine
  2. National Technical University of Ukraine “Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Politechnic Institute”, Ukraine
  3. Ternopil Ivan Puluj National Technical University, Ukraine
  4. Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ukraine
  5. Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk Ukraine, Ukraine
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Abstract

Ensuring access to sustainable, affordable and clean energy sources is a top priority of the global energy agenda. It is reflected in the seventh goal of the UN Sustainable Development Agenda with the three dimensions of economic growth, social inclusion and environmental protection. The seventh goal is aimed at providing the sustainable development of energy systems whilst taking into account these dimensions. To assess the development trends of national energy systems within the framework of the global energy agenda, certain methods of quantitative measurement have acquired particular relevance. Approaches to assessing energy security mainly depend on the interpretation of the “energy security” concept. The main methods for the integrated assessment of the energy security of states are generally compiled by international organizations. An important indicator for the measurement of the sustainable development of energy systems is the Energy Trilemma Index, built within the framework of the “energy trilemma” concept. It allows quantifying the ability of states to ensure energy security, energy equity and environmental sustainability, taking into account the national context.
Special attention is paid to the analysis of the energy systems of Russia, Kazakhstan and Armenia through the Energy Trilemma Index 2022. The studied countries actively participate in the integration processes in the Eurasian and post-Soviet space. Thus, the analysis of the Energy Trilemma Index 2022 allows us to become acquainted with the main trends of the energy sector development in the Eurasian space, exploring the conjuncture of energy markets and their main challenges. The study of the energy systems of Russia, Kazakhstan and Armenia through the energy trilemma index enables the identification the methodological significance of the index for assessing the sustainable development of national energy systems. The practical relevance of the index in the formation of the state energy policy for the sustainable development of the energy systems has also been emphasized.
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Authors and Affiliations

Vahe Davtyan
1
ORCID: ORCID
Silva Khachikyan
1
ORCID: ORCID
Yulia Valeeva
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Russian-Armenian (Slavonic) University, Yerevan, Armenia
  2. Kazan State Power Engineering University, Kazan, Russia

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