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Numerical and experimental verification of impact response of laminated aluminum composite structure

Jifeng Wang Tyler P. Morris Reza Bihamta Ye-Chen Pan
Archive of Mechanical Engineering | 2020 | vol. 67 | No 2 | 127-147 | DOI: 10.24425/ame.2020.131687
Keywords laminated aluminum structure axial drop buckling three-point bending flexural response delamination
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Abstract

Laminated Aluminum Composite Structure (LACS) has shown great potential for replacing traditional bulk aluminum parts, due to its ability to maintain low manufacturing costs and create complex geometries. In this study, a LACS, that consists of 20 aluminum layers joined by a structural tape adhesive, was fabricated and tested to understand its impact performance. Three impact tests were conducted: axial drop, normal and transverse three-point bending drop tests. Numerical simulations were performed to predict the peak loads and failure modes during impacts. Material models with failure properties were used to simulate the cohesive failure, interfacial failure, and aluminum fracture. Various failure modes were observed experimentally (large plastic deformation, axial buckling, local wrinkling, aluminum fracture and delamination) and captured by simulations. Cross-section size of the axial drop model was varied to understand the LACS buckling direction and force response. For three-point bending drop simulations, the mechanism causing the maximum plastic strain at various locations in the aluminum and adhesive layers was discussed. This study presents an insight to understand the axial and flexural responses under dynamic loading, and the failure modes in LACS. The developed simulation methodology can be used to predict the performance of LACS with more complex geometries.

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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Jifeng Wang
1
Tyler P. Morris
1
Reza Bihamta
1
Ye-Chen Pan
1
  1. General Motors Global Technical Center, 29360 William Durant Boulevard, Warren, Michigan 48092-2025, USA.

Load bearing capacity of laminated veneer lumber beams strengthened with CFRP strips

Michał Bakalarz
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2021 | vol. 67 | No 3 | 139-155 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2021.138048
Keywords 4-point bending carbon fibre reinforcement timber structures
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Abstract

The paper presents the results of experimental tests on the reinforcement of bent laminated veneer lumber beams with carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) strips glued to the bottom of elements. CFRP strips (1.4×43×2800 mm) were glued to the beams by means of epoxy resin. The tests were performed on full-size components with nominal dimensions of 45×200×3400 mm. Static bending tests were performed in a static scheme of the so-called four-point bending. The increase in the load bearing capacity of the reinforced elements (maximum bending moment and loading force) was 38% when compared to reference beams. A similar increase was noted in relation to the deflection of the elements at maximum loading force. For the global stiffness coefficient in bending, the increase for reinforced beams was 21%. There was a change in the way elements were destroyed from brittle, sudden destruction for reference beams resulting from the exhaustion of tensile strength to more ductile destruction initiated in the compressive zone for reinforced beams. The presented method can be applied to existing structures.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Bakalarz
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Kielce University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Al. Tysiąclecia Państwa Polskiego 7, 25-314 Kielce, Poland

Estimation of the modulus fir wood reinforced with PBO fiber mesh

P. Sokołowski P.G. Kossakowski
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2018 | Vol. 64 | No 4/I | 105-121
Keywords laboratory tests wooden structures mechanical properties four-point bending
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Abstract

This paper presents the results of preliminary tests for estimating the modulus of elasticity of wooden beams from firs reinforced with PBO fiber mesh. The tests were carried out in the Materials Strength Laboratory at the Kielce University of Technology in Kielce, Poland with PN-EN 408:2004. The wooden elements were subjected to a four-point bending test with the aim of estimating the elastic modulus when bending, assuming the loading velocities of the loading forces of 5 mm/min. The obtained results show a significant increase in the load-bearing capacity of beams reinforced with PBO mesh.

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Authors and Affiliations

P. Sokołowski
ORCID: ORCID
P.G. Kossakowski

Technology of Production of Mold Filling Material for Specific Purposes in the Field of Metallic Foam Casting

I. Kroupová M. Bašistová P. Lichý V. Merta F. Radkovský J. Jezierski
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2023 | vol. 68 | No 2 | 757-763 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2023.142458
Keywords molding mixture metallic foams precursor abrasion loss 3-point bending strength
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Abstract

This paper describes the technology for the production of precursors (space holder material) used to form the complex internal structure of cast metal foam. The precursor material must exhibit sufficient refractoriness, resist contact with liquid metal and at the same time should exhibit good collapsibility after casting. With regard to the greening of foundry production, the focus of this paper was on materials that could exhibit the above properties and at the same time do not have a negative impact on the environment. In this paper, the technology for the production of spherical precursors from a self-hardening mixture with a geopolymer-based binder system is described and verified. The motivation for the choice of material and all the sub-steps of the process – molding into the core box, tumbling, including the necessary accompanying tests of the mechanical properties of the core mixture being verified – are described.
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Authors and Affiliations

I. Kroupová
1
ORCID: ORCID
M. Bašistová
1
ORCID: ORCID
P. Lichý
1
ORCID: ORCID
V. Merta
1
ORCID: ORCID
F. Radkovský
1
ORCID: ORCID
J. Jezierski
2
ORCID: ORCID
  1. VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Department of Metallurgical Technologies, 17. Listopadu 2172/15, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
  2. Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Foundry Engineering, 2 Towarowa Str., 744-100 Gliwice, Poland

Three-Point Bending Response of Nylon 12 Obtained by Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) Versus Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)

Marius Nicolae Baba Gheorghe-Daniel Voinea Maria-Elisabeta Lucaci
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2023 | vol. 68 | No 4 | 1439-1446 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2023.146210
Keywords three-point bending bending strength flexural modulus Nylon 12 Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
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Abstract

This study analyses the three-point bending behavior of Nylon 12 (PA12) specimens produced using two additive manufacturing technologies (i.e., fused filament fabrication and selective laser sintering). A Nylon 12 commercially available filament (from Fiberlab S.A.) was selected to employ the fused filament fabrication method (FFF) with a Prusa 3D desktop printer, whereas Nylon 12 sintering powder (from Formlabs Inc.) was chosen for selective laser sintering (SLS) using a benchtop industrial SLS platform, Formlabs Fuse 1, with a powder refresh ratio of 30%. The bending strength and flexural elasticity moduli were determined by following ISO 178:2019 standard specifications to assess the effect of two different technologies on the mechanical behavior of three-point bending specimens produced in three distinct build orientations (i.e., 0°, 45°, and 90°) relative to the printing platform. One-way ANOVA analysis, Tukey’s HSD, and Games-Howell tests are considered to assess the statistical variability of experimental data and compare the mean values of bending strength and flexural moduli. The testing results for the three orientations under question show notable differences and interesting similarities either in terms of strength or elasticity response for a significance p-level of 0.05.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marius Nicolae Baba
1
ORCID: ORCID
Gheorghe-Daniel Voinea
2
ORCID: ORCID
Maria-Elisabeta Lucaci
3
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Transilvania University of Brașov, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eroilor Bvd. 29, 500036, Brașov, Romania
  2. Transilvania University of Brașov, Department of Automotive and Transport Engineering, Eroilor Bvd. 29, 500036, Brașov, Romania
  3. École Centrale de Marseille, 38 Rue Frédéric Joliot Curie, 13013, Marseille, France

Analysis of the Properties of EN AC 51200 Aluminum Alloy

M. Uhríčik P. Palček M. Chalupová P. Hanusová L. Kuchariková
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2020 | vol. 65 | No 4 | 1437-1445 | DOI: 10.24425/amm.2020.133711
Keywords aluminum alloy Al-Mg cast alloy three-point bending loading fatigue fracture surface
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Abstract

The article will be focused on analysis of properties of aluminum alloy for the casting of type Al-Mg. As an experimental material was used aluminum alloy EN AC 51200, supplied in a cast state without a heat treatment. It was produced by the continuous casting method. Experiments deal with microstructural material analysis, fractographic analysis, mechanical and fatigue tests. The microstructure of the testing sample was examined using an optical microscope Neophot 32. Fatigue properties of aluminum alloy was tested by three-point bending cyclic loading. The fracture surface of the testing sample was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), where sample was observed on various stages of the fatigue process, its characteristics and differences of fracture surfaces.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Uhríčik
ORCID: ORCID
P. Palček
M. Chalupová
ORCID: ORCID
P. Hanusová
L. Kuchariková
ORCID: ORCID

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