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Number of results: 15
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Abstract

Quantum cascade laser is one of the most sophisticated semiconductor devices. Its technology requires extremely high precision and layers quality. Device performance is limited by thermal extraction form laser core. One of solutions is to apply highly resistivity epitaxial material acting as insulating layer on top of the QCL. Present work describes consequent steps of elaboration of MOVPE technology of Fe-compensated InP layers for further applications in quantum cascade lasers.

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Authors and Affiliations

Mikołaj Badura
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

The paper presents a modification of capillary optical fibers fabrication method from an assembled glass preform. A change of dimensional proportions in the capillary optical fiber drawn from a single preform is allowed on-line via the control of overpressure and thermal conditions in the outflow meniscus which essentially lowers the manufacturing costs. These conditions are among the solutions (velocity fields) of the Navier-Stokes equations adapted to the capillary optical fiber pulling geometry and temperature distribution in the oven. The velocity fields give solutions to other quantities of interest such as flow rate, pulling force and fiber geometry. The calculation and experimental results for capillary optical fibers were shown in the following dimensional range: internal diameters 2-200 µm, external diameters 30-350 µm, within the assumed dimensional stability (including ellipticity) better than 1%. The parameters of fabricated capillary optical fibers of high-quality low-loss optical multicomponent glasses were: losses 100 dB/km, mechanical strength above 1GPa with Weibull coeffcient in the range 3-7, internal numerical aperture 0.1-0.3, external numerical aperture 0.1-0.3, core index 1.5-1.8, transparency 0.4-2 µm, thermally and/or chemically conditioned internal surface, double polyimide protection layer, soft or hard jacketed, connectorized. The capillary optical fibers were applied in our own and several external laboratories in spectroscopy, refractometry, micro-fluidics and functional microoptic components. The paper summarizes a design, technological and application work on capillary optical fibers performed during a recent national research program devoted to optoelectronic components and modules.

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Authors and Affiliations

R. Romaniuk
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Abstract

What does it take to secure a foothold in the global high-tech market and keep such a business afloat? We can look at the experiences of other companies to find proven solutions and answers to the most important questions.

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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Chrzanowski
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

This paper comprehensively presents key issues in design of an original optoelectronic measurement device built to assess amount of suspended particulate matter. The paper is introduced with a short explanation of concerns with a suspended particulate matter, what role it has in the air quality and how it affects health of human population. Then, problems of construction of the measurement device supported by a theoretical explanation on the basis of Mie theory are discussed. Subsequently, it is followed by an analysis of the device operation both in laboratory and in real conditions. Results obtained with the presented device are compared with the professional measurement equipment and an expensive, outdoor measurement station. Paper is concluded with observations of differences in spatio-temporal PM change at very close but significantly different city locations.

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Authors and Affiliations

L. Makowski
B. Dziadak
M. Suproniuk
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Abstract

The paper presents a design and performance analysis of a photosensor device enabling the measurement of the visible light illuminance. The sensor is designed for use in the light metering matrix of a mobile measurement platform allowing the correct operation of in-pavement airport lamps. This kind of control can be required by regulations and must meet the standards defined by the European Union Aviation Safety Agency (EASA). An important assumption of the solution was to obtain the highest possible speed of a measurement acquisition so that the control process would take place in a relatively short time. The proposed module concept is dedicated to the task of testing the quality of airport lamps, due to the characteristics of the photosensitive elements matching the light beams emitted by luminaries. The device is based on a VTP1220FBH photodiode and an ATmega328P microcontroller, which, in addition to the analogue-to-digital conversion and correction, sends the results back to the master unit via the I 2C bus.
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Bibliography

  1. Certification Specifications (CS) and Guideline Material (GM) for Aerodrome Design Edition 3, Annex to Decision No. 2016/027/Rof the EASA Executive Director, European Aviation Safety Agency. https://www.easa.europa.eu/en/downloads/21730/en (2016).
  2. Suder, J., Maciejewski, P., Podbucki, K., Marciniak, T. & Dąbrowski, A. Platforma pomiarowa do badania jakości działania lamp lotniskowych (Measuring platform fo quality testing of airport lamps). Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka PAR 23, 5–13 (2019). https://doi.org/10.14313/PAR_232/5 (in Polish)
  3. Podbucki, K., Suder, J., Marciniak, T. & Dąbrowski, A. Elektro-niczna matryca pomiarowa do badania lamp lotniskowych (Electronic measuring matrix for testing airport lamps). Przegląd Elektrotechniczny 97, 47–51 (2021). https://doi.org/10.15199/48.2021.02.12 (in Polish)
  4. Suder, J., Podbucki, K., Marciniak, T. & Dąbrowski, A. Spectrum sensors for detecting type of airport lamps in a light photometry system. Opto-Electron. Rev. 29, 133–140 (2021). https://doi.org/10.24425/opelre.2021.139383
  5. Suder, J., Podbucki, K., Marciniak, T. & Dąbrowski, A. Low complexity lane detection methods for light photometry system. Electronics 10, 1665 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10141665
  6. BH1750 Digital 16bit Serial Output Type Ambient Light Sensor IC Technical Note. https://www.mouser.com/datasheet/2/348/bh1750fvi-e-186247.pdf (2011).
  7. Krac, E. & Górecki, K. Wpływ kąta padania światła na wartości natężenia oświetlenia zmierzone za pomocą czujników fotometry-cznych (Influence of the angle of incidence of light on the values of illuminance measureg with photodetectors). Przegląd Elektro-techniczny 97, 214–217 (2021). https://doi.org/10.15199/48.2021.12.44 (in Polish)
  8. Sitompul, D. D., Surya, F. E., Suhandi, F. P. & Zakaria, H. Runway Edge Light Photometry System by Using Drone-Mounted Instrument. in International Symposium on Electronics and Smart Devices (ISESD) 1–5 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/ISESD.2019.8909498
  9. Sitompul, D. S. D., Surya, F. E., Suhandi, F. P. & Zakaria H. Horizontal Scanning Method by Drone Mounted Photodiode Array for Runway Edge Light Photometry. in International Seminar on Intelligent Technology and Its Applications (ISITIA) 41–45 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/ISITIA.2019.8937211
  10. Gao, J., Luo, J., Xu, A. & Yu, J. Light Intensity Intelligent Control System Research snd Design Based on Automobile Sun Visor of BH1750. in 29th Chinese Control And Decision Conference (CCDC) 3957–3960 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/CCDC.2017.7979192
  11. Grove – Light Sensor v1.2. Seeed Development Limited https://seeeddoc.github.io/Grove-Light_Sensor_v1.2/ (2016).
  12. BPW21TO39 Ambient Light Sensor Datasheet. ams-OSRAM AG https://dammedia.osram.info/media/resource/hires/osram-dam-5984961/BPW%2021_EN.pdf (2022).
  13. Ptak, P., Górecki, K. & Gensikowski, M. Porównanie właściwości dynamicznych wybranych czujników fotometrycznych (Compa-rison of dynamic properties of the selected photometric sensors). Przegląd Elektrotechniczny 96, 112–116 (2020). https://doi.org/10.15199/48.2020.12.21 (in Polish)
  14. Ambient Light Sensors VTP1220FBH Product Description. Exelitas https://www.tme.eu/Document/99fa8b97bc9fac9fd65b9c88e771e8d1/2.pdf (2022).
  15. Raes, W., Bastiaens, S., Plets, D. & Stevens, N. Assessment of the Influence of Photodiode Size on RSS-Based Visible Light Positioning Precision. IEEE SENSORS 1–3 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/SENSORS43011.2019.8956543
  16. Hudzikowski, A. Luksomierz kit 2974 AVT. Elektronika dla wszystkich EDW 03/11, 56–58, 2011. https://serwis.avt.pl/manuals/AVT2974.pdf (in Polish)
  17. Mańczak, W. Development of a microprocessor matrix to measure the lightning intensity of airport lamps. (Poznan University of Technology, 2022).
  18. Alferink, F. Fast Lux-meter: Electronic Measurements. Meettech-niek.info. https://meettechniek.info/diy-instruments/lux-meter.html (2013).
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Authors and Affiliations

Kacper Podbucki
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jakub Suder
1
ORCID: ORCID
Tomasz Marciniak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Wojciech Mańczak
2
ORCID: ORCID
Adam Dąbrowski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Division of Signal Processing and Electronic Systems, Institute of Automatic Control and Robotics, Poznan University of Technology, 5 M. Skłodowska-Curie Sq., 60-965 Poznań, Poland
  2. Faculty of Computing and Telecommunications, Poznan University of Technology, 5 M. Skłodowska-Curie Sq., 60-965 Poznań, Poland
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Abstract

The paper analyses the operation of different types of electronic colour sensors based on the light spectrum analysis. The application goal was to detect the type of the airport lamp based on differences in colour components of the light emitted by luminaires with specific spectral characteristics. Recognition of airport lamps is based on the analysis of the light spectrum. Proposed solution allows for an automatic software selection of appropriate conversion factors and comparison with specific standards necessary for this type of measurements. Various types of sensors were discussed and the AS7262 sensor was examined in detail. The colour sensor and the light intensity sensor were used in the mobile control device for examining elevated airport lamps and in the measurement platform for quality testing of embedded airport lamps. Two additional aspects were investigated: 1) influence of an additional acrylic glass cover; 2) distance between airport lamps and the spectrum sensor.
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Bibliography

  1. European Aviation Safety Agency. Certification Specifications (CS) and Guideline Material (GM) for Aerodrome Design. Edition 3, Annex to Decision No. 2016/027/R of the EASA Executive Director. (2016).
  2. Szpakowski, P. Lotnicza choinka czyli o świetlnych pomocach nawigacyjnych i ich kontroli. Safe Sky, Biuletyn Bezpieczeństwa Polskiej Agencji Żeglugi Powietrznej 4, 4–13 (2020) [in Polish].
  3. Novak, T., Dudek, J., Kolar, V., Sokansky, K. & Baleja, R. Solution of problems with short lifetime of airfield halogen lamps. in 18th International Scientific Conference on Electric Power Engineering (EPE) 1–5 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/EPE.2017.7967298
  4. Suder, J. Podbucki, K., Marciniak, T. & Dąbrowski, A. Low complex¬ity lane detection methods for light photometry system. Electronics 10, 1665 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10141665
  5. Podbucki, K., Suder, J., Marciniak, T. & Dąbrowski, A. Elektroniczna matryca pomiarowa do badania lamp lotniskowych. Prz. Elektrotechniczny 2, 47–51 (2021). https://doi.org/10.15199/48.2021.02.12 [in Polish]
  6. Żagan, W. Podstawy Techniki Świetlnej. (Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Warszawskiej, Warszawa 2005). [in Polish]
  7. Suder, J., Maciejewski, P., Podbucki, K., Marciniak, T. & Dąbrowski, A. Platforma pomiarowa do badania jakości działania lamp lotniskowych. Pomiary, Automatyka, Robotyka 23, 5–13 (2019). https://doi.org/10.14313/PAR_232/5 [in Polish]
  8. Gigahertz-Optik GmbH, X4 Light Analyzer Datasheet (2007). http://www.industrycortex.com/datasheets/profile/506792174
  9. Texas Advanced Optoelectronic Solutions Inc., TCS3472 Colour light-to-digital converter with IR filter, TAOS135 (August 2012). http://www.datenblatt-pdf.com/pinout/911411/TCS3472-schematic.html
  10. Avago Technologies, APDS-9960 Digital Proximity, Ambient Light, RGB and Gesture Sensor, Data Sheet, AV02-4191EN (November 8, 2013). https://content.arduino.cc/assets/Nano_BLE_ Sense_av02-4191en_ds_apds-9960.pdf
  11. Intersil, Digital Red, Green and Blue Colour Light Sensor with IRBlocking Filter ISL29125, FN8424.2, (January 24, 2014). https://cdn.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Sensors/LightImaging/isl29125.pdf
  12. AMS, AS7265x Smart 18-Channel VIS to NIR Spectral_ID 3-Sensor Chipset with Electronic Shutter, Datasheet [v1-04], (July 9, 2018). https://datasheetspdf.com/pdf/1315799/ams/AS72651/1
  13. AMS, AS7341 11-Channel Multi-Spectral Digital Sensor, Datasheet DS000504 [v3-00], (June 25, 2020). https://datasheetspdf.com/pdf/1402690/ams/AS7341/1
  14. AMS, AS7262 6-Channel Visible Spectral_ID Device with Electronic Shutter and Smart Interface, Datasheet [v1-01], (March 17, 2017). https://ams.com/documents/20143/36005/AS7262_ DS000486_2-00.pdf
  15. ADB Safe gate, High Intensity Unidirectional Elevated Light for Approach, Threshold and Runway End and for Sequenced Flashing Lights (SFLS) Runway Threshold Identification (RTILS) Systems, User Manual, UM-4020/AM02-630e, Rev. 2.0, (May 19, 2020). https://adbsafegate.com/documents/2326/en/manual-uel
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Authors and Affiliations

Jakub Suder
1
ORCID: ORCID
Kacper Podbucki
1
ORCID: ORCID
Tomasz Marciniak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Adam Dąbrowski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Division of Signal Processing and Electronic Systems, Institute of Automation and Robotics, Poznan University of Technology, 24 Jana Pawła II Ave., 60-965 Poznań, Poland
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Abstract

Structural health monitoring of aircraft assures safety, integrity and reduces cost-related concerns by reducing the number of times maintenance is required. Under aerodynamic loading, aircraft is subjected to strain, in turn causing damage and breakdown. This paper presents a review of experimental works, which focuses on monitoring strain of various parts of aircraft using optical fibre sensors. In addition, this paper presents a discussion and review on different types of optical fibre sensors used for structural health monitoring (SHM) of aircraft. However, the focus of this paper is on fibre bragg gratings (FBGs) for strain monitoring. Here, FBGs are discussed in detail because they have proved to be most viable and assuring technology in this field. In most cases of strain monitoring, load conditioning and management employs finite element method (FEM). However, more effort is still required in finding the accurate positions in real time where the sensors can be placed in the structure and responds under complex deformation.
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Authors and Affiliations

Monica Murthy N
1
Priyanka Desai Kakade
2

  1. Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, India
  2. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
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Abstract

New optimized 2x2 slotted array antenna is designed using HFSS to operate at 28.1 GHz, using RT6010 substrate with height of 1.6 mm, tangent loss of 0.0023 and dielectric constant of 10.2 and overall dimension of 12x12 mm2, for 5G mobile applications. The 2x2 slotted linear array antenna achieved a high gain of 18.3 dB at 28.1 GHz with 10 dB bandwidth of 1.39 GHz, and with 83.21% of size reduction.

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Authors and Affiliations

Shaikh Rehan Haneef
Sathish Kumar Selvaperumal
Vikneswary Jayapal
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Abstract

The perovskites XBiO3 (X = Al, Ga, In) have been studied in terms of mechanical, optical and thermoelectric behavior for energy harvesting application. Density functional theory is applied to study electronic, optical and thermoelectric properties of the studied materials. Structural, mechanical and thermodynamic stabilities are confirmed from the tolerance factor, Born mechanical stability and formation energy/specific heat capacity. Poisson and Plough ratios show the studied materials are ductile and have ability to withstand pressure. Band structure analysis shows the indirect band gap 3.0/2.1/1.0 eV for ABO/GBO/IBO. A complete set of optical spectra is reported by dielectric constants, refractive index, optical conduction, absorption of light and optical loss energy. Shifting of maximum absorption band to visible region increases the potential of perovskites XBiO3. Transport characteristics are also investigated by electrical conductivity, Seebeck coefficient and figure of merit.

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Authors and Affiliations

Q. Mahmood
S. A. Rouf
E. Algrafy
G. Murtaza
S. M. Ramay
A. Mahmood
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Abstract

Optoelectronic technology plays an important role in medical diagnosis. In the paper a review of some optoelectronic sensors for invasive and non-invasive human health test is presented. The main attention is paid on their basic operation principle and medical usefulness. The paper presents also own research related to developing of tools for human breath analysis. Breath sample unit and three gaseous biomarkers analyzer employing laser absorption spectroscopy designed for clinical diagnostics were described. The analyzer is equipped with sensors for CO, CH4 and NO detection. The sensors operate using multi-pass spectroscopy with wavelength modulation method (MUPASS-WMS) and cavity enhanced spectroscopy (CEAS).

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Authors and Affiliations

Z. Bielecki
T. Stacewicz
J. Wojtas
J. Mikołajczyk
D. Szabra
A. Prokopiuk
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Abstract

Transparent Conductive Electrode (TCE) is an essential part of the optoelectronic and display devices such as Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs), Solar Cells, Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) and touch screens. Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) is a commonly used TCE in these devices because of its high transparency and low sheet resistance. However, scarcity of indium and brittle nature of ITO limit its use in future flexible electronics. In order to develop flexible optoelectronic devices with improved performance, there is a requirement of replacing the ITO with a better alternate TCE. In this work, several alternative TCEs including transparent conductive oxides, carbon nanotubes, conducting polymers, metal nanowires, graphene and composites of these materials are studied with their properties such as sheet resistance, transparency and flexibility. The advantage and current challenges of these materials are also presented in this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

S. Sharma
S. Shriwastava
S. Kumar
K. Bhatt
C. Charu Tripathi
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Abstract

This paper presents some construction analysis and test results of a Free Space Optics system operating at the wavelength of 9.35 μm. In the system, a quantum cascade laser and a photoreceiver with mercury cadmium telluride photodetectors were used. The main parameters of these elements were discussed taking into account a data link operation. It also provides to determine a data range for various weather conditions related to scattering and scintillation. The results of numerical analyses defined the properties of currently available FSO technologies working in the near infrared or in the short infrared range of spectrum versus the performances of the developed system. The operation of this system was verified in three different test environments. The obtained results may also contain important issues related to the practical application of any FSO system.

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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Mikolajczyk
Dariusz Szabra
Artur Prokopiuk
Krzysztof Achtenberg
ORCID: ORCID
Jacek Wojtas
ORCID: ORCID
Zbigniew Bielecki
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a prominent n-type semiconductor material used in optoelectronic devices owing to the wide bandgap and transparency. The low-temperature growth of ZnO thin films expands diverse applications, such as growth on glass and organic materials, and it is also cost effective. However, the optical and electrical properties of ZnO films grown at low temperatures may be inferior owing to their low crystallinity and impurities. In this study, ZnO thin films were prepared by atomic layer deposition on SiO2 and glass substrates in the temperature range of 46-141℃. All films had a hexagonal würtzite structure. The carrier concentration and electrical conductivity were also investigated. The low-temperature grown films showed similar carrier concentration (a few 1019 cm−3 at 141°C), but possessed lower electrical conductivity compared to high-temperature (>200°C) grown films. The optical transmittance of 20 nm thin ZnO film reached approximately 90% under visible light irradiation. Additionally, bandgap energies in the range of 3.23-3.28 eV were determined from the Tauc plot. Overall, the optical properties were comparable to those of ZnO films grown at high temperature.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ji Young Park
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ye Bin Weon
1
ORCID: ORCID
Myeong Jun Jung
1
ORCID: ORCID
Byung Joon Choi
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Department of Material Science and Engineering, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract

WILGA annual symposium on advanced photonic and electronic systems has been organized by young scientist for young scientists since two decades. It traditionally gathers around 400 young researchers and their tutors. Ph.D students and graduates present their recent achievements during well attended oral sessions. Wilga is a very good digest of Ph.D. works carried out at technical universities in electronics and photonics, as well as information sciences throughout Poland and some neighboring countries. Publishing patronage over Wilga keep Elektronika technical journal by SEP, IJET and Proceedings of SPIE. The latter world editorial series publishes annually more than 200 papers from Wilga. Wilga 2018 was the XLII edition of this meeting. The following topical tracks were distinguished: photonics, electronics, information technologies and system research. The article is a digest of some chosen works presented during Wilga 2018 symposium. WILGA 2017 works were published in Proc. SPIE vol.10445. WILGA 2018 works were published in Proc. SPIE vol.10808.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ryszard S. Romaniuk
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Abstract

49th Winter School on Wave and Quantum Acoustics constituted platforms for sharing the results and achievements obtained in different branches of physical acoustics, as molecular acoustics, quantum acoustics, acousto-optics, magnetoacoustics, photoacoustics, acoustics of solid state, acoustic emission, and others. Moreover, researches in some selected topics related to those mentioned above (e.g. optoelectronics, relaxation processes) were presented during the school.

The conference consisted of the 16th Workshop on Acoustoelectronics and the 16th Workshop on Molecular Acoustics, Relaxation and Calorimetric Methods. However, the organizers are opened to organizing workshops on other subjects in future. We would like to invite scientific centers and other professional groups to cooperate in organizing workshops on the subjects of their interests.

XLVIIIth Winter School on Environmental Acoustics and Vibroacoustics was a forum for all environmental and vibroacoustics fields. Particularly it was concerned with traffic noise, vibroacoustics of machines, room acoustics, building acoustics, noise protection and similar problems. During the Conference, seminars on “Measurement of noise and vibration at the workplace” and Environmental noise monitoring”, combined with measurement workshops, were organised in association with SVANTEK.

The Conferences began with the special, joined session dedicated to celebration of the 15th Jubilee Conference Integrated Optics – Sensors, Sensing Structures and Methods. In summary, 48 people participated in Conferences and seminars, presenting 37 lectures, reports and posters. In this issue one can find abstracts of some lectures and posters, which were presented during the Conferences.

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Authors and Affiliations

Winter Schools on Acoustics

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