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Theoretical And Practical Investigations Of V-Block Waviness Measurement Of Cylindrical Parts

Stanisław Adamczak Paweł Zmarzły Dariusz Janecki
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2015 | vol. 22 | No 2 | 181-192 | DOI: 10.1515/mms-2015-0023
Keywords V-block method roundness waviness measurement detectability coefficient method accuracy
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Abstract

The paper relates to the problem of adaptation of V-block methods to waviness measurements of cylindrical surfaces. It presents the fundamentals of V-block methods and the principle of their application. The V-block methods can be successfully used to measure the roundness and waviness deviations of large cylinders used in paper industry, shipping industry, or in metallurgy. The concept of adaptation of the V-block method to waviness measurements of cylindrical surfaces was verified using computer simulations and experimental work. The computer simulation was carried out in order to check whether the proposed mathematical model and V-block method parameters are correct. Based on the simulation results, a model of measuring device ROL-2 for V-block waviness measurements was developed. Next, experimental research was carried out consisting in evaluation of waviness deviation, initially using a standard non-reference measuring device, and then using the tested device based on the V-block method. Finally, accuracy of the V-block experimental method was calculated.
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Authors and Affiliations

Stanisław Adamczak
Paweł Zmarzły
Dariusz Janecki

Distribution of Roughness and Waviness Components of Turned Surface profiles

Adam Boryczko
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2010 | No 4 | 611-620 | DOI: 10.2478/v10178-010-0050-4
Keywords surface irregularity roughness waviness spectral analysis of surface irregularities
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Abstract

The paper presents a spectral formulation of surface profile irregularity in a wideband frequency range for roughness, waviness and shape components along the measured length. A unique distribution of roughness and waviness components is proposed, according to the nature of their origination in the course of machining with tools of defined cutting edge, as distinct from standard filtration in measurements of surface irregularities. Differences resulting from both formulations are outlined as well as the method of determining the frequency of component separation for surface roughness and waviness.

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Authors and Affiliations

Adam Boryczko

Assessment of surface waviness of casting patterns made using 3D printing technologies

Paweł Zmarzły Damian Gogolewski Tomasz Kozior
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2023 | 71 | 1 | e144585 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2023.144585
Keywords 3D printing foundry industry casting pattern surface waviness
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Abstract

The application of 3D printers significantly improves the process of producing foundry patterns in comparison to traditional methods of their production. It should be noted that the quality of the surface texture of the foundry pattern is crucial because it affects the quality of the casting mold and eventually the finished casting. In most studies, the surface texture is examined by analyzing the 2D or 3D roughness parameters. This is a certain limitation because, in the case of 3D printing, the influence of technological parameters is more visible for irregularities of a longer range, such as surface waviness. In the paper, the influence of the 3D printing layer thickness on the formation of waviness of the surface of casting patterns was analyzed. Three 3D printers, differing in terms of printing technology and printing material, were tested: PJM (PolyJet Matrix), FDM (fused deposition modeling) and SLS (selective laser sintering). In addition, the surface waviness of patterns manufactured with traditional methods was analyzed. Surface waviness has been measured using the Form Talysurf PGI 1200 measuring system. Preliminary results of the research showed that the layer thickness significantly influences the values of waviness parameters of the surface in the casting patterns made with FDM, PJM and SLS additive technologies. The research results indicated that the smallest surface waviness as defined by parameters Wa, Wq and Wt was obtained for patterns printed using the PJM technology, while the highest was noted when using the FDM technology.
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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Zmarzły
1
ORCID: ORCID
Damian Gogolewski
1
Tomasz Kozior
1
  1. Faculty of Mechatronics and Mechanical Engineering, Kielce University of Technology, Poland

Waviness at dry high-speed face milling of some hard steels

Irina Beşliu-Băncescu Laurenţiu Slătineanu Margareta Coteaţă
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2021 | vol. 28 | No 4 | 735-749 | DOI: 10.24425/mms.2021.137705
Keywords waviness dry high-speed face milling hard steels milling parameters hardness empirical mathematical models
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Abstract

Waviness is a parameter used to complete information on the machined surface state. There is little scientific and technical information on the influence exerted by the cutting conditions and the workpiece material hardness on the values of some parameters that define the waviness of milled surface. No works have been identified to present such information for dry high-speed face milling applied to hard steel workpieces. A factorial experiment with four independent variables at three variation levels was planned to model the influence of milling speed, feed, cutting depth, and steel hardness on the total heights of the profile and surface waviness for dry high-speed face milling. Mathematical processing of experimental results was used to identify the power type function and empirical mathematical models. These models highlight the direction of variation and the intensity of influence exerted by the considered input factors on the values of two waviness parameters in the case of dry high-speed face milling of samples made of four hard steels. It has been observed that the increase in steel hardness increases the total heights of the profile and surface waviness. In the case of two types of steel, a good correlation was identified between the values of the total profile waviness height and the total surface waviness height, respectively, using the Pearson correlation coefficient.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Irina Beşliu-Băncescu
1
Laurenţiu Slătineanu
2
Margareta Coteaţă
2
  1. Stefan cel Mare University of Suceava, Department of Mechanics and Technology, Universitatii Street, 13, 720229 Suceava, Romania
  2. Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, Department of Machine Manufacturing Technology, D. Mangeron Blvd, 59A, 700050 Iasi, Romania

Electron Beam Processing of Sensors Relevant Vacoflux-49 Alloy: Experimental Studies of Thermal Zones and Microstructure

Pawan Kumar Anshul Yadav Arvind Kumar
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2020 | vol. 65 | No 3 | 1147-1156 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2020.133232
Keywords Electron beam processing Sensors applications Vacoflux-49 Solidification ring Fusion zone Wavy pattern
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Abstract

Vacoflux-49 (Fe-49% Co-49% V-2%) is used in torque, sonar and gyroscopic sensors applications due to excellent magnetic properties (high saturation magnetisation, low coercivity and high Curie temperature). In this study, the shape, size and characteristics of different thermal zones and the microstructural evolution during electron beam melting and welding of Vacoflux-49 material are studied. The experimental studies on melting have been carried out with under-focussed, focussed and over focussed electron beam. In the case of the under-focussed and over-focused beam, no evaporated zone is found. In the case of focussed beam, a shallow conical-shaped evaporated zone, a choked funnel-shaped fusion zone, a conical shaped partially melted zone and the heat-affected zone are observed. The solidified melt pool in terms of shape, size and microstructure of different zones are investigated for the focussed beam. The grains in the fusion zone appear wavy having crest and trough. The fusion zone microstructure also shows the formation of solidification rings. From the electron beam welding experiments performed for joining two Vacoflux-49 plates (continuous welding), it is found that the weldment shape is similar to the spot melting and re-solidification experiments. The grain growth in different zones in the welding sample is also examined.

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Authors and Affiliations

Pawan Kumar
Anshul Yadav
Arvind Kumar

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