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Abstract

The present study investigated the potential use of the nano-emulsion of Lippia multiflora Mold. essential oil in managing the cabbage pest ( Brassica oleracea L.) in two Ivorian areas (Yamoussoukro and Korhogo) during the wet seasons (April-September 2018). The nano- -emulsion was tested against cabbage diamondback moth ( Plutella xylostella), aphid ( Brevicoryne brassicae), webworm ( Hellula undalis), cutworm ( Spodoptera exigua) and whitefly ( Bemisia tabaci) under field conditions. The efficacy of essential oil emulsion was compared with the synthetic pesticide Karate 5 EC (Lambda cyhalothrin 52 g · l–1). The results indicated that the nano-emulsion of essential oil gave better control of the cabbage insect pest than the untreated plots. For all the insects studied, the nano-emulsion was very effective towards the species B. brassicae and P. xylostella for which the reduction of the mean population was respectively, 28.48 ± 0.2 and 0.6 ± 0.02 in Yamoussoukro and 0.0 and 7.11 ± 0.16 in Korhogo, compared to 45.32 ± 0.43 and 15.89 ± 0.23, respectively, for untreated plots. The yields of cabbage heads obtained in both areas Yamoussoukro and Korhogo were 4.7 and 15, respectively. The head damage percentages were 23.3% in Yamoussoukro and 26.7% in Korhogo when the fields were sprayed with nano-emulsion and were 13.3% and 28.3%, respectively, when the cabbages were treated with the synthetic pesticide. The formulation obtained here might be an interesting alternative for integrated pest management of cabbage.
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Authors and Affiliations

Vama Etienne Tia
1
Soumahoro Gueu
2
Mohamed Cissé
1
Yalamoussa Tuo
3
Ayekpa Jean Gnago
4
Eugène Konan
5

  1. Département Biochimie – Génétique, Université Peleforo Gon Coulibaly, BP1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
  2. Laboratoire des Procédés Industriels de Synthèse, de l’Environnement et des Energies Nouvelles (LAPISEN), Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët Boigny, BP1093 Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
  3. Département Biologie Animale, Université Peleforo Gon Coulibaly, BP1328 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
  4. Laboratoire de Zoologie Agricole et d’Entomologie, Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouët-Boigny, BP1093 Yamoussoukro, Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
  5. Département de Recherche et Développement, Compagnie Ivoirienne de Coton (COIC), BP193 Korhogo, Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
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Abstract

The normal formulation of etofenprox was developed to nanoformulation and used against the adults of silver whitefly, Bemisia tabaci in eggplant fields. Three concentrations of both the normal and nanoformulations were used. The concentrations of etofenprox nanoformulation were one-fifth of the normal formulation. The nanosize of etofenprox ranged from 225 to 489 nm. The loading capacity of etofenprox was 60.7 ± 5.7%. The obtained results showed that the LC 50 of the normal formulation was four times more than the nanoformulation. The LC 50 for the nanoformulation was 0.9 and 3.5 ppm for the normal formulation of etofenprox. This means that the nanoformulation of etofenprox was more effective than the normal. The residues of both nano and normal formulations were determined in eggplant fruits after three applications. The obtained results showed that the residue of nanoformulation after 1 hour of treatment was 0.51 ± 0.03 compared with 0.62 ± 0.03 mg · kg –1 ± SD in normal formulation. After 1 hour of treatment the residue of etofenprox was reduced to 0.11 ± 0.1 and 0.22 ± 0.02 mg · kg –1 ± SD in nano and normal formulations, respectively. The dissipation rates of both nano and normal formulations after 1 hour were 78.3 and 64.5%, respectively. The degradation rate (K) in nanoformulation and normal etofenprox was 1.33 and 0.73 mg · kg –1 ± SD, respectively. The residue half-life (LR 50) was 0.52 and 1 day, respectively. The preharvest interval (PHI) was 6 days for both nano and normal etofenprox formulations. The results confirmed that nanoetofenprox was more effective against B. tabaci adults, with lower persistence and lower residue than the normal formulation of etofenprox.
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Authors and Affiliations

Al-kazafy Hassan Sabry
1
Aziza H. Mohamady
2
Rasha A. Sleem
2
Shaker M. Abolmaaty
3
Rania M.A. Helmy
4

  1. Pests and Plant Protection Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
  2. Bioassay Research Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
  3. Central Laboratory for Agriculture Climate, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
  4. Pesticide Residue and Environmental Pollution Department, Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt

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