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Abstract

The quality and quantity of crustacea groups the hydrochemistry of water and bottom sediments conditions, in the six selected anthropogenic hollow ponds in the central part of Silesian vojcvodship are presented taking into consideration. On strongly deformed area of the Silesian region one can find water reservoirs acljojning each other but differing the hydrochernical components. The nearness of spoil banks and slag damps affects hydrochemistry of water. In the inspected hollow ponds 20 taksons of Cladocera and 14 taksons of Copepoda were indentified. In the benthos zone these were determined 18 taksons of Cladocera and 14 taksons of Copepoda. In the pelagial zone 19 tak sons of Cladocera and I O tak sons of Copeopda. Were identified the number of taksons in the investigated hollow ponds does not depended on dissolved mineral mailer concentrations.
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Authors and Affiliations

Antoni Deryło
Maciej Kostecki
Danuta Kowalczyk
Piotr Szilman
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Abstract

From March to October 1998 carried out hydrochemical and hydrobiological researches on retentional water reservoir Przeczyce on the Czarna Przemsza river were. Surface area of this reservoir is 570 ha. Maximal depth is 10 m, total volume 20 mln m3• In results self-purification processes water in the ecosystem is in I and II quality class. In the saprobity clasassification it is in betamezosaprobic class. Low number of macrobenthos organisms is the result of the Czarna Przemsza river pollution. In the I Part of this paper results of hydrochemical investigation was given.
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Authors and Affiliations

Antoni Deryło
Lubomir Narloch
Maciej Kostecki
Piotr Szilman
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Abstract

In the period from March to October 1998 hydrochemical researches on a dam-reservoir Przeczyce were carried out. This resevoir is an effect of the partition of Czarna Przemsza valley, by ground barrier. Surface area of the reservoir is 570 ha, and its total cubic content is 20.75 mln m3 of water. Researches proved that in effect of systematic conveyance of pollutans by the Czarna Przemsza River, water quality in the reservoir is in eutrophy state. Raised concentration of orto-phosphates in output originating from washing out of drainage basin soils (the Schindler coefficient is 64), and from domestic sewage causes, notwithstanding relatively low concentration of nitrates, a threat for the reservoir. Disadvantageous nitrogen-phosphorus proportion, which amounts 56 od a tributary stream, 20 in the reservoir, and 14 in a autflow, is conducive to eutrophication of the reservoir. This proportion indicates that in Przeczyce dam-reservoir phosphorus is the agent limiting use of nitrogen in the process of primary production. Balance of nitrogen and phosphorus, and especially that a load of phosphates leaded to the reservoir counterbalances itself with a load of water diversion. This evidences the loss of the reservoir ability to lay surplus nutrients, especially phosphorus, in bottom sediments, and consequentlyattests to the near moment of starting the process of anrichment from the inside of ecosystem. In the next, last part of this paper, results hydrobiologically (macrobentos) investigations will describe.
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Authors and Affiliations

Antoni Deryło
Maciej Kostecki
Piotr Szilman
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Abstract

Variability of stress proteins concentration in caged carp exposed to transplantation experiment model dam reservoir was caused only by natural (climatic and biological) conditions. Thus, the reference data of stress proteins concentration range in young carp individuals were obtained. Metallothionein, HSP70 and HSP90 protein concentrations as biomarkers were assayed in the livers, gills and muscles of six-month-old (summer) or nine-month-old (autumn) carp individuals in relation to the site of encaging, season (summer or autumn), the term of sampling (1, 2 or 3 weeks after the transplantation) and tissue. Physicochemical analyses of the condition of water as well as pollution detection were conducted during each stage of the experiment. As the result of this study, the range of the variability of the stress protein concentration in young carp individuals was obtained. According to the analyses of the aquatic conditions of a reservoir with no detectable pollutants, we conclude that the variability in the stress protein concentration levels in the groups that were compared is solely the result of the natural conditions. Future regular monitoring of the reservoir using the transplantation method and young carp individuals will be both possible and reliable. Moreover, the range of variability in the stress protein concentrations that were measured in the young C. carpio individuals acquired from the model dam reservoir in relation to all of the studied factors may be applied in the monitoring of any other similar reservoir.
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Authors and Affiliations

Agnieszka Babczyńska
1
Monika Tarnawska
1
Piotr Łaszczyca
1
ORCID: ORCID
Paweł Migula
1
Bartosz Łozowski
1
Andrzej Woźnica
1
Ilgiz Irnazarow
2
ORCID: ORCID
Maria Augustyniak
1

  1. Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
  2. Institute of Ichtyobiology and Aquaculture in Gołysz, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
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Abstract

The paper presents the way of water quality improvement in storage reservoirs, using pre-dams with plant filters. Pre-dams, built above the main reservoirs, reduce the inflow of pollutants transported by the river and take over most of biochemical processes responsible for eutrophication of the stored water. As a result, water flowing to the main reservoir contains smaller loads of pollutants. The above-mentioned method is more economic, requires relatively short construction time and is less laborious than generally used methods of surface water protection. It is specially recommended to improve the quality of water in small reservoirs, where quick silting and eutrophication occur. Proper functioning of pre-dams depends on proper selection of their parameters, such as: water storage time, water flow velocity, filling depth and type of plant filters. The authors estimated the effectiveness of a pre-dam reservoir situated above the main reservoir in Mściwojów on the Wierzbiak River. The pre-dam reservoir consists of a three-chamber sediment tank and three chambers with plant barriers. The purpose of the chambers is to decrease the quantity of sediments, the biogenie substances and other pollutants carried with water flowing to the main reservoir. Research carried out during the period 2000-2001 showed that pre-dams significantly contributed to the improvement of the water quality in the main reservoir - nitrates were eliminated in ca 65% and phosphates in ca 52%.
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Authors and Affiliations

Włodzimierz Czamara
Alicja Czamara
Mirosław Wiatkowski
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Abstract

The ground source of drinking water for the village of Skalice nad Svitavou is located 35 km North of Brno (Czech Republic). An evaluation of developments in selected indicators of water quality in this groundwater source in the period 2013–2017 was the essence of this work. The data was provided by Vodárenská akciová společnost, a.s., i.e. the operator. At the same time, annual monitoring of water quality in the Úmoří stream, which flows through the catchment area and can affect the quality of groundwater, was carried out. Water samples were collected in 2017–2018 from 6 profiles on the Úmoří stream and its two tributaries. Raw water from the groundwater source does not meet the requirements for drinking water in some indicators and needs to be treated. Monitoring of surface water shows that the most problematic indicator is total phosphorus, the concentration of which exceeded limit values on all sampling profiles. The highest values were found in the tributaries, where total phosphorus concentrations exceeded 10 mg∙dm–3. There are 12 municipalities in the area of interest, only two of which have their own sewage treatment plant. It is clear from the results that wastewater in some municipalities is discharged directly into the recipient and is the cause of above-limit concentrations of both phosphorus and nitrogen. Intensively used agricultural land is another major source of pollution. Based on an analysis of sources of pollution, corrective measures have been proposed to improve the quality of surface and groundwater in the area.

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Authors and Affiliations

Petra Oppeltová
Jana Boráková

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