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Number of results: 20
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Abstract

Due to different reasons a significant modal shift from railway to road transport took place over last decades. The basic reasons are pointed in the paper introduction together with contradicting transport policy taking into account environmental and economical challenges. Political vision to stimulate modal shift from road and air to railway cannot become true without achieving railway technical and operational interoperability. Paper describes wide range of technical barriers between individual intraoperable railway systems in civil engineering structures, traction power supply, control command and signalling and the ways, which are being applied to ensure stepwise converging of the technical solutions taking into account safety and technical compatibility, as well as other essential requirements, namely: reliability, accessibility, health and environment.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Pawlik
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Abstract

The influence and the potential risk due to hidden faults of a relay protection system on power supply in distribution systems are paid more and more attention to. A probability analysis method is used to analyse fault characteristics and action mechanism of dominant faults, hidden misoperation and non-operation of the relay protection systems, and failure probability model of relay protection system is constructed and simplified. The effects of dominant faults, hidden misoperation and non-operation of the relay protection systems on the reduced power supply load power are analysed, and a probabilistic model for reduced power supply load power is constructed by three parts corresponding to dominant faults, hidden misoperation and non-operation. A probability calculation method of power supply risk occurrence due to hidden faults of relay protecttion system is proposed considering the fault probability of the relay protection systems, the frequency of the hidden faults occurring in operation period, the reduced power supply load power or load power outage, and the connection mode of the in-lines, out-lines and transformers in a substation. The feasibility and applicability of the proposed method for estimation of risk value probability of the relay protection systems is verified by two studied examples.

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Authors and Affiliations

Si Tuyou
Wu Jiekang
Yuan Weideng
Du Anan
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Abstract

Along with the increase in the use of nonlinear electronic devices, e.g. personal computers, power tools and other electrical appliances, the requirements for uninterruptible power supplies are constantly growing. This paper proposes a method and deep analysis of results viable for checking how single-phase uninterruptible power supplies (UPSs) cope with nonlinear circuits under varying power loads in terms of electric energy quality.Various classes of single-phase UPS systems with different topologies were tested, for instance line-interactive and double conversion (online) single-phase UPS devices. Furthermore, measurements were carried out in view of a power source – loads were supplied both from a power grid and UPS built-in battery. Juxtaposition of the obtained results such as a THDU, THDI (Total Harmonic Distortion) percentage ratio of input/output voltage and current, a power factor and crest factor volume etc. of the tested UPS systems indicated major differences in their performance during laboratory tests.

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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Szulborski
Łukasz Kolimas
Sebastian Łapczyński
Przemysław Szczęśniak
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Abstract

This original paper deals with a new approach for the study of behavior in nonlinear regime of a new three-phase high voltage power supply for magnetrons, used for the microwave generators in industrial applications. The design of this system is composed of a new three-phase leakage flux transformer supplying by phase a cell, composed of a capacitor and a diode, which multiplies the voltage and stabilizes the current. Each cell. in turn, supplies a single magnetron. An equivalent model of this transformer is developed taking into account the saturation phenomenon and the stabilization process of each magnetron. Each inductance of the model is characterized by a non linear relation between flux and current. This model was tested by EMTP software near the nominal state. The theoretical results were compared to experimental measurements with a good agreement. Relative to the current device, the new systemprovides gains of size, volume, cost of implementation and maintenance which make it more economical.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Chraygane
N. El Ghazal
M. Fadel
B. Bahani
A. Belhaiba
M. Ferfra
M. Bassoui
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Abstract

In order to improve the efficiency and ensure the security of power supply used in a mine, this paper mainly studies the quasi-resonant flyback secondary power supply and analyzes its operational principles based on the requirements of soft-switching technology. In accordance with the maximum energy of a short-circuit and the request of maximum output voltage ripple, this paper calculates the spectrum value of the output filter capacitor and provides its design and procedures to determine the parameters of the main circuit of power supply. The correctness and availability of this theory are eventually validated by experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

Shengnan Lu
Bin Wang
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

This paper presents an innovative solution for increasing life of lead-acid batteries used in a glider launcher. The study is focused on upgrading a charging system instead of a costly full replacement of it. Based on literature review, the advanced three-stage charging profile was indicated. The new topology of the power converter was proposed and a simulation model was developed. A simulation study was performed which leads to a conclusion that the suggested solution can be successfully applied to the studied device. As a result, the conclusion of this work is the recommendation for modification of the launching system with an additional converter enabling 3 stage charging.

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Authors and Affiliations

Wojciech Aleksander Rosiński
Szymon Potrykus
Michal Sergiusz Michna
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Abstract

Water scarcity is a phenomenon that is occurring more and more frequently in larger areas of Europe. As a result of drought, there are significant drops in yields. As demand for food continues to rise, it is becoming necessary to bring about a substantial increase in crop production. The best solution to water scarcity appears to be irrigation for crops that are particularly sensitive to drought. Today, many technical solutions are used to supply and distribute water to crops. The optimal solution is drip irrigation, which makes it possible to deliver water directly to the plant root system to save melting freshwater resources. In the article special attention was paid to methods of supplying electricity to power irrigation pumps. The analysis was made for areas with a significant distance between the agricultural land and the urbanised area (which has water and electricity). The authors have selected the parameters of an off-grid photovoltaic mini-hydropower plant with energy storage (with a power of 1.36 kW). An analysis was made of the profitability of such an investment and a comparison with other types of power supply. Based on the performed calculations, a prototype power supply system equipped with photovoltaic panels was made to show the real performance of the proposed system. The tests carried out showed that the irrigation pump will be powered most of the time with a voltage whose parameters will be very close to the nominal ones.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zbigniew Skibko
1
ORCID: ORCID
Wacław Romaniuk
2
ORCID: ORCID
Andrzej Borusiewicz
3
ORCID: ORCID
Stanisław Derehajło
3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Wiejska 45 D, 15-351 Białystok, Poland
  2. Institute of Technology and Life Sciences – National Research Insitute, Falenty, Poland
  3. The Higher School of Agribusiness in Łomża, Poland
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Abstract

The paper is the second part of the work, devoted to a DC power supply with a power factor correction function. The power supply is equipped additionally with a shunt active power filter function, which enables the compensation of reactive and distortion power, generated by loads, connected to the same power grid node. A tunable inductive filter, included at the input of the power electronics current source – the main block of the power supply – allows for an improvement of the quality of the system control, compared to the device with a fixed inductive filter. This improvement was possible by extending the current source “frequency response”, which facilitated increasing the dynamics of current changes at the power supply input. The second part of the work briefly reminds the reader of the principle of operation and the structures of both the power supply control system and its power stage. The main purpose of this paper is to present the selected test results of the laboratory model of the electric system with the power supply.
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Bibliography

  1.  M. Gwóźdź, Ł. Ciepliński, and M. Krystkowiak, “Power supply with parallel reactive and distortion power compensation and tunable inductive filter – Part 1,” Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci. Tech. Sci., vol. 68, no. 3, pp. 401–408, 2020.
  2.  Y. Ma, F. Hong, X. Zhou, and Z. Gao, “An overview on harmonic suppression,” 2018 Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC), Shenyang, 2018, pp. 4943– 4948, doi: 10.1109/CCDC.2018.8407987.
  3.  M. Pasko, D. Buła, K. Dębowski, D. Grabowski, and M. Maciążek, “Selected methods for improving operating conditions of three- phase systems working in the presence of current and voltage deformation – part I,” Archives of Electrical Engineering, vol. 67, no. 3, pp. 591–602, 2018.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Gwóźdź
1
ORCID: ORCID
Rafał Wojciechowski
1
ORCID: ORCID
Łukasz Ciepliński
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Poznan University of Technology, Faculty of Control, Robotics and Electrical Engineering, Piotrowo 3A, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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Abstract

Assessment of the state of a pulse power supply requires effective and accurate methods to measure and reconstruct the tracking error. This paper proposes a tracking error measurement method for a digital pulse power supply. A de-noising algorithm based on Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) is used to analyse the energy of each Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF) component, identify the turning point of energy, and reconstruct the signal to obtain the accurate tracking error. The effectiveness of this EMD method is demonstrated by simulation and actual measurement. Simulation was used to compare the performance of time domain filtering, wavelet threshold de-noising, and the EMD de-noising algorithm. In practical use, the feedback of current on the prototype of the power supply is sampled and analysed as experimental data.

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Authors and Affiliations

Rongkun Wang
Sigun Sun
Bingtao Hu
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Abstract

The work presents a DC power supply with power factor correction (PFC). This device is also equipped with a parallel active filter function, which enables the possibility of compensation (minimization) of reactive and distortion power, generated by a group of loads, connected to the same power grid node. A passive filter with variable inductance applied at the input of the power supply allows for a significant improvement in quality of the system control (given specific criteria), as compared to the solution with a filter with fixed parameters. This is possible by increasing the dynamics of current changes at the power supply input (extending its “frequency response”). The paper presents the principle of operation as well as structures and models of the power supply control system and its power stage. Selected test results of the simulation model of the electric system with the power supply, in various operating conditions, are also presented.

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Authors and Affiliations

M. Gwóźdź
Ł. Ciepliński
M. Krystkowiak
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Abstract

The article concerns safety of power supply for the final consumers, especially its two comprising elements, which are generation adequacy and distribution system reliability. Generation adequacy has been defined with Loss of Load Probability (LOLP), Loss of Load Expectation (LOLE) and Energy Not Supplied (ENS) indices. Conclusions from generation adequacy forecast prepared by ENSTO-E for Poland compared with other European countries for the years 2020 and 2025 have been discussed along with the resulting threats. Interruptions in energy supply have been characterised by power discontinuity indicator SAIDI. Finally, a reliability and adequacy analysis have been performed for different scenarios of the Polish power system operation in order to assess possibilities of using distributed generation as a backup power source. Based on a simulation model created using the DIgSILENT Power Factory software, the reliability and adequacy calculations have been performed with the probabilistic non-sequential Monte Carlo method and they are followed by a discussion of the obtained results.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jerzy Andruszkiewicz
Józef Lorenc
Agnieszka Weychan
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Abstract

Installation and operation of rail vehicles powered by multiple system voltages forces the construction of multi-system traction substation. The article describes a traction substation power supply with 15 kV output voltage and frequency Hz and 25 kV at 50 Hz. The topology of the power electronics system and the control structure of the power supply enables parallel connection of several power supplies. The selected topology and control structure ensures minimizing the rms value of the LCRL filter capacitor current used at the output of the inverters. The article analyses the influence of harmonics consumed by the active front end (AFE) rectifier used in traction vehicles on the rms current of the LCRL filter capacitor.
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Bibliography

  1.  L. Asiminoaei, E. Aeloiza, P.N. Enjeti, and F. Blaabjerg, “Shunt Active-Power-Filter Topology Based on Parallel Interleaved Inverters”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 55(3), 1175–1189 (2008), doi: 10.1109/TIE.2007.907671.
  2.  H.-G. Jeong, D.-K. Yoon, and K.-B. Lee, “Design of an LCL-Filter for Three-Parallel Operation of Power Converters in Wind Turbines”, J. Power Electron. 13(3), 437–446 (2013), doi: 10.6113/JPE.2013.13.3.437.
  3.  T. Platek, “Analysis of Ripple Current in the Capacitors of Active Power Filters”, Energies 12(23), 1‒31 (2019), doi: 10.3390/en12234493.
  4.  D. Shin, H.-J. Kim, J.-P. Lee, T.-J. Kim, and D.-W. Yoo, “Coupling L-CL Filters and Active Damping Method for Interleaved Three-Phase Voltage Source Inverters”, in 2015 17th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE’15 ECCE-Europe), Geneva, 2015, pp. 1‒10, doi: 10.1109/EPE.2015.7309318.
  5.  G.G. Balazs, M. Horvath, I. Schmidt, and P. Kiss, “Examination of new current control methods for modern PWM controlled AC electric locomotives”, in 6th IET International Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drives (PEMD 2012), Bristol, 2012, pp. 1‒5, doi: 10.1049/cp.2012.0314.
  6.  P. Falkowski, A. Sikorski, K. Kulikowski, and M. Korzeniewski, “Properties of active rectiefier with LCL filter in the selection process of the weighting factors in finite control set-MPC”, Bull. Pol. Acad. Sci. Tech. Sci. 68(1), 51–60 (2020), doi: 10.24425/bpasts.2020.131836.
  7.  J. Michalik, J. Molnar, and Z. Peroutka, “Optimal Control of Traction Single-Phase Current–Source Active Rectifier”, in Proceedings of 14th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference EPE-PEMC 2010, Ohrid, 2010, pp. T9-82-T9-88, doi: 10.1109/ EPEPEMC.2010.5606604.
  8.  L.Di. Donna, F. Liccardo, P. Marino, C. Schiano, and M. Triggianese, “Single-phase synchronous active front-end for high power applications,” in Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, 2005. ISIE 2005, Dubrovnik, Croatia, 2005, vol. 2, pp. 615‒620, doi: 10.1109/ISIE.2005.1528987.
  9.  D.G. Holmes, T.A. Lipo, Pulse Width Modulation For Power Converters, pp. 125–146, IEEE PRESS, Willey-Interscience. Copyright, 2003.
  10.  W. Wu, M. Huang, and F. Blaabjerg, “Efficiency comparison between the LLCL and LCL-filters based single-phase grid-tied inverters“, Arch. Electr. Eng. 63(1), 63‒79 (2014), doi: 10.2478/aee-2014-0005.
  11.  M. Liserre, F. Blaabjerg, and S. Hansen, “Design and Control of an LCL-Filter-Based Three-Phase Active Rectifier”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. 41(5), 1281‒1291 (2005), doi: 10.1109/TIA.2005.853373.
  12.  K. Jalili and S. Bernet, “Design of LCL Filters of Active-Front-End Two-Level Voltage-Source Converters”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 56(5), 1674‒1689, (2009), doi: 10.1109/TIE.2008.2011251.
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  14.  F. Liu, X. Zha, Y. Zhou, and S. Duan, “Design and research on parameter of LCL filter in three-phase grid-connected inverter”, in Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, 2009. IPEMC ’09. IEEE 6th International, May 2009, pp. 2174 –2177, doi: 10.1109/ IPEMC.2009.5157762.
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  16.  A.A. Rockhill, M. Liserre, R. Teodorescu, and P. Rodriguez, “Grid-Filter Design for a Multimegawatt Medium-Voltage Voltage-Source Inverter”, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron. 58(4), 1205–1217 (2011), doi: 10.1109/TIE.2010.2087293.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tadeusz Płatek
1
Tomasz Osypinski
2
Zdziaław Chłodnicki
2

  1. Institute of Control and Industrial Electronics, Warsaw University of Technology, Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Medcom Company, Jutrzenki 78A, 02-315 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

In this paper, a DC power supply is presented that, in addition to a power factor correction, is equipped with an active power filter function. This function enables compensation of both the reactive and the distortion power, generated by an external load, which is connected to the same power line node as the presented device. A tuneable inductive filter is added at the input of the power electronics controlled current source, which constitutes the main block of the power supply. This filter allows for a visible improvement in the quality of the current source control, compared to a similar device with a fixed inductive filter. This improvement depends on extending the “frequency response” of the current source, which facilitates an increase in the dynamics of changes in the input current of the power supply. The actual modification to the presented device is related to its control section, which is equipped with analogue regulators. The main purpose of this work is to present the results from a simulation model of an electrical system with a power supply, especially compared to those from a similar device but with a discrete control. The work represents a continuation of a research cycle on DC power supplies that are equipped with a power compensation function and are based on tuneable magnetic devices.
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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Gwóźdź
1
ORCID: ORCID
Łukasz Ciepliński
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Poznan University of Technology, Faculty of Control, Robotics and Electrical Engineering, Piotrowo 3A, 60-965 Poznan, Poland
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Abstract

In order to achieve energy savings and promote on-site integration of photovoltaic energy in electrified railways, a topology structure is proposed for the integration of photovoltaic (PV) and the energy storage system (ESS) into the traction power supply system (TPSS) based on a railway power conditioner (RPC). This paper analyzes the composition and operation principles of this structure. To assess the economic benefits brought by the integration of photovoltaic and energy storage systems, a bilevel optimization model is established, with the objectives of optimizing energy storage capacity configuration and photovoltaic energy integration. The KKT (Karush–Kuhn–Tucker) method is employed to transform the model into a single-layer mixed-integer linear programming model, which is then solved using the CPLEX solver in MATLAB. The research findings indicate that, with the configuration of the ESS, the optimal PV consumption rate achieved is 96.8749%. Compared to a 100% PV consumption rate, the ESS capacity configuration is reduced by 13.14%, and the overall operational cost of the TPSS is at its lowest. The study suggests that the proposed bilevel optimization algorithm can more effectively consider PV consumption, leading to enhanced economic performance of the TPSS operation.
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Authors and Affiliations

Wei Zhang
1
ORCID: ORCID
Xiaoqiang Chen
1
Ying Wang
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou,730070 China
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Abstract

This article presents the main stages and challenges in modelling and designing of modern ultrasonic welding and cutting systems. First, the key components of such a system, such as an ultrasonic stack (con- sisting of a high power ultrasonic transducer and a sonotrode) and a digitally controlled ultrasonic power supply with precise control of the output power, have been considered. Next, a concept of measurement system for verification and validation of mathematical models of ultrasonic stacks and its components has been presented. Finally, a method of ultrasonic stack e-diagnosis based on ultrasonic transducer electrical impedance measurement during welding and cutting process has been described
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Authors and Affiliations

Andrzej Milewski
Piotr Kluk
Witold Kardyś
Paweł Kogut
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Abstract

The paper presents an overview of a method of nanosecond-scale high voltage pulse generation using magnetic compression circuits. High voltage (up to 18 kV) short pulses (up to 1.4 μs) were used for Pulsed Corona Discharge generation. In addition, the control signal of parallel connection of IGBT and MOSFET power transistor influence on system losses is discussed. For a given system topology, an influence of core losses on overall pulse generator efficiency is analysed.

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Authors and Affiliations

Michał Balcerak
Ryszard Pałka
Marcin Hołub
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Abstract

The operating temperature of the transmission line in the traction network is affected by geographical and climatic factors, especially the wind speed. To make better use of the thermal stability transmission capacity of the traction power supply system in improving the short-term emergency transmission capacity, the dynamic rating technology is introduced into the traction power supply system. According to the time-varying characteristics of the actual wind speed, a dynamic rating method of the traction network based on wind speed prediction is proposed and constructed. Based on the time series model in predicting the wind speed series along the corridor of the traction network, the temperature curve of each transmission line under different currents is calculated by combining it with the heat balance equation of an IEEE-738 capacity expansion model, thus the relationship between the peak operating temperature and current of each transmission line in the prediction period is obtained. According to the current distribution coefficient, the capacity increase limit of the traction network is determined. The example shows that the proposed dynamic rating method based on wind speed prediction is an effective method to predict the short-term safe capacity increase limit of the traction network, which can increase the comprehensive capacity of the traction network by about 45% in the next six hours, and the capacity increase effect is obvious, which can provide reference and technical support for short-term emergency dispatching of traction power supply dispatching centres.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zhaoxu Su
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mingxing Tian
1
Lijun Sun
1
Ruopeng Zhang
1

  1. School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, China
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Abstract

High-frequency resonance is a prominent phenomenon which affects the normal operation of the high-speed railway in China. Aiming at this problem, the resonance mechanism is analyzed first. Then, model predictive control and selective harmonic elimination pulse-width modulation (MPC-SHEPWM) combined control strategy is proposed, where the harmonics which cause the resonance can be eliminated at the harmonic source. Besides, the MPC is combined to make the current track the reference in transients. The proposed control has the ability to suppress the resonance while has a faster dynamic performance comparing with SHEPWM. Finally, the proposed MPC-SHEPWM is tested in a simulation model of CRH5 (Chinese Railway High-speed), EMUs (electric multiple units) and a traction power supply coupled system, which shows that the proposed MPC-SHEPWM approach can achieve the resonance suppression and shows a better dynamic performance.
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Bibliography

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[10] Li J.,Wu M., Molinas M., Song K., Liu Q., Assessing High-Order Harmonic Resonance in Locomotive- Network Based on the Impedance Method, IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 68119–68131 (2019).
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Authors and Affiliations

Sitong Chen
1
ORCID: ORCID
Xiaoqiang Chen
1
Ying Wang
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ye Xiong
1

  1. School of Automation and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, China
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Abstract

A principle diagram of a high-voltage low-power power supply for devices comprising a microchannel plate (MCP) has been developed. A mathematical model was built according to the developed scheme for a detailed study of the operation of the power supply and the selection of the optimal parameters of its components and obtaining the best output voltages. The power supply circuit comprises a control circuit, a pulse transformer, a voltage multiplier circuit, a feedback circuit, and an input stabilizer. The input stabilizer provides the maintenance of the voltage switched in the primary winding of the transformer at a given level regardless of the voltage drop of the power supply primary source. Moreover the stabilizer provides constant voltage maintenance when the load resistance changes. (with Rload changing from 100 to 200 MΩ, Uout did not exceed 3 V).
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Boris Martemianov
1
Alexander Ryzhkov
1
Grigoriy Vdovin
1

  1. Limited Liability Company Vladikavkaz Technological Center "BASPIK", North Osetia

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