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The repeatable method of laparoscopic ovum pick-up (OPU) in sheep:clinical aspects and efficiency of the method

J. Wieczorek J. Koseniuk M. Cegla
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2018 | vol. 21 | No 4 | 803–810 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2018.125603
Keywords ovum pick-up sheep laparoscopy oocytes
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Abstract

The aim of the study was to develop new laparoscopic technique for repeated recovery of sheep oocytes. Oocytes were aspirated with specifically designed catheter. It allowed to recover oocytes without ovary damage and to preserve very good quality of recovered oocytes. Fifteen ewes were oocytes donors. Oocytes were collected: one time (group I, n=15), two times (group II, n=15), three times (group III, n=10), four times (group IV, n=5). The endoscope was inserted into the abdominal cavity. Two trockars for putting the manipulators were inserted 15 cm cranial from the udder. Oocytes were collected by aspiration of the follicular fluid from the ovarian follicles. The observed clinical complications were: ovary bleeding and cicatrix at place of needle insertion, the fragmentary adhesion of infundibulum and ovary, adhesions of omentum and peri- toneum near the place where the grasping forceps were inserted and adhesion of ovary and uterus. Ovarian follicles (n=204) were aspirated, 130 (63.8%) oocytes were obtained. Out of 130 obtained oocytes, 112 were qualified for in vitro maturation. The remaining 18 oocytes (13.8%) were rejected due to cytoplasmic changes. The proposed technique allows for the collecting oocytes of good quality that can be used for IMV/IVF techniques and cloning.

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Authors and Affiliations

J. Wieczorek
J. Koseniuk
M. Cegla

Influence of season and breed on serum mineral levels in sheep

J. Autukaitė I. Poškienė V. Juozaitienė R. Undzėnaitė R. Antanaitis H. Žilinskas
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2020 | vol. 23 | No 3 | 473-476 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2020.134695
Keywords sheep breed minerals biochemistry season
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Abstract

The main objective of this study was to assess the concentration of various minerals (Ca, P, Mg, Cu, Zn, Fe) in the blood of sheep, followed by biochemical analysis in order to reveal possible associations of season and breed. The study was conducted by sampling four herds: Suffolk (n=20), Merino (n=20), Lithuanian blackhead (n=20) and Charolaise (n=7). The first blood collection was conducted in April and the last one was performed in February. The highest level of Ca was estimated in Suffolk ewes, lowest (12.61%) in Merino breed; the highest Mg content was found in Lithuanian blackhead breed, lowest (5.26%) in Charolaise; highest P content was determined in Merino, lowest (24.18%) in Suffolk breed (p<0.05). Evalua- tion of the biochemical parameters during different seasons showed a possible environmental effect on the health of the animals. The difference among minerals content showed the highest level in Ca, Mg, Fe in the autumn, P - in the summer, Cu and Zn - in the winter. The lowest differences between seasons were observed in content of Mg (1.24-4.03% from total average of all seasons) and Ca (0.59-8.18%), the highest – in Cu (2.52-18.36 %) and Zn (4.33-24.33%) (p<0.05). The significance of this work is the possible use of the data in the prevention of metabolic and production diseases.

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Authors and Affiliations

J. Autukaitė
I. Poškienė
V. Juozaitienė
R. Undzėnaitė
R. Antanaitis
H. Žilinskas

The effect of tilmicosin and diclofenac sodium combination on cardiac biomarkers in sheep

R. Yildiz D. Durna Corum O. Corum M. Ider O. Atik M. Ok K. Uney
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2023 | vol. 26 | No 1 | 5-12 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145001
Keywords cardiotoxicity diclofenac H-FABP sheep tilmicosin
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the cardiotoxic effect of the combination of tilmicosin and diclofenac sodium in sheep. Thirty-two sheep were used and were randomly divided into four equal groups as tilmicosin (T), diclofenac sodium (D), tilmicosin+diclofenac sodium (TD) and control (C) group. Group T received a single dose of tilmicosin, Group D was administered diclofenac sodium once a day for 3 days, and group TD was administered diclofenac and tilmicosin at the same doses as group T and D. Group C received NaCl in a similar way. The blood samples were taken before dosing and at 4th, 8th, 24th and 72nd hour post-dosing for measurement of cardiac markers such as H-FABP, cTn-I, CK-MB. H-FABP level of group TD was found to be significantly (p<0.05) higher than of group C at the 8th, 24th and 72nd hour and group D and T at the 72nd hour. cTn-I and CK-MB levels of group TD were found significantly (p<0.05) higher compared with other groups. In conclusion, the combined use of tilmicosin and diclofenac in sheep causes an increase in cardiac biomarkers and it can be stated that this combination of drugs may cause cardiac damage.
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Authors and Affiliations

R. Yildiz
1
D. Durna Corum
2
O. Corum
2
M. Ider
3
O. Atik
4
M. Ok
3
K. Uney
5
  1. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy, 15030, Burdur, Turkey
  2. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Hatay Mustafa Kemal, 31060, Hatay, Turkey
  3. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, 42100, Konya, Turkey
  4. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Afyon Kocatepe, 03030, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
  5. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selcuk, 42100, Konya, Turkey

First detection of Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Ehrlichia canis, and Anaplasma ovis in Rhipicephalus bursa ticks collected from sheep, Turkey

A. Ayan B. Aslan Çelik Ö.Y. Çelik Ö. Orunç Kılınç G. Akyıldız A.B. Yılmaz D.N. Sayın İpek Ö. Oktay Ayan A.R. Babaoğlu
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2024 | vol. 27 | No 1 | 85-94 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2024.149338
Keywords sheep tick-borne parasitic diseases Turkey
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Abstract

Anaplasmosis and ehrlichiosis are important tick-borne rickettsial diseases of medical and veterinary importance that cause economic losses in livestock. In this study, the prevalence of Anaplasma ovis, Ehrlichia canis and Ehrlichia chaffeensis was investigated in ticks collected from sheep in various farms in Van province, which is located in the Eastern Anatolian Region of Turkey. The ticks used in this study were collected by random sampling in 26 family farm business in 13 districts of Van province. A total of 688 ticks were collected from 88 sheep and 88 tick pools were created. All ticks identified morphologically as Rhipicephalus bursa. Phylogenetic analysis of Chaperonin and 16S rRNA gene sequences confirmed A. ovis, E. canis and E. chaffeensis in this study. Of the 88 tick pools tested, 28.41% (25/88) were positive for at least one pathogen. Anaplasma DNA was detected in five of the 88 pools (5.68%), E. canis DNA was detected in 19 of the 88 pools (21.59%), and E. chaffeensis DNA was detected in one of the 88 pools (1.14%) of R. bursa ticks. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the presence of A. ovis, E. canis, and E. chaffeensis in R. bursa ticks collected from sheep in Turkey. Further studies are needed to investigate other co-infections in sheep in Turkey.
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Authors and Affiliations

A. Ayan
1
B. Aslan Çelik
2
Ö.Y. Çelik
3
Ö. Orunç Kılınç
4
G. Akyıldız
5
A.B. Yılmaz
6
D.N. Sayın İpek
7
Ö. Oktay Ayan
8
A.R. Babaoğlu
9
  1. Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
  2. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
  3. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
  4. Özalp Vocational School, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
  5. Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
  6. Faculty of Health, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
  7. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey
  8. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
  9. Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey

Occurence and genotype distributionof Cryptosporidium spp.,and Giardia duodenalis in sheep in Siirt,Turkey

B. Aslan Çelik Ö.Y. Çelik A. Ayan Ö. Orunç Kılınç G. Akyıldız K. İrak M.A. Selçuk K. Ercan V. Baldaz Ö. Oktay Ayan
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2023 | vol. 26 | No 3 | 359–366 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145040
Keywords Cryptosporidium spp. Giardia duodenalis molecular analysis phylogeny sheep Turkey
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Abstract

Cryptosporidium spp., and Giardia duodenalis are intestinal protozoan parasites known to infect humans and various animals and cause diarrhea. This study aimed at determining the prevalence and genotype of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis in sheep in different locations of Siirt province. The fecal material for this study was collected from 500 sheep in different locations of Siirt province, Turkey. Fecal samples obtained from sheep were examined for Cryptosporidium spp. by Kinyoun Acid Fast staining and the Nested PCR method. Microscopic and Nested PCR methods revealed a prevalence of 2.4% (12/500) and 3.6% (18/500), respectively. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of C. ryanae, C. andersoni, and zoonotic C. parvum. In terms of Giardia duodenalis, 8.4% (42/500) and 10.2% (51/500) prevalence was determined using Nativ-Lugol and Nested PCR methods, respectively. Using sequence analysis, zoonotic assemblages A and B as well as assemblages E and D were detected. As a result of this study, both the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis and the presence of species that appear to be host-specific, as well as those known to be zoonotic, were revealed. A large-scale study is needed to understand the impact of these agents on sheep farming and their consequences on human health.
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Authors and Affiliations

B. Aslan Çelik
1
Ö.Y. Çelik
2
A. Ayan
3
Ö. Orunç Kılınç
4
G. Akyıldız
5
K. İrak
6
M.A. Selçuk
1
K. Ercan
2
V. Baldaz
2
Ö. Oktay Ayan
7
  1. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
  3. Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
  4. Özalp Vocational School, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey
  5. Department of Basic Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Marmara University, İstanbul, Turkey
  6. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
  7. Department of Parasitology, Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Medicine, Van, Turkey

Effects of non-genetic factors on growth traits and survival rate in Karacabey Merino lambs

H. Hanoglu Oral S. Ozis Altincekic S. Duru
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2023 | vol. 26 | No 3 | 473–481 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2023.145055
Keywords body weight daily weight gain environmental factors Merino sheep
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Abstract

This study was conducted with the aim of determining the growth characteristics and survival rate of Karacabey Merino lambs, as well as the non-genetic factors affecting these traits. The study included data from a total of 17659 lambs and 12263 ewes raised in 30 herds between the years 2011 and 2016 as part of the National Sheep and Goat Improvement Project. The average birth weight of the lambs was determined as 3.73±0.05 kg, the average 45th day live weight was 18.43±0.58 kg, the average weaning (average 91.8 days) weight was 31.83±0.24 kg, and the average daily live weight gain until weaning was 289.1±3.91 g. The average survival rate of lambs at weaning was calculated to be 95.67% ± 1.15. The effects of the factors herd, birth year, birth type, birth season and sex were found significant for all traits (p<0.01). It was established that the mortality rate in lambs in large herds was higher during 6 years in which the project was carried out. Due to the high twinning rate in large herds, the number of lambs per worker is increased, and as a result, they cannot be adequately cared for. For this reason, large farms may be encouraged to increase workmanship services in addition to being provided with protective health practices for lambs throughout the birth period. On the other hand, it was determined that the twinning rate was low in small farms. On farms with fewer sheep populations, it may be advised to flush or administer exogenous hormone treatments to ewes in order to increase fertility and help them bear twins.
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Authors and Affiliations

H. Hanoglu Oral
1
S. Ozis Altincekic
2
S. Duru
2
  1. Muş Alparslan University, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Department of Animal Production and Technologies, Mus, 49250, Türkiye
  2. Bursa Uludag University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, 16059, Bursa, Türkiye

Suspicion of bovine tuberculosis in sheep in the Małopolskie Voivodeship (southern Poland)

A. Didkowska P. Żmuda B. Orłowska M. Nowak K. Filip-Hutsch K. Cuper M. Krajewska-Wędzina K. Anusz
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2022 | vol. 25 | No 3 | 469-473 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2022.142032
Keywords bovine tuberculosis dairy products IGRA sheep tuberculin skin test
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Abstract

Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) in sheep (Ovis aries) is caused by Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium caprae. Even though sheep have been considered less sensitive to BTB than other ruminants, they have been subject to increasing numbers of tuberculosis cases and it has been suggested that they may act as a disease reservoir in some regions. Aim of the study: Following a report of tuberculous-like gross lesions (repeated cases of purulent or caseous lymphadenitis and a single case of serosal tubercles on the peritoneum) from veterinarians working in a slaughterhouse in the Małopolskie Voivodeship, southern Poland, the aim of this study was to conduct ante-mortem BTB diagnostics in three flocks with suspected BTB. The animals for testing were selected randomly from the flocks; a blood sample for interferon-γ release assay (IGRA) and a single tuberculin skin test (TST) was performed on each sheep. All TST results were negative. The IGRA result was positive in two ewes from the same flock (four and five years of age); these two sheep were tested microbiologically using Stonebrink and Löwenstein-Jensen media. No gross lesions suggesting BTB were observed, and the culture results were negative. Based on the positive IGRA results, together with its high specificity in sheep, and the potential risk to humans posed by consuming local unpasteurized dairy products, we recommend introducing serological BTB screening in sheep from this area, and subjecting the positive results to confirmation by culture.
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Authors and Affiliations

A. Didkowska
1
P. Żmuda
2
B. Orłowska
1
M. Nowak
1
K. Filip-Hutsch
1
K. Cuper
1
M. Krajewska-Wędzina
3
K. Anusz
1
  1. Department of Food Hygiene and Public Health Protection, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 166, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
  2. University Centre of Veterinary Medicine UJUR, Al. Mickiewicza 24/28, 30059 Kraków, Poland
  3. Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland

Antimicrobial resistance of bacterial isolates from sheep and goat cheeses in eastern Slovakia

J. Výrostková I. Regecová E. Dudriková J. Maľová F. Zigo M. Kováčová J. Illek
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2021 | vol. 24 | No 1 | 13-22 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2020.135814
Keywords antimicrobial resistance sheep cheese goat cheese Staphylococcacae Enterobacteriacae
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine prevalence of undesirable bacteria and their antimicrobial profile in samples obtained from a productive farm situated in border region Slanské vrchy (Slovakia), involved in keeping sheep and goats for the purpose of processing raw milk to special products (cheeses). Genus and species identification was carried out by PCR method and MALDI –TOF MS. Isolates thus identified were detected for antimicrobial resistance using the Agar Dilution Method.
Bacteria of Staphylococcus spp. exhibited the highest resistance to penicillin (98% isolates). Isolates from the family Enterobacteriacae showed the highest resistance to azithromycin (90%). At the same time, in isolates of Enterococcus spp. we detected high resistance to linezolid (100%). Our investigation showed that all tested strains were resistant to more than one antibiotic used in this study.
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Authors and Affiliations

J. Výrostková
1
I. Regecová
1
E. Dudriková
1
J. Maľová
1
F. Zigo
M. Kováčová
J. Illek
  1. Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Komenského 73, 041 81 Košice, Slovak Republic

Potential immune modulating properties and antioxidant activity of supplementing commercially available lactoferrin and/orLactobacillus sp. in healthy Ossimi lambs

M. El-Ashker E. Risha F. Abdelhamid A. Ateya
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2018 | vol. 21 | No 4 | 705-713 | DOI: 10.24425/124309
Keywords immunity lactoferrin lambs redox status probiotic RT-PCR sheep
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Abstract

The use of lactoferrin (LF) and/or lactobacillus sp. (LB) to improve animal health and production has increased recently. However, information regarding the immune-modulatory role of LB supplementations either alone or in combination with LF in sheep remains unclear. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the immune modulating properties and the antioxidant activity of supplementing commercially available LF and/or LB in healthy lambs. For this reason, twenty-four apparently healthy Ossimi lambs were used. After three weeks of acclimatization, the lambs were randomly allocated to four equal-sized groups and assigned to receive one of the following supplements: LB at a dose of ~ 1 g active ingredient/head (group 1), LF at a dose rate of 0.5 gm /head (group 2), a combination of both treatments using the same dosing regimens (group 3), and (group 4) received only 10 mL of isotonic saline and was considered as a control group. All supplements were given orally twice daily for 30 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected from each lamb before starting the experiment (T0) and two weeks (T15), and four weeks (T30) after giving supplements for hematological examinations, serum biochemical analyses, and RT-PCR assays. Our findings demonstrated that lambs receiving LB showed statistically significant (P<0.05) higher values of total leucocytes, lymphocytes and lysozyme activity than those receiving LF. In contrast, lambs that received LF had significantly (P< 0.05) higher values of serum catalase, nitric oxide and GSH with a significantly lower MDA level compared with those supplemented with LB. A combination of LF and LB supplementation elicited maximal up-regulation of Tollip, TLR4, IL-5, and IL-6 gene expression compared with other groups. The results suggest that bovine LF and or LB could be used as useful nutritional supplements to support the immune system in healthy lambs.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. El-Ashker
E. Risha
F. Abdelhamid
A. Ateya

Molecular investigation and phylogeny of Theileria spp. from naturally infected sheep and the first report of Theileria sp. OT3 in Sulaymaniyah governorate/Iraq

S.H. Abdullah S.A. Ali
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences | 2021 | vol. 24 | No 2 | 201-209 | DOI: 10.24425/pjvs.2021.136809
Keywords Theileria ovis T. lestoquardi T. uilenbergi PCR sheep parasites
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Abstract

Theileriosis is a significant hemoprotozoal disease of domestic and wild ruminants in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Ovines are mainly infected by T. ovis and T. lestoquardi, causing economic losses. Due to data scarceness in the Sulaymaniyah governorate, north of Iraq, this study was conducted to investigate subclinical theileriosis using microscopic examination and PCR. A total of 450 blood samples were collected from eight districts in Sulaymaniyah. The samples were randomly taken from clinically healthy sheep in 40 farms from April to Octo- ber 2017. Following the organism verification, PCR products were sequenced and aligned. The study results revealed that 76.0% (n=342) and 58.0% (n=261) of the examined samples were positive for Theileria spp. by PCR and microscopic examination. T. ovis was reported in 76.0% (n=342) of all tested samples, while T. lestoquardi was present in 28.4% (n=97) of the positive specimens. Higher infection rates were observed during July and August. Analysis of the 18S rRNA gene partial sequence of the studied isolates with corresponding sequences in GenBank showed high degrees of identities with T. ovis and T. lestoquardi isolates reported from Iraq and other countries. T. uilenbergi and T. sp. OT3 were detected only through analysis of obtained partial sequences from Theileria-positive samples. Following analysis, T. uilenbergi isolates represented a high homology degree with Theileria isolates from Iraq and China. The newly identified T. sp. OT3 showed >99% identity with T. sp. OT3 isolates of Chinese and Spanish origin.
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Authors and Affiliations

S.H. Abdullah
1
S.A. Ali
2
  1. Department of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madame Mitterrand, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
  2. Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Madame Mitterrand, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

Genesis of the Carpathism Koshara

Надія Пашкова
Slavia Orientalis | 2020 | vol. LXIX | No 4 | 899-912 | DOI: 10.24425/slo.2020.135784
Keywords Carpathian dialects Slavic languages Balkan languages the word for sheep pen
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Abstract

The purpose of the article is to study the origin and spread of the Carpathism koshara in Slavic and Balkan languages and within Carpathian dialects. The material used in the analysis comprises general, specialist and dialect dictionaries, as well as dialectological atlases and maps. The study has used methods of semantic and phonetic analysis of lexicographic sources, an interpretation of linguistic maps as well as etymological analysis. A comparative‑historical study of the word koshara allows one to determine such a development of meaning: “the result of weaving, something woven”. Then there was a transfer to capacity and, finally, specialization: “capacity for carrying things, basket”, “capacity for body, clothes”, “capacity for housing, house”, “housing for people”, “housing for animals”. The comparative‑historical research conducted involving broad dialectical material has allowed one to finally accept the еastern etymology of the word from the turс. koš, related to the verb košmak.
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Authors and Affiliations

Надія Пашкова
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Київський національний лінгвістичний університет

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