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Number of results: 7
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Abstract

The paper depicts some negative consequences of the attempts of history comprehension. In the light of the settlements of the contemporary psychology such attempts lead to the biases in historical cognition results.
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Maciej Dymkowski
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

The article presents some possibilities and limitations of the general psychological knowledge utilization in the causal explanation in history based on the probabilistic model.
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Maciej Dymkowski
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

The paper depicts the relations between historian person and history cognition, especially the influence of his mind inclinations to cognitive biases on narrative.
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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Dymkowski
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

Specyfika podejścia Karla Jaspersa do sposobów poznania człowieka ujawniła się już w pierwszym okresie jego działalności, w pracach psychopatologicznych, w których rozumienie, uważane za metodę nauk humanistycznych, występowało łącznie z wyjaśnianiem – metodą stosowaną na gruncie nauk przyrodniczych. Stosunek Jaspersa do obu tych metod badawczych zmieniał się wraz z nasilaniem się jego wątpliwości co do możliwości naukowej wiedzy o człowieku. W pracach psychopatologicznych rozumienie i wyjaśnianie odnosiły się do dwóch aspektów choroby psychicznej i były uzupełniane o opis fenomenologiczny. Natomiast w psychologii światopoglądów rozumienie oddzieliło się od wyjaśniania i nabrało nowego znaczenia. Uznane zostało za podstawowy element ludzkiego świata. O ile psychologia rozumiejąca stosowana w pracach psychopatologicznych Jaspersa miała wiele wspólnego z socjologią rozumiejącą Maxa Webera, a rozumienie, stanowiące jej podstawową metodę, polegało na poszukiwaniu związków sensu w przeżyciach chorego człowieka, o tyle w psychologii światopoglądów rozumienie było bliższe tradycji jego ujmowania wywodzącej się od Wilhelma Diltheya. Ta zmiana wiązała się z ukierunkowaniem refleksji Jaspersa nad człowiekiem na wolność (egzystencję), której nie da się uprzedmiotowić.

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Iwona Alechnowicz-Skrzypek
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Abstract

The paper presents the mainstream methodological reflection in the field of art history, shaped by the reception of Karl Popper’s philosophy of critical rationalism from the 1940s to the 1980s. A key role in this process was played by various attempts to respond to the deductive-nomological model of scientific explanation. Referring to Popper’s ideas, Gombrich developed the project of deductive iconology, associated with the conventionalist approach to the principles of image representation and communication. In dialogue with Gombrich’s views, alternative and mutually contradictory versions of the adaptation of the DN model for the methodological explanation of images were put forward by Oskar Bätschmann and Michael Baxandall. Michael Fried and Norman Bryson proposed opposing versions of viewing the image as a form of response to the objective and fundamentally fixed initial conditions of contact with the viewer. The divergence and incommensurability of the methods of art history facing Popper’s methodology revealed the inherent paradox of the notion of fact, on the one hand treated realistically and opposed to theories, and on the other depending on the interpretive perspective and theoretical assumptions.
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Authors and Affiliations

Stanisław Czekalski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
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Abstract

This interview with Paul Roth was conducted after a symposium dedicated to his latest book The Philosophical Structure of Historical Explanation, which took place at the European Network for Philosophy of Social Sciences conference on August 30, 2019. This interview is authorised. Translation from English and all footnotes – Piotr Kowalewski Jahromi.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Kowalewski Jahromi
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

The main goal of this paper is to present a fully developed concept of Paul A. Roth’s philosophy of history to the Polish reader. Of course, it is just an introduction, but with the interview it should be a good starting point for further analysis. These seem desirable given Roth’s very ambitious programme, which in addition is based on “old facts”; that is, an analytical philosophy of history and science. The rapprochement between the two “visions” is not only a philosophical consideration, but also responds to the often-raised voices of practitioners. This introduction refers primarily to Roth’s latest book, indicating a possible interpretation. This “reading” is conducted by indicating the historical context, recalling philosophical analyses and determining the validity of the proposed solutions in order to decide how much science there is in history and vice versa.

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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Kowalewski Jahromi
ORCID: ORCID

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