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PLEISTOCENE DEPOSITS IN THE SOUTHERN EGYPTIAN SAHARA:LITHOSTRATIGRAPHIC RELATIONSHIPS OF SEDIMENTSAND LANDSCAPE DYNAMICS AT BIR TARFAWI

Christopher L. Hill Romuald Schild

Studia Quaternaria | 2017 | Vol. 34 | Iss. 1

Keywords sediments lithofacies stratigraphy groundwater Pleistocene

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Authors and Affiliations

Christopher L. Hill

Romuald Schild

The stratigraphy of the mid Cretaceous (Albian) Upper Greensand Formation of the Wessex Basin and South West England, UK

Ramues Gallois Hugh Owen

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2018 | vol. 68 | No 2 | 161-180

Keywords stratigraphy Upper Greensand Formation Cretaceous Devon Dorset Wessex Albian Stage Cenomanian Stage sequence stratigraphy

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Abstract

The Upper Greensand Formation, mostly capped by the Chalk, crops out on the edges of a broad, dissected

plateau in Devon, west Dorset and south Somerset and has an almost continuous outcrop that runs from the Isle

of Purbeck to the Vale of Wardour in south Wiltshire. The Formation is well exposed in cliffs in east Devon and

the Isle of Purbeck, but is poorly exposed inland. It comprises sandstones and calcarenites with laterally and

stratigraphically variable amounts of carbonate cement, glauconite and chert. The sedimentology and palaeon-

tology indicate deposition in marginal marine-shelf environments that were at times subject to strong tidal and

wave-generated currents. The formation of the Upper Greensand successions in the region was influenced by

penecontemporaneous movements on major fault zones, some of which are sited over E-W trending Variscan

thrusts in the basement rocks and, locally, on minor faults. Comparison of the principal sedimentary breaks in

the succession with the sequence boundaries derived from world-wide sea-level curves suggests that local tec-

tonic events mask the effects of any eustatic changes in sea level. The preserved fauna is unevenly distributed,

both laterally and stratigraphically. Bivalves, gastropods and echinoids are common at some horizons but are

not age-diagnostic. Ammonites are common at a few stratigraphically narrowly defined horizons, but are rare

or absent throughout most of the succession. As a result, the age of parts of the succession is still poorly known

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Authors and Affiliations

Ramues Gallois

Hugh Owen

Late Holocene glacier advances in Revdalen, Spitsbergen

Andrzej Karczewski Andrzej Kostrzewski Leszek Marks

Polish Polar Research | 1981 | vol. 2 | No 1-2 | 51-61

Keywords Arctic Spitsbergen stratigraphy of Holocene

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Abstract

During geomorphologic mapping of northern seashore of Hornsund (Spitsbergen) a geomorphologic map of Revdalen and Fuglebergsletta was prepared in the scale of 1: 10 000. Distinct outwash routes and a moutonnee area was noted to the south of Rewatnet; at the same time, the destroyed marine terraces in the upper part of the valley and an occurrence of a ground moraine there, prove a Holocene glacier advance in Revdalen (about 2 400 years B. P.). The glaciers of that time slightly overcrossed a zone of the present southern limit of the Rev Lake but they did not fill entirely the middle part of the Revdalen.

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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Karczewski

Andrzej Kostrzewski

Leszek Marks

On the age of fossil flora from Barton Peninsula, King George Island, West Antarctica

Antoni K. Tokarski Władysław Danowski Ewa Zastawniak

Polish Polar Research | 1987 | vol. 8 | No 3 | 293-302

Keywords Antarctica paleobotany stratigraphy

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Abstract

Three tectonic units occur in folded stratified volcanic sequence on Barton Peninsula. Fossil flora (Del Valle et al. 1984) occurs in the basal part of the upper unit which age is not younger than Paleocene. The rocks of the middle and lower units are older, possibly Mesozoie.

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Authors and Affiliations

Antoni K. Tokarski

Władysław Danowski

Ewa Zastawniak

Sedimentary environment, lithostratigraphy and dating of sediment sequences from Arctic lakes Revvatnet and Svartvatnet in Hornsund, Svalbard

Marek Zajączkowski Antti E.K. Ojala Laura Arppe Tomi P. Luoto Lukas Wacker Eija Kurki Joanna Pawłowska Mateusz Damrat Mimmi Oksman

Polish Polar Research | 2016 | vol. 37 | No 1 | 23-48 | DOI: 10.1515/popore−2016−0005

Keywords Arctic Svalbard Hornsun Revvatnet Svartvatnetd sediment stratigraphy Holocene

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Abstract

The sedimentary environment, sediment characteristics and age−depth models of sediment sequences from Arctic lakes Revvatnet and Svartvatnet, located near the Polish Polar Station in Hornsund, southern Svalbard (77 ° N), were studied with a view to establishing a basis for paleolimnological climate and environmental reconstructions. The results indicate that catchment−to−lake hydroclimatic processes probably affect the transportation, distribution and accumulation of sediments in different parts of lakes Revvatnet and Svartvatnet. Locations with continuous and essentially stable sedimentary environments were found in both lakes between water depths of 9 and 26 m. We used several different dating techniques, including 137 Cs, 210 Pb, AMS 14 C, and paleomagnetic dating, to provide accurate and secured sediment chronologies. A recovered sequence from the northern basin of Revvatnet spans more than one thousand years long with laminated stratigraphy in the upper part of the sediment. Based on AMS 14 C dates, it is possible to suppose that Revvatnet basin was not occupied by a valley glacier during the Little Ice Age. The dates were supported by 137 Cs chronologies, but not confirmed with other independent dating methods that extent beyond the last 50 years. A sedimentary sequence from the northern basin of Svartvatnet provides a potential archive for the study of climate and environmental change for the last ca. 5000 years. Based on the stratigraphy and a Bayesian age−depth model of AMS 14 C and paleosecular variation (PSV) dates, the recovered sediment sections represent a continuous and stable sedimentation for the latter half of the Holocene.

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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Zajączkowski

Antti E.K. Ojala

Laura Arppe

Tomi P. Luoto

Lukas Wacker

Eija Kurki

Joanna Pawłowska

Mateusz Damrat

Mimmi Oksman

Pinpointing a Stratigraphic Boundary

Andrzej Wierzbowski

ACADEMIA. The magazine of the Polish Academy of Sciences | 2021 | No 2 (70) Boundaries | 80-83 | DOI: 10.24425/academiaPAS.2021.139455

Keywords stratigraphy geological systems GSSP Kimmeridgian Stage Jurassic system

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Abstract

What is a Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) benchmark, and what role does it play in delineating geological boundaries?

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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Wierzbowski

1

Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw

Middle Devonian acanthodians from Belarus – new data and interregional biostratigraphy

Dmitry P. Plax Michael Newman

Acta Geologica Polonica | vol. 71 | No 4 | 393-414 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2020.134568

Keywords Acanthodian Belarus Baltic Scotland Stratigraphy Scales

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Abstract

The Lower Devonian (Emsian) and Middle Devonian of Belarus contain assemblages of biostratigraphically useful faunal and floral microremains. Surface deposits are few, with most material being derived from borehole cores. Acanthodian scales are particularly numerous and comparison with scales from other regions of the Old Red Sandstone continent (Laurussia), specifically the Orcadian Basin of Scotland, the Baltic Region, Spitsbergen, and Severnaya Zemlya have demonstrated a lot of synonymy of acanthodian species between these areas. This is especially the case between Belarus, the Orcadian Basin and the Baltic Region, which has allowed us to produce an interregional biostratigraphic scheme, as well as to postulate marine connection routes between these areas. The acanthodian biostratigraphy of Belarus is particularly important as it is associated with spores and marine invertebrates, so giving the potential of more detailed correlations across not only the Old Red Sandstone continent, but elsewhere in the Devonian world. We also demonstrate that differences in preservation (e.g., wear and how articulated a specimen is) is one of the main reasons for synonymy.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dmitry P. Plax

1

Michael Newman

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Belarusian National Technical University (BNTU), Nezavisimosti Avenue 65, 220013 Minsk, Republic of Belarus
Vine Lodge, Vine Road, Johnston, Haverfordwest, SA62 3NZ Pembrokeshire, United Kingdom

In search of stratigraphic subdivision of the period 8–0 ka in Greenland ice cores

Matheus G.G. De Jong Arie C. Seijmonsbergen Leo W.S. De Graaff

Polish Polar Research | 2019 | vol. 40 | No 2 | 55-77 | DOI: 10.24425/ppr.2019.128367

Keywords Arctic Holocene ice cores stratigraphy pattern matching

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Abstract

The δ18O data for the last 8000 years in the Greenland NGRIP1, GRIP, DYE-3 and GISP2 ice cores have been analyzed stratigraphically in search of potentially meaningful boundaries and units. Pattern matching of the profiles is supported by using graphical display enhancements, calculating spectral trend curves and generating a compound profile. Techniques routinely used in subsurface geology have been applied in correlating the profiles. Four major stratigraphic units are identified (8.1–4.9, 4.9–3.3, 3.3–1.9 and 1.9–0.1 ka b2k), resulting in an improved understanding of the climate change after the Holocene Climate Optimum. Correlatable higher-order boundaries are identified within these units. The layers between the boundaries show δ18O patterns which generally are similar in character, the differences being ascribed to lateral variations in the factors that control the isotope content of the ice. The layering forms a series of short-lived low-amplitude aperiodic oscillations on a centennial time scale. The suggestion is that these higher-order boundaries and δ18O oscillations have climatic significance. Equivalent units are tentatively identified in ice-core data from the Agassiz and Renland ice caps. Comparison with other climate proxies or stratigraphies from the Northern Hemisphere is expected to render support for the here proposed scheme. It will then serve to guide and constrain the analysis of the dynamics of the climatic fluctuations for the study period.

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Authors and Affiliations

Matheus G.G. De Jong

Arie C. Seijmonsbergen

Leo W.S. De Graaff

Middle and Late Quaternary evolution of Spitsbergen against global changes

Leszek Lindner Leszek Marks

Polish Polar Research | 1993 | vol. 14 | No 3 | 221-241

Keywords Arctic Spitsbergen Quaternary stratigraphy glacioisostatic rebound

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Abstract

Attempt of correlation of raised marine beaches and glacial episodes in West Spitsbergen is presented for the Middle and the Late Quaternary. A model of predominating Barents Sea shelf ice sheet during the Saalian and of co-existing distinct local ice domes during the Vistulian is postulated on the basis of varying land uplift. Glacial episodes in Spitsbergen are referred to the ones in continental Europe and North America. Rough prognosis of climatic trends is introduced.

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Authors and Affiliations

Leszek Lindner

Leszek Marks

Middle and Late Quaternary evolution of the Hornsund Region, South Spitsbergen

Leszek Lindner Leszek Marks

Polish Polar Research | 1993 | vol. 14 | No 3 | 275-292

Keywords Arctic Spitsbergen Hornsund Quaternary stratigraphy and morphogenesis

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Abstract

Studies of the Quaternary evolution of the Hornsund Region in Spitsbergen focused in nine key areas, in which detailed fieldworks with mapping and sampling to radiocarbon and thermoluminescence analyses have been done. Glacial history of the Hornsund Region is known from the Torellkjegla (Holsteinian) Interglacial up to the recent times. The Wedel Jarlsberg Land (Saalian) Glaciation was the most widespread in this part of Spitsbergen and consisted of two stades(?). It was followed by considerable glacier retreat during the Bogstranda (Eemian) Interglacial, the latter being represented by development of soils. Four glacier advances (the two younger ones are the Lisbetdalen and the Slaklidalen stages) occurred during the Sörkapp Land (Vistulian) Glaciation. Three glacier advances (Gronfjorden and Revdalen stages, followed by the Little Ice Age) were recognized for the Holocene. The oldest and highest (although somewhat questionable) raised marine beaches come presumably from the Wedel Jarlsberg Land Glaciation. The beaches 80-100 m a.s.l. were formed during the Bogstranda (Eemian) Interglacial. The beaches 20-60 m a.s.l. are correlated with the Sórkapp Land Glaciation. All the lower marine beaches were formed during the Holocene.

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Authors and Affiliations

Leszek Lindner

Leszek Marks

Geological setting and lithological inventory of the Czarna Woda conglomerates (Magura Nappe, Polish Outer Carpathians)

Nestor Oszczypko Marta Oszczypko-Clowes Barbara Olszewska

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2020 | vol. 70 | No 3 | 397-418 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2020.132254

Keywords Exotic rocks Source areas Magura Basin Stratigraphy Paleogeography

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Abstract

During the late Oligocene to early Miocene the residual Magura Basin was located along the front of the Pieniny Klippen Belt (PKB). This basin was supplied with clastic material derived from a south-eastern direction. In the Małe (Little) Pieniny Mts. in Poland, the late Oligocene/ early Miocene Kremna Fm. of the Magura Nappe (Krynica subunit) occurs both in front of the PKB as well as in the tectonic windows within the PKB. Lenses of exotic conglomerates in the Kremna Fm. contain frequent clasts of Mesozoic limestones (e.g. limestones with “filaments” microfacies and Urgonian limestones) and Eocene shallow-water limestones. Fragments of crystalline and volcanic rocks occur subordinately. The provenance of these exotic rocks could be probably connected with Eocene exhumation and erosion of the SE part of the Dacia and Tisza Mega-Units.

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Authors and Affiliations

Nestor Oszczypko

Marta Oszczypko-Clowes

Barbara Olszewska

On imperfectly known Hauterivian representatives of the families Holcodiscidae Spath, 1923 and Barremitidae Breskovski, 1977 in Butkov Quarry (Central Western Carpathians, Slovakia)

Zdeněk Vašíček Jaap Klein

Acta Geologica Polonica | vol. 71 | No 4 | 433-451 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2020.134563

Keywords Early Cretaceous Ammonites taxonomy stratigraphy Manín Unit Carpathians

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Abstract

In Butkov Quarry, ammonites of the families Holcodiscidae Spath, 1923 and Barremitidae Breskovski, 1977 occur in the pelagic Lower Cretaceous pelagic deposits of the Manín Unit. This contribution discusses the taxonomy of both families and presents their distribution in the layered sequences of the quarry. The genus Spitidiscus Kilian, 1910 classified as a member of the Superfamily Perisphinctoidea Steinmann in Steinmann and Döderlein, 1890 is an important representative of the Holcodiscidae from a stratigraphic point of view. In areas where the zonal index Acanthodiscus radiatus (Bruguière, 1789) does not occur, as in Butkov Quarry, the first representatives of Spitidiscus indicate the base of the Hauterivian. The genus Plesiospitidiscus Breistroffer, 1947 was long regarded as a member of the Superfamily Desmoceratoidea Zittel, 1895. This superfamily was based on its type species, Eodesmoceras celestini (Pictet and Campiche, 1860), which is not Valanginian in age, as now clearly proven. As a consequence, this superfamily is considered invalid. Vermeulen and Lahondère (2011) proposed an alternative by selecting a suitable initial genus, namely Plesiospitidiscus, for the Family Barremitidae, Superfamily Barremitoidea Breskovski, 1977 ( nom. transl. Vermeulen and Lahondère, 2011).

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Authors and Affiliations

Zdeněk Vašíček

1

Jaap Klein

2

Institute of Geonics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Studentská 1768, CZ-708 00 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
Demmerik 12, NL-3645 EC Vinkeveen, The Netherlands

Stratigraphy of the Albian–Cenomanian (Cretaceous) phosphorite interval in central Poland: a reappraisal

Marcin Machalski Danuta Olszewska-Nejbert Markus Wilmsen

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2023 | vol. 73 | No 1 | 1-31 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2022.142650

Keywords Poland Cretaceous Phosphorites Rare Earth Elements Biostratigraphy Sequence stratigraphy

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Abstract

Several closely-spaced phosphorite beds stand out at the Albian–Cenomanian transition in the mid-Cretaceous transgressive succession at the northeastern margin of the Holy Cross Mountains, central Poland. They form a distinctive condensed interval of considerable stratigraphical, palaeontological, and economic value. Here, we correlate the classical section at Annopol with a recently investigated section at Chałupki. We propose a new stratigraphic interpretation of the phosphorite interval, based on lithological correlations, Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium (REE+Y) signatures of phosphorites, age-diagnostic macrofossils, and sequence stratigraphic patterns. This interval has long been considered as exclusively Albian in age. However, new macrofossil data allow us to assign the higher phosphorite levels at Annopol and Chałupki, which were the primary target for the phosphate mining, to the lower Cenomanian. In terms of sequence stratigraphy, the phosphorite interval encompasses the depositional sequence DS Al 8 and the Lowstand System Tract of the successive DS Al/Ce 1 sequence. The proposed correlation suggests that lowstand reworking during the Albian–Cenomanian boundary interval played an important role in concentrating the phosphatic clasts and nodules to exploitable stratiform accumulations. Our conclusions are pertinent to regional studies, assessments of natural resources (in view of the recent interest in REE content of the phosphorites), and dating of the fossil assemblages preserved in the phosphorite interval. On a broader scale, they add to our understanding of the formation of stratiform phosphorite deposits.

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Authors and Affiliations

Marcin Machalski

1

Danuta Olszewska-Nejbert

2

Markus Wilmsen

3

Institute of Paleobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Twarda 51/55, PL 00-818 Warszawa, Poland
University of Warsaw, Faculty of Geology, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 93, PL 02-089 Warszawa, Poland
Senckenberg Naturhistorische Sammlungen Dresden, Museum für Mineralogie und Geologie, Sektion Paläozoologie, Konigsbrücker Landstr. 159, D-01109 Dresden, Germany

Pre-LGM loess deposits in caves of Polish Jura – occurrence and stratigraphic importance

Maciej T. Krajcarz

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2023 | vol. 73 | No 3 | 433-452 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2023.145624

Keywords Cave deposits loess Stratigraphy Pleistocene Kraków-Częstochowa Upland Poland

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Abstract

Loess is an important component of cave deposits. Loess and loess-like strata in caves and rock shelters may serve as stratigraphic correlative units and paleoclimate indicators. For the Polish Jura (southern Poland), one of the key regions of cave deposits studies in Europe, the published information concerning the stratigraphic importance of loess is limited to the sequences from around the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). In this paper, a review of the archival data about loess deposits situated below the LGM strata in caves and rock shelters of the Polish Jura is presented. The paper discusses the occurrence, lithology, stratigraphy, chronology and paleoecology of the pre-LGM cave loess. The most important sites of the pre-LGM cave loess in the region include: Biśnik Cave, Nietoperzowa Cave, Mamutowa Cave, and Ciemna Cave (only the outer zones). The loess strata in these sites correlate with cold Marine Isotope Stages (MIS): mid-3, 4, 5b–d, 6, and possibly 10. They represent all the main facies of cave loess: typical eolian loess, colluviated loess-like deposits, loess with bedrock debris, and loams of complex grain-size composition but with the predominance of a loess component. Stratigraphic correlations with loess-paleosol sequences are proposed.

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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej T. Krajcarz

1

Institute of Geological Sciences, Polish Academy of Sciences, Twarda 51/55, 00-818 Warszawa, Poland

Upper Albian, Cenomanian and Lower Turonian stratigraphy, ammonite and inoceramid bivalve faunas from the Cauvery Basin, Tamil Nadu, South India

Andrew S. Gale William J. Kennedy Ireneusz Walaszczyk

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2019 | vol. 69 | No 2 | 161-338 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2019.126438

Keywords Cretaceous Ammonites Inoceramid bivalves Sequence stratigraphy SouthIndia

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Abstract

The lithostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, sequence stratigraphy, ammonite and inoceramid faunas of the Upper Albian, Cenomanian, and Lower Turonian Karai Formation, the highest unit of the Uttatur Group in the Pondicherry Sub-Basin of the Cauvery Basin in Tamil Nadu, south India, are documented. Detailed logs and descriptions of sections between Karai and Kulakkalnattam, Odiyam and Kunnam, and north-west of Garudamangalam are presented. They provide the evidence for an ammonite zonal scheme that can be correlated in detail with sequences developed in Europe, with successive Upper Albian zones of Pervinquieria (Subschloenbachia) rostrata and P. (S.) perinflata (the latter on slight evidence), Cenomanian zones of Mantelliceras mantelli, Cunningtoniceras cunningtoni, Calycoceras (Newboldiceras) asiaticum, Pseudo calycoceras harpax, Euomphaloceras septemseriatum and Pseudspidoceras footeanum. The Lower Turonian is represented by a Neoptychites cephalotus–Mytiloides borkari fauna. Over 120 ammonite species are described, of which Puzosia (Bhimaites) falx, Protacanthoceras parva, Watinoceras elegans, Euomphaloceras varicostatum, Kamerunoceras multinodosum, and Carthaginites multituberculatus are new. The new genus Kunnamiceras, with Ammonites tropicus Kossmat, 1865 as type species, is interpreted as a paedomorphic dwarf derivative of Pseudocalycoceras harpax (Stoliczka, 1864). Ammonite faunas from shales are dominated by feebly-ornamented taxa: leiostraca; those from sandstones by strongly ornamented taxa: trachyostraca, differences interpreted as reflecting the preferred habits of adults in life. 15 species of inoceramid bivalves, including a newly described species Inoceramus chiplonkari, are recognised, with a mixed East African–Euramerican–North Pacific affinity. On the basis of the stratigraphic framework developed, a sequence stratigraphic interpretation of the Karai Formation is proposed, and correlated with those recognised in Europe, Morocco, and the United States Gulf Coast and Western Interior.

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Authors and Affiliations

Andrew S. Gale

William J. Kennedy

Ireneusz Walaszczyk

Stratigraphically significant, sporadic Early Cretaceous ammonites in Butkov Quarry (Central Western Carpathians, Slovakia)

Zdeněk Vašíček

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2023 | vol. 73 | No 4 | 587-612 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2023.145625

Keywords Early Cretaceous Ammonites taxonomy stratigraphy Manín Nappe Carpathians

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Abstract

Butkov Quarry provides the best exposed stratigraphic sequence of marly limestones with Early Cretaceous ammonites in the Manín Nappe of the Central Western Carpathians. The presented paper deals with the sporadically occurring zonal ammonites, or ammonites of guiding character, from the Lower Valanginian to Upper Hauterivian. Sixteen species are taxonomically elaborated here in detail. More attention is given to the basic taxonomy of the Subfamily Crioceratitinae Gill, 1871. The species described here, like most of the previously published species from Butkov Quarry, are representatives of the Mediterranean bioprovince and are close to the ammonite association from the Vocontian Basin.

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Authors and Affiliations

Zdeněk Vašíček

1

Institute of Geonics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Studentská 1768, CZ-70800 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic

The significance of subfossil Cladocera in stratigraphy of Late Glacial and Holocene

Krystyna Szeroczyńska

Studia Quaternaria | 2006 | Vol. 23 | 37-45

Keywords stratigraphy “ecostratigraphy” – biostratigraphy climate lakes lacustrine sediments subfossil Cladocera

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Abstract

This paper presents discussion on the results of subfossil Cladocera analyses from five lakes in Poland (Przedni Staw Lake, Perespilno Lake, Gościąż Lake, Imiołki- fossil lake and Ostrowite Lake). The Cladocera are represented in sediments by remains of planktonic (Bosminidae, Daphnidae) and littoral (Chydoridae) forms. Cladoceran assemblage phases ("ecostratigraphy") were determined on the basis of changes in dominance of indicator species and past ecological conditions were reconstructed. The results are being discussed from the viewpoint of climate change and anthropogenic activity and their role in the lake evolution. Moreover, an attempt to use the cladoceran phases for stratigraphic division of the Late Glacial and Holocene was made. During the Bolling/Allerod interstadial, distinguished on the basis of Pollen analysis, Cladocera indicated short phase of bad condition (dry or cold?), probably as the Old Dryas climate results. The beginning of Holocene are characterized, in mountain and lowland lakes, by high increase in the number of species and specimens of Cladocera. This described clear warming and marked the boundary Late Glacial/Holocene. It was indicated that the "ecostratigraphy" based on Cladocera can be useful for climatostratigraphy, if climate was the major factor controlling the development of freshwater lakes.

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Authors and Affiliations

Krystyna Szeroczyńska

Stratigraphy and conditions of accumulation of the Younger Loesses (Vistulian) in the Holy Cross Mountains area, Poland

Jan Dzierżek Leszek Lindner

Studia Quaternaria | 2020 | vol. 37 | Iss. 2 | 109-120 | DOI: 10.24425/sq.2020.133755

Keywords East-Central Europe loess stratigraphy TL-dating wind transport

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Abstract

The paper presents results of studies focused on occurrence and correlation of four main horizons of Younger Loesses: Lowest Younger Loess (LMn – after Maruszczak, 2001), Lower Younger Loess (LMd), Middle Younger Loess (LMs), and Upper Younger Loess (LMg) recorded in five sections (Politów, Wąchock, Nietulisko Małe, Komorniki and Bodzechów) in the Holy Cross Mountains area. All analysed loesses were accumulated during the Vistulian Glaciation (Weichselian). The horizons were distinguished based on separating interstadial tundra soils, coupled with thermoluminescence dating, and correlated with marine oxygen-isotope stages MIS 5d−2. The Lowermost Younger Loess (LMn) covers the Nietulisko I soil complex (Jersak, 1973), developed on deposits of the Odranian Glaciation (MIS 6) and representing a forest soil of the Eemian Interglacial (MIS 5e) and the Brørup warming (MIS 5c). A thin horizon of the Oldest Younger Loess and a thin sandy horizon, both probably corresponding to the Herning cooling phase (MIS 5d) at the boundary with the Eemian Interglacial, were distinguished within this complex. Based on previously performed grain-size and heavy mineral analysis of the Upper Younger Loess (LMg) and a topographic position of the loesses in four loessy islands of diverse regional extent, accumulation of this loess in the Holy Cross Mountains area is found to have been stimulated by the western winds. The proposed model of loess accumulation takes into account the influence of the topography of the area and its geological structure.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jan Dzierżek

Leszek Lindner

Report on the Polish geological investigations in West Antarctica, 1990/91

Krzysztof Birkenmajer

Polish Polar Research | 1991 | vol. 12 | No 3 | 369-390

Keywords West Antarctica regional geology stratigraphy sedimentology tectonics volcanology mapping

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Abstract

Geological investigations of the 4th Polish Geodynamic Expedition to West Antarctica, summer 1990/91, covered the following topics: volcanological studies and mapping at Deception Island; stratigraphic, palaeonotological and sedimentological studies, and mapping of Tertiary glacial and glacio-marine strata on King George Island; sedimentological and mesostructural studies, and mapping at Hurd Peninsula, Livingston Island; and palaeontological sampling of Jurassic (Mount Flora Formation) and Trinity Peninsula Group deposits at Hope Bay, Trinity Peninsula.

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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Birkenmajer

Report on the Polish geological investigations in the Antarctic Peninsula sector, 1987—1988

Krzysztof Birkenmajer

Polish Polar Research | 1988 | vol. 9 | No 4 | 505-519

Keywords West Antarctica regional geology stratigraphy tectonics sedimentology volcanology

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Abstract

Geological investigations of the 3rd Polish Geodynamic Expedition to West Antarctica, 1987—1988, covered the following topics: sedimentological and mesostructural studies of the Trinity Peninsula Group (?Carboniferous — Triassic) at Hope Bay, Cape Legoupil and Andvord Bay, Antarctic Peninsula, and at South Bay. Livingston Island (South Shetland Islands); late Mesozoic plant-bearing terrestrial sediments at Hope Bay; Antarctic Peninsula Volcanic Group, Andean-type plutons and systems of acidic and basic dykes (Upper Cretaceous and ?Tertiary) at Trinity Peninsula and around Gerlache Strait (Arctowski Peninsula, Anvers and Brabant islands); basalts and hyaloclastites within Tertiary glacigenic successions of King George Island; volcanic succession of the Deception Island caldera.

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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Birkenmajer

A putative Tournaisian and Visean volcanic-sedimentary succession in the Lublin Basin, SE Poland: depositional processes, petrological characteristics and sequence stratigraphy

Maria I. Waksmundzka Aleksandra Kozłowska Magdalena Pańczyk

Acta Geologica Polonica | vol. 71 | No 3 | 305-344 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2020.134559

Keywords Tournaisian Visean Lublin Basin Sequence stratigraphy Petrography Cyclothems Volcanic source areas

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to establish the stratigraphic extent of a putative Tournaisian Stage within the Carboniferous succession in the Lublin Basin. The oldest part of the succession, known as the Huczwa Formation and comprising depositional sequences 1–4, was investigated based on lithofacies analysis, sequence stratigraphy and petrographic studies. The article provides descriptions of depositional sequences, parasequences (cyclothems) and lithofacies that were formed in a range of environments (elements of depositional architecture) and as a result of volcanic processes – lava and pyroclastic eruptions and chemical weathering of their products. Correlation of the sequence stratigraphy to the West European and global Carboniferous chronostratigraphic divisions, as well as to the Khoriv suite in the Lviv-Volyn Basin in adjacent Ukraine, indicates a putative late Tournaisian age for sequence 1, and a late Visean age for sequences 2–4. There is a stratigraphic gap between sequences 1 and 2, spanning probably the uppermost Tournaisian and the lower and middle Visean. The upper Tournaisian is represented by the FRST-LST deposits of sequence 1, comprising mainly volcaniclastic conglomerates and sandstones developed in braided-river channels and incised valleys with hyperconcentrated flow processes. These deposits are represented by polymictic paraconglomerate and lithic/sublithic/subarkose arenites or sublithic wackes, and contain predominantly grains of acidic and alkaline volcanic and igneous rocks. This material probably came from the Łuków-Wisznice Elevation and the Volynian Polesia region, located to the NE and E of the Lublin Basin. In the uppermost part of sequence 1, volcanic rocks and tuffs appear which developed during the activity of at least three volcanic cones in the Lublin Basin. The volcanoes were the source of alkaline lavas in the central and SW areas of the basin, and of acidic lavas in the SE area, previously undescribed. The Visean sequences 2–4 consist of the FRST-LST sediments deposited within incised valleys. The TST and HST deposits accumulated mainly in a shallow ramp-type carbonate shelf, shallow clayey shelf and deltaic environments.

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Authors and Affiliations

Maria I. Waksmundzka

1

Aleksandra Kozłowska

1

Magdalena Pańczyk

1

Polish Geological Institute – National Research Institute, Rakowiecka 4, PL-00-975 Warsaw, Poland

A marker band folgen stratigraphy for the Cenomanian Chalk of England and its extension to northen Germany and France

Christopher Vincent Jeans

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2023 | vol. 73 | No 2 | 135-180 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2023.145616

Keywords Cretaceous Cenomanian chalk Folge stratigraphy Marker bands England Northern Germany Northwest France Cenomanian–Turonian Anoxic Event

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Abstract

A novel stratigraphical scheme within the Folge Concept is described for the Cenomanian Chalk of England that is particularly suitable for investigating the regional changes in the lithofacies, diagenesis, geochemistry, and mineralogy of the sediments of the Chalk Sea leading up to the Cenomanian–Turonian Oceanic Anoxic Event. It is based on “isochronous” marker bands defined largely by calcitic macrofossil assemblages, and it avoids problems caused by the poor or non-preservation of ammonite assemblages and lateral changes in chalk lithofacies. Eight folgen are based on one, two, or more marker bands. Their sequences, lithologies and calcitic macrofossil assemblages are described from 33 exposures in the Northern Chalk Province of England. The folgen are named, in ascending order, the Belchford, Stenigot, Dalby, Bigby, Candlesby, Nettleton, Louth and Flixton, after villages in Lincolnshire and Yorkshire, England. The folgen are traced throughout the Transitional and Southern Chalk provinces of England. They are present in the Cenomanian chalk of northern Germany and northwest France. Regionally, an individual folge may display considerable vertical and lateral variation in general lithology and lithofacies whilst still maintaining their defining marker bands. The possibility of further refinement to the scheme is discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

Christopher Vincent Jeans

1

Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Place, Cambridge CB2 3EN, UK

Facies anatomy of a progradational submarine channelized lobe complex: semi-quantitative analysis of the Ropianka Formation (Campanian–Paleocene) in Hucisko Jawornickie section, Skole Nappe, Polish Carpathians

Piotr Łapcik

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2019 | vol. 69 | No 1 | 111-141

Keywords Deep-marine turbidites Depositional lobes Submarine channels Dynamic stratigraphy Facies analysis Markov-chain analysis

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Abstract

This study is a detailed lithofacies analysis of the Wiar and Leszczyny members of the deep-marine Ropianka Formation (Campanian–Paleocene) exposed in the Hucisko Jawornickie section of the Skole Nappe, Polish Carpathian Flysch. The sedimentary succession (>400 m thick) represents a channelized lobe complex that prograded at the base of submarine slope. Seven sedimentary facies are recognized as a record of the principa modes of sediment deposition. Based on their stratigraphic grouping and grain-size trends, six facies associations are distinguished as representing specific sub-environments of the depositional system: distributary channels, channel-mouth lobes, channel levees, crevasses and interlobe basin plain with crevasse splays. The individual facies associations are characterized statistically and their internal facies organization is analysed by the method of embedded Markov chains to reveal the time pattern of depositional processes. The environmental changes indicated by the vertical succession of facies associations are attributed to the autogenic processes of the distributary channel shifting within an aggrading lobe area and the lateral switching of depositional lobes. Eustatic influences are likely, but difficult to ascertain with poor biostratigraphic data. The bulk basinward advance of the base-of-slope system was probably due to a pulse of the tectonic narrowing of the synclinal Skole Basin.

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Piotr Łapcik

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