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Abstract

This study illustrates the benefits of statistical techniques to analyze spatial and temporal variations in water quality. In this scope water quality differentiation caused by anthropogenic and natural factors in the Tahtali and Balçova reservoirs in western Turkey was investigated using discriminant analysis-DA, Mann Whitney U techniques. Effectiveness of pollution prevention measures was analyzed by Mann Kendall and Sen’s Slope estimator methods. The water quality variables were divided into three groups as physical-inorganic, organic and inorganic pollution parameters for the study. Results showed that water quality between reservoirs was differentiated for “physical-inorganic” and “organic pollution” parameters. Degree of influence of water quality by urbanization was higher in the Tahtali reservoir and in general, no trend detection at pollution indicators explained by effective management practices at both sites.

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Authors and Affiliations

Hülya Boyacioglu
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Abstract

The intensification of agricultural production is one of the factors determining economic development. Increasing mechanisation and use of fertilisers in agriculture lead to higher yields, but at the same time they can pose a threat to the environment. The overuse of chemical fertilisers contributes to increased concentration of nutrients in agricultural runoff. One of such areas is the Szreniawa River catchment, the study area located in the southern part of Poland. In this catchment, intensive mostly mechanical ploughing is applied in, for instance, vegetable production. The area has loess soils, which with intensive ploughing are susceptible to erosion. The study aims to determine changes in the quality of flowing waters against the background of agricultural production and land-use characteristics. Surface waters were classified as class II and occurred at all analysed points. The highest concentrations of N-NO3, N-NH4 and P-PO4 were found at a point in the middle of the catchment (lower part of research area). There, the lowest concentrations were recorded in 2018, which was related to the amount of precipitation during the growing season. On the other hand, the volume of plant and animal production closely correlated with the quality of surface water in the area. This was also confirmed by the land use structure. In conclusion, intensive agricultural production, mainly in terms of plough tillage causes significant hazards associated with soil erosion especially on agriculturally sensitive soils, although it provides good yields.
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Authors and Affiliations

Stanisław K. Lach
1
ORCID: ORCID
Agnieszka Kowalczyk
2
ORCID: ORCID
Marek T. Kopacz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Zbigniew Kowalewski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mateusz Jakubiak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Robert. Mazur
1
ORCID: ORCID
Beata Grabowska-Polanowska
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mining Surveying and Environmental Engineering, Department of Environmental Management and Protection, al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
  2. Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
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Abstract

The article presents an assessment of the effects of anthropogenic activities on the quality of water in four streams flowing through a camp based on a combined assessment of environmental impacts and the water quality index. The quantitative and qualitative assessment of environmental impact was made after identifying the anthropogenic activities carried out in the camp. The water quality index ( WQI) was calculated after monitoring seventeen physicochemical and microbiological variables and the Montoya index was applied. The samples were collected during 48 sampling campaigns, organised over the period of six months in eight stations. Two stations were located in each stream, one before and one after it passed through the camp. The results indicated that streams 1, 3, and 4 show a slight deterioration in water quality, affected by anthropogenic activities carried out in the said camp; meanwhile, stream 2 shows an increasing deterioration in water quality. The water quality of the streams before passing through the camp was determined to be between “uncontaminated” and “acceptable”, while after passing through the camp it was classified between “acceptable” and “slightly contaminated”. The results indicated a non-significant difference between the downstream and upstream WQI values for streams 1, 3, and 4; while stream 2 did show a significant difference in the WQI between upstream and downstream; indicating that anthropogenic activities alter the quality of the water.
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Authors and Affiliations

Fernando García-Ávila
1
ORCID: ORCID
Magaly Jiménez-Ordóñez
1
Jessica Torres-Sánchez
1
Sergio Iglesias-Abad
2
ORCID: ORCID
Rita Cabello Torres
3
ORCID: ORCID
César Zhindón-Arévalo
4
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Universidad de Cuenca, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Cuenca, 010107, Ecuador
  2. Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental, Ecuador
  3. Universidad César Vallejo, Professional School of Environmental Engineering, Lima, Perú
  4. Universidad Católica de Cuenca, Unidad Académica de Salud y Bienestar, Sede Azogues, Ecuador

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