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Number of results: 43
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Abstract

This paper reports a new strand wire winding method in a solenoidal coil with limited geometry that enables good impedance matching. In the proposed method strand wires are wound layer-by-layer on top of each other allowing one to set equivalent inductance and resistance of the coil to desired values while obtaining dense magnetic flux and high current carrying capacity. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, simple model setups were constructed with solenoidal coils composed of copper wire strands wound according to the proposed method, and a plastic pipe. The measurements were repeated with a metal shell placed inside the coil to model a complete heating system. System inductance and resistance were measured at two different frequencies. The results show that with the new winding method it is possible to increase a coil’s turn number and the number of strand layers composed by the coil. Also, adding and removing strand layers in the proposed coil architectures enable inductance and resistance values to decrease and increase, respectively, in a controlled way. To understand changes of system parameters, simulations were also performed. The calculated inductance and resistance values in the simulations agree well with the measurement results and magnetic flux distribution created in the system demonstrates the changes.
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Authors and Affiliations

Veli Tayfun Kilic
1

  1. Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri, Turkiye
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Abstract

The paper discusses a theoretical and an experimental analyses of steel wire drawing in conical drawing dies with a varying length of the die sizing portion. The theoretical analysis was performed in the Drawing 2D, where the wire temperature and drawing stress were determined. The theoretical study was verified by the measurement of drawing force under laboratory conditions and by industrial multi-stage drawing tests carried out under commercial conditions. A relationship has been shown to exist between die sizing portion length and wire temperature and drawing stress.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Suliga
M. Jabłońska
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Abstract

The paper presents a new method for measuring the strain and load of wire ropes guide using fiber optic sensors with Bragg gratings. Its principle consists in simultaneous fiber optic measurement of longitudinal strain of the rope and transverse strain of the bolt fixing the rope. The tensometric force transducers which have been used so far were only able to determine the load in the head securing the rope through an indirect measurement using a special strain insert. They required calibration, compensation of temperature changes, as well as periodic checking and calibration. The head fastening the rope required significant design changes. Measurement based on fiber optic sensors does not have these drawbacks and is characterized by a much higher accuracy and safety of measurements, because the working medium is light. The fastening head does not change. The measurement of the rope load may be based on the change of strain value or indirectly by means of measuring the deflection of the bolt fixing the rope holder. The proposed solution consists in placing the optical fiber with Bragg grating inside the bolt. It enables continuous measurements with a frequency of 2 kHz. A special test bench was built at the Research and Supervisory Centre of Underground Mining. Testing on guide ropes was carried out in a mining hoist in the Piast mine.
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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Juraszek
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Abstract

In the paper an analysis of the influence of two parameters on the die wear, i.e. the shape of the die and the backpull with the specified force values has been presented. The conical and curve-profile tools have been selected to determine an influence of the die geometry on its wear, and the backpull force has been tested with the use of conical dies. The research was conducted for the drawing of copper wire by sintered carbide die with a mesh diameter of 3 mm. A fixed draw value of 30% relative gap loss was assumed. The axisymmetric numerical model of the drawing process was built and modeled in the MARC/Mentat commercial program for nonlinear and contact issues. As a result of the tests, wear of the dies according to their shape was determined. In addition, for the conical die the drawing force and the force of the metal pressure on the die using different values of the force of the contraction were calculated, as well as wear of the conical die according to the value of the applied backpull force. It has been shown that in the case of the arc die, the distribution of pressure and stress is more uniform over the entire length of the contact zone compared to the conical die. The highest stress gradients occurred in the area of the transition of the crushing part into the drawing part of the die, which caused that the use of the conical die in this area was more than twice as large as the arc die. In addition, on the example of a conical die, it was shown to what extent the depth of its wear decreases with an increase of the test pull force in the range (0-400) of Newtons.

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Authors and Affiliations

I. Nowotyńska
S. Kut
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Abstract

An analysis of the effect of drawing speed on the formation of a zinc coating in the multi-stage fine steel wire drawing process has been carried out in the article. Pre-hardened 2.2 mm-diameter material was drawn into 1.00 mm-diameter wire in 6 draws on a multi-stage drawing machine. The drawing process was carried out at a drawing speed of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 20 m/s, respectively. Mechanical tests were tests were performed for the final wires to determine their yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, uniform and total elongation and reduction in area. The thickness of the zinc coating on the wire surface was determined by the gravimetric method and based on metallographic examination. The use of electron scanning microscopy, on the other hand, enabled the identification of individual phases in the zinc coating. The above investigations were supplemented with corrosion testing of 1.00 mm-diameter wires. It has been demonstrated that drawing speed significantly influences not only the thickness of the zinc coating on the drawn wire surface, buts also its morphology and corrosion resistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Suliga
R. Wartacz
H. Kania
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Abstract

Nano-sized yttria (Y2O3) powders were synthesized by a polymer solution route using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as an organic carrier. The PVA polymer affected the dispersion of yttrium ions in precursor sol. In this study, three kinds of PVA polymer (different molecular weight) were applied for synthesis of yttria powder. The PVA type as well as calcination temperature had a strongly influence on the particle morphology. Single crystal nano wire particles were observed at the temperature of polymer burn out range and the size was dependent on the PVA type. The stable, fully crystallized yttria powder was obtained through the calcination at 800°C for 1 h. The yttria powder prepared with the high weight PVA (MW: 153,000) revealed a particle size of 30 nm with a surface area of 18.8 m2/g.

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Authors and Affiliations

Y.-K. Yang
S.-J. Lee
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Abstract

The reverse bending and straightening test is conducted on wires used for civil engineering applications to detect laminations which can pose a threat to the integrity of the wires. The FE simulations of the reverse bending and straightening of wires with laminations revealed that the reverse bending and straightening test is only effective in revealing or detecting near-surface laminations with lengths from 25 mm located up to 30% of the wire’s thickness and may not be an effective test to detect mid-thickness, near-mid-thickness, and short near-surface laminations with lengths below 15 mm. This is because wires with mid-thickness, near-mid-thickness and short near-surface laminations will pass through the reverse bending and straightening procedures without fracturing and therefore mid-thickness, near-mid-thickness and short near-surface laminations may go undetected. Consequently, other in-line non destructive testing methods might have to be used to detect mid-thickness, near-mid-thickness and short near-surface laminations in the wires.

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Authors and Affiliations

K.K. Adewole
S.J. Bull
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Abstract

This paper presents a numerical investigation of the effects of lamination orientation on the fracture behaviour of rectangular steel wires for civil engineering applications using finite element (FE) analysis. The presence of mid-thickness across-the-width lamination changes the cup and cone fracture shape exhibited by the lamination-free wire to a V-shaped fracture with an opening at the bottom/pointed end of the V-shape at the mid-thickness across-the-width lamination location. The presence of mid-width across-the-thickness lamination changes the cup and cone fracture shape of the lamination-free wire without an opening to a cup and cone fracture shape with an opening at the lamination location. The FE fracture behaviour prediction approach adopted in this work provides an understanding of the effects of lamination orientation on the fracture behaviour of wires for civil engineering applications which cannot be understood through experimental investigations because it is impossible to machine laminations in different orientations into wire specimens.

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Authors and Affiliations

K.K. Adewole
S.J. Bull
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Abstract

The paper is concerned with an analysis of behaviour of the cableway. On the basis of design data and results of adequate experiments, a physical model of cableway was formulated. The static of cableway was developed assuming a full nonlinear model based on elastic catenary curve. The tension of the rope and the reactive forces between the rope and the supports were calculated. Assuming various loadings of the rope, the relation between the tension in bottom and upper stations and the length of the rope was determined. The model describing the motion of the system is linear. Finite elements were used to formulate the model. Two methods of accelerating the system were investigated.

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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Kowal
Jacek Snamina
Andrzej Podsiadło
Jarosław Konieczny
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Abstract

This paper presents the current study of the distribution of stresses for four-point contact wire race ball bearing. The main aim of this article is to define the most important geometrical rules in a wire-race bearing. The results for bearings of different geometrical parameters are presented. In the study, one also estimates the distribution of internal pressure in particular bearing elements.

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Bibliography

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[11] You Hui-yuan, Zhu Chun-xi, and Li Wu-Xing. Contact analysis on large negative clearance four-point contact ball bearing. Procedia Engineering, 37:174–178, 2012. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2012.04.222.
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[15] R. Lostado, R.F. Martinez, and B.J. Mac Donald. Determination of the contact stresses in double-row tapered roller bearings using the finite element method, experimental analysis and analytical models. J ournal of Mechanical Science and Technology, 29(11):4645–4656, 2015. doi: 10.1007/s12206-015-1010-4.
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Authors and Affiliations

Dominik Gunia
1
Tadeusz Smolnicki
1

  1. Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Poland
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Abstract

The paper aims to review the corrosion properties of selected aluminum alloys applied in the automotive industry which are used in heat exchangers, bodyworks and car wires. Particular attention was focused on application of selected chemical compounds which added to corrosive environment in certain amounts lead to decrease of corrosion rate of protected aluminium alloy. Considered different environmental conditions which are simulating real vehicle exploitation. At review analyzed ability to application mentioned compounds on automotive parts, because there is needed fill of following requirements: environmentally friendly, relatively inexpensive and characterized by long-term performance under certain conditions. Main conclusion of review is that there are needed extension of research regarding to application of inhibitive compounds especially on the surface of cars wires.
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Authors and Affiliations

K. Jakóbczak
1
ORCID: ORCID
R. Kowalik
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. UST AGH University of Science and Technology in Kraków, Faculty of Non-Ferrous Metals, Department of Physical Chemistry and Metallurgy of Non-Ferrous Metals, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
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Abstract

As we enter the 5G (5th-Generation) era, the amount of information and data has become increasingly tremendous. Therefore, electronic circuits need to have higher chip density, faster operating speed and better signal quality of transmission. As the carrier of electronic components, the design difficulty of high-speed PCB (Printed Circuit Board) is also increasing. Equal-length wiring is an essential part of PCB design. But now, it can no longer meet the needs of designers. Accordingly, in view of the shortcomings of the traditional equal-length wiring, this article proposes two optimization ways: the ”spiral wiring” way and the ”double spiral wiring” way. Based on the theoretical analysis of the transmission lines, the two optimization ways take the three aspects of optimizing the layout and wiring space, suppressing crosstalk and reducing reflection as the main points to optimize the design. Eventually, this article performs simulation and verification of schematic diagram and PCB of the optimal design by using HyperLynx simulation software. The simulation results show that these two ways not only improve the flexibility of the transmission line layout, but also improve the signal integrity of the transmission lines. Of course, this also proves the feasibility and reliability of the two optimized designs.
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Bibliography

[1] Gong Yonglin. The hot spots of printed circuit technology in 2020. Printed Circuit Information, 28(2):1–11, 2020.
[2] Myeonghoon Oh, Youngwoo Kim, Hag Young Kim, Young Kyun Kim, and Jinsung Kim. Wire optimization and delay reduction for highperformance on-chip interconnection in gals systems. Etri Journal, 39(4):582–591, 2017.
[3] YuanWei-Qun, Song Jian-Yuan, Chen Shi-Rong, Suntak Technology Co, and LTD. Research and optimization design of high-speed pcb based on signal integrity. Journal of Guangdong University of Technology, 36(6):74–79, 2019.
[4] L.W.; Zhao Z.L. Yang, C.Z.; De. Research on signal integrity in high speed digital pcb board design. Automation and Instrumentation, (9):1– 4, 2018.
[5] YuanWei-Qun, Song Jian-Yuan, Chen Shi-Rong, Suntak Technology Co, and LTD. Research and optimization design of high-speed pcb based on signal integrity. Journal of Guangdong University of Technology, 36(6):74–79, 2019.
[6] Zhang Min. Signal integrity and design optimization of high speed parallel bus interface. Wireless Internet Technology, 15(6):3–4, 2019.
[7] Nastaran Soleimani, Mohammad G H Alijani, and Mohammad Hassan Neshati. Crosstalk analysis of multi-microstrip coupled lines using transmission line modeling. International Journal of Rf and Microwave Computer-aided Engineering, 29(6), 2019.
[8] Y.; Wen C.L. Yong, J.H.; Ting. PADS software foundation and application examples. Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2019.
[9] Teng Li. A study on si simulation of high-speed interconnection channel. Electronics and Packaging, 18(12):37–40, 2018.
[10] H. Sasaki, M. Kanazawa, T. Sudo, A. Tomishima, and T. Kaneko. New frequency dependent target impedance for ddr3 memory system. pages 1–4, 2011.
[11] C. Liao, B. Mutnury, C. Chen, and Y. Lee. Pcb stack-up design and optimization for next generation speeds. In 2016 IEEE 25th Conference on Electrical Performance Of Electronic Packaging And Systems (EPEPS), pages 155–158, 2016.
[12] Nastaran Soleimani, Mohammad GH Alijani, and Mohammad H Neshati. Crosstalk analysis at near-end and far-end of the coupled transmission lines based on eigenvector decomposition. AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 112:152944, 2019.
[13] X. Ye and C. Ye. Transmission lines and basic signal integrity. In 2018 IEEE Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Signal Integrity and Power Integrity (EMC, SI PI), pages 1–51, 2018.
[14] Wang Xiaojing, Ye Ming, and Ma Yan. Research crosstalk between parallel interconnects. Electronic Measurement Technology, 2015.
[15] J. Fan, X. Ye, J. Kim, B. Archambeault, and A. Orlandi. Signal integrity design for high-speed digital circuits: Progress and directions. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 52(2):392–400, 2010.
[16] Dong Zhang, L. I. Qiong, and Qianqin Qin. Application of simulation analysis based on ibis model to sdram pcb design. Journal of Wuhan University, 2011.
[17] A. K. Pandey. Power-aware signal integrity analysis of ddr4 data bus in onboard memory module. In 2016 IEEE 20th Workshop on Signal and Power Integrity (SPI), pages 1–4, 2016.
[18] Nastaran Soleimani, Mohammad GH Alijani, and Mohammad H Neshati. Crosstalk analysis of multi-microstrip coupled lines using transmission line modeling. International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer-Aided Engineering, 29(6):e21677, 2019.
[19] S. M¨uller, T. Reuschel, R. Rimolo-Donadio, Y. H. Kwark, H. Br¨uns, and C. Schuster. Energy-aware signal integrity analysis for high-speed pcb links. IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 57(5):1226– 1234, 2015.
[20] Jie Tang, Yi Gong, and Zhen Guo Yang. Failure analysis on cracking of blind and buried vias of printed circuit board for high-end mobile phones. Soldering and Surface Mount Technology, 31(4), 2019.
[21] Liu Lu, Cao Yuesheng, and Duo Ruihua. Design and realization of high-density fdr interconnection switch board. Computer Engineering, (6):3, 2016.
[22] M S Al Salameh and M M Ababneh. Selecting printed circuit board parameters using swarm intelligence to minimize crosstalk between adjacent tracks. International Journal of Numerical Modelling-electronic Networks Devices and Fields, 28(1):21–32, 2015.
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Authors and Affiliations

Kaixing Cheng
1
Zhongqiang Luo
1
Xingzhong Xiong
1
Xiaohan Wei
1

  1. Artificial Intelligence Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Yibin, China
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Abstract

The paper focuses on the investigation of AISI 302 steel wire of different initial diameters, in solutionized condition. Three different drawing schedules were realized, starting from three different diameters, where two smaller-gauge wires were obtained by drawing of large-diameter wire and applying solution heat treatment to the product. However, the drawing schedules were carried out with almost the same total reduction and similar partial reductions. The measurement of drawing force was performed for each drawing pass, and the samples of wire were taken after each pass. The samples were then tested to obtain a set of mechanical and technological properties, as well as the distribution of Vickers hardness on wire cross section. Finally, the effect of different history of deformation and heat treatment on drawing process stability and final properties of drawn wires was discussed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Rumiński
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. AGH University of Krakow , Faculty of Metals Engineering and Industrial Computer Science, Al. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Krakow , Poland
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Abstract

The paper discusses experimental studies to determine the effect of the die working portion angle on the lubrication conditions, zinc coating thickness and the mechanical properties of medium-carbon steel wires. The test material was 5.5 mm-diameter wire rod which was drawn into 2.2 mm-diameter wire in seven draws at a drawing speed of v = 10 m/s. Conventional drawing dies of a working portion angle of α = 3, 4, 5, 6, 7°, respectively, were used for the drawing process. After the drawing process, the quantity of the lubricant on the wire surface and the thickness of the zinc coating were determined in individual draws. Testing the finished 2.2 mm-diameter wires for mechanical properties, on the other hand, determined the effect of the die working portion on the yield point, tensile strength, uniform and total elongation, reduction in area, the number of twists and the number of bends.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Suliga
R. Wartacz
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Abstract

New materials require the use of advanced technology in manufacturing parts of complex shape. One of the modern non-conventional technology of manufacturing difficult to cut materials is the wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM). The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental research in the influence of the WEDM conditions and parameters on the shape deviation during a rough cut. A numerical model of the dielectric flow in the gap (ANSYS) was developed. The influence of the dielectric velocity field in the gap on the debris evacuation and stability of WEDM process was discussed. Furthermore, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to build empirical models for influence of the wire speed Vd, wire tension force Fn, the volume flow rate of the dielectric Qv on the flatness deviation after the WEDM.

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Authors and Affiliations

R. Świercz
D. Oniszczuk-Świercz
J. Zawora
M. Marczak
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Abstract

Both corrosion and abrasion remove materials from some engineering components such as impact coal crusher hammers, pulverizer rings, chute liner, and rolls or molds. Intensive research has been done on improving the wear resistance of high chromium alloys, however, studies into corrosion resistance of high chromium alloys are insufficient. In order to determine the amount of ferroniobium addition in the wire to achieve the best corrosion resistance, and find out the mechanism of ferroniobium enhancing the corrosion resistance of the welding overlays, the high-Cr iron-based welding overlays with different niobium addition were fabricated by using self-made self-shielded metal-cored wires and their acidic corrosion resistance in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution + 0.01 mol/L HCl solution were investigated by electrochemical corrosion test. The microstructure and corrosion morphology were characterized by OM, SEM, XRD and EDS. The polarization curves and values of I corr, E corr and Rc indicate the corrosion resistance is at the highest with 3.6 wt.% niobium addition, and at the lowest when the niobium addition is 10.8 wt.%. The corrosion of welding overlay occurs in the matrix of microstructure. With the increase of niobium addition from 3.6 wt.% to 10.8 wt.%, the proportion of network eutectic structure in the welding overlay is increased. Up to 10.8 wt.%, the microstructure is transformed from hypereutectic structure into eutectic one, leading to a higher acceleration of corrosion rate. When niobium addition reaches 14.4 wt.%, the welding overlay is transformed into a hypoeutectic structure. The addition of niobium element consumes carbon element in the alloy, which makes the increase of chromium content in the final solidified matrix, leading to an improvement in corrosion resistance.
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Authors and Affiliations

Dashuang Liu
1 2 3
Yucheng Wu
1
Weimin Long
2 4
Ping Wei
3
Rui Wang
3
ORCID: ORCID
Wei Zhou
1 5

  1. Hefei University of Technology, School of Material Science and Engineering, Hefei 230009, China
  2. Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450001, China
  3. Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, School of Material Science and Engineering, Zhenjiang 212003, China
  4. China Innovation Academy of Intelligent Equipment (Ningbo) Co., Ltd, Ningbo 315700, China
  5. School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, 639798, Singapore
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Abstract

The work presents results of research on the influence of micro materials on the thermal conductivity λ of gypsum. In the research, cellulose-based polymer and aerogel were used as the modifying micro materials. For the purpose of measuring the thermal conductivity, a non-stationary method was used based on the “hot wire method”. A very precise set of devices for measuring and recording the temperature of the heating wire was used. In the presented solution, a single measurement took only one minute. Measurements were recorded with the help of a computer measuring system, with a sampling time of 0.01s. During the 60-second-long test, 6000 measurements of the heating wire temperature were collected. A decrease of the thermal conductivity and density of hardened gypsum with added micro materials was observed due to modifications of the structure of the final product. Experimental values of the thermal conductivity of the gypsum specimens with the addition of polymer and aerogel were respectively over 23% and 6% lower than the non-modified gypsum specimen.

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Authors and Affiliations

Karol Prałat
ORCID: ORCID
Roman Jaskulski
ORCID: ORCID
Justyna Ciemnicka
Grzegorz Makomaski
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Abstract

This paper focused on the effect of pure torsion deformation and various torsion pitches on the mechanical properties of the commercial pure Al wires which has not been examined so far. The initial wires with diameter of 4 mm have been torsion deformed to different pitch length (PL). In order to investigate the effect of gradient microstructure caused by torsion deformation, three different pitch length of 15 mm, 20 mm and 30 mm are considered. The results revealed that the level of grain refinement is correlated with the amount of induced plastic shear strain by torsion deformation. For the wire with pitch length of 15 mm, the grain sizes decreased to about 106 μm and 47 μm in the wire center and edge from the initial size of about 150 μm of the annealed wire. The micro-hardness measurement results show a gradient distribution of hardness from the wire center to the wire surface that confirmed the increasing trend of plastic shear strain obtained by FE simulations. The hardness of annealed sample (35 HV) is increased up to 73 HV at the wire surface for the smallest pitch length. The yield and ultimate tensile strength of the torsion deformed wires are also increased up to about 85 MPa and 152 MPa from the initial values of 38 MPa and 103 MPa of the annealed one respectively while the maximum elongation reduced significantly.
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Authors and Affiliations

M. Sedighi
A. Vaezi
M. Pourbashiri
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Abstract

The results of studies on the use of magnesium alloy in modern Tundish + Cored Wire injection method for production of vermicular graphite cast irons were described. The injection of Mg Cored Wire length is a treatment method which can be used to process iron melted in an electric induction furnace. This paper describes the results of using a high-magnesium ferrosilicon alloy in cored wire for the production of vermicular graphite cast irons at the; Tundish + Cored Wire to be injected methods (PE) for pearlitic-ferritic matrix GJV with about 25 %ferrite content. The results of calculations and experiments have indicated the length of the Cored Wire to be injected basing on the initial sulfur content and weight of the treated melt. The paper presents a microstructure matrix and vermicular graphite in standard sample and different walled castings. The results of numerous trials have shown that the magnesium Tundish + PE Method process can produce high quality vermicular graphite irons under the specific industrial conditions of the above mentioned foundries.

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Authors and Affiliations

E. Guzik
D. Kopyciński
T. Kleingartner
M. Sokolnicki
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Abstract

Additive manufacturing (AM) is a process that joins similar or dissimilar materials into application-oriented objects in a wide range of sizes and shapes. This article presents an overview of two additive manufacturing techniques; namely Laser metal deposition (LMD) and Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM). In LMD, metallic powders are contained in one or more chambers, which are then channelled through deposition nozzles. A laser heats the particles to produce metallic beads, which are deposited in layers with the aid of an in-built motion system. In WAAM, a high voltage electric arc functions as the heat source, which helps with ensuring deposition of materials, while materials in wire form are used for the feedstock. This article highlights some of the strengths and challenges that are offered by both processes. As part of the authors’ original research work, ­Ti-6Al-4V, Stainless steel 316L and Al-12Si were prepared using LMD, while the WAAM technique was used to prepare two Al alloys; Al-5356 and CuAl8Ni2. Microstructural analysis will focus on similarity and differences in grains that are formed in layers. This article will also offer an overall comparison on how these samples compare with other materials that have been prepared using LMD and WAAM.

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Authors and Affiliations

R. Rumman
D.A. Lewis
J.Y. Hascoet
J.S. Quinton
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Abstract

Cu-Ni composite nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by electrical explosion of wire (EEW) method. Cu-Ni alloy and twisted wires with various Ni contents were used as the feeding material for a 3 kV charging voltage EEW machine in an ethanol ambient chamber. The phase structure and magnetic properties of the as-fabricated samples were studied. It was established that the prepared powders after drying have a spherical form with the particle size is under 100 nm. XRD analysis indicated that the nanopowders consisted of binary Cu-Ni phases. Only pure phases of the intermetallic compound Cu-Ni (Cu0.81Ni0.19 and Cu3.8Ni) were observed in the XRD patterns of the samples. The synthesized intermetallic Cu-Ni alloy nanopowders reveal magnetic behaviors, however, the lower Ni content samples exhibited paramagnetic behaviors, meanwhile, the higher Ni content samples exposed ferromagnetic properties.

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Authors and Affiliations

Minh Thuyet-Nguyen
Jin-Chun Kim
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Abstract

The paper analyzes the effect of ageing on the variations in the mechanical and technological properties of steel wire. The process of drawing 5.5 mm-diameter wire rod into 1.70 mm wire was carried out in 12 draws on a Koch KGT multi-stage drawing machine in the drawing velocity range of 5-25 m/s. Finished 1.7 mm-diameter wires after, respectively, 1, 24, 720 and 8760 hours of the completion of the drawing process were subjected to testing to determine their mechanical and technological properties. The yield strength, YS; tensile strength, UTS; uniform elongation, Ar; total elongation, Ac; reduction of area, Z; number of twists, Nt; and the number of bends, Nb, have been determined. It has been demonstrated that variations in mechanical properties occur after the multi-stage drawing process due to ageing, with their degree and mode being dependent on the drawing speed.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Suliga
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Abstract

In multi-stage wire drawing machines productivity growth can be achieved at higher drawing speeds by preventing wire breakage during the process. One disadvantage of high-speed wire drawing is the requirement imposed by machine dynamics in terms of its stability and reliability during operation. Tensile forces in the wire must maintained by fast synchronization of all capstans speed. In this process, the displacement sensors play the main role in providing the control system with feedback information about the wire condition. In this study, the influences between the sensors and actuator driven capstans have been studied, and tuner roll concept of a wire drawing machine was experimentally investigated. To this aim, measurements were carried out on two drawing stages at different drawing speeds and obtained results were presented. These results clearly show the fast changes of the capstans speed and the angular displacements of the rollers that tighten the wire, which only confirms the high dynamics of the wire drawing machine.

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Authors and Affiliations

Goce Tasevski
Kocho Angjushev
Zlatko Petreski
Dejan Shishkovski

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