The work presents the test result of the influence of cooling rate on the microstructure of AZ91 alloy, Vickers micro-hardness and Brinell

hardness. Studies cooling and crystallization of AZ91 alloy was cast into the ceramic shells pre-heated to 180 ° C and then air-cooled at

ambient temperature or intensively super cooled in the liquid coolant. The TDA method was applied to record and characterize the thermal

effect resulting from the phase transformations occurring during the crystallization of AZ91 alloy. The kinetics and dynamics of the

thermal processes of crystallization of AZ91 alloy in the ceramic shells were determined. Metallographic tests were performed with the

use of an optical microscope. A comparison of these test results with the thermal effect recorded by way of the TDA method was made.

Influence of cooling rate of AZ91 on HV0, 01 micro-hardness and Brinell hardness alloy was examined.

In contemporary cultural discourse, Chernobyl is associated with nuclear apocalypse. The author of the article examines two authors’ visions of Chernobyl in Ukrainian literature, which represent different textual strategies of the copreciprocalization of the trauma experienced. One of them, revealed in Markiyan Kamysh’s novel Oformlandia (2015), is an attempt to reconstruct a post‐apocalyptic world. The writer’s narrator, who is the same age as the Chernobyl disaster of 1986, travels to the Zone and talks about it as an exotic space that is freed from human presence. In Teodosia Zarivna’s novel The Silence of Caesium (2022) the narrator is a peasant woman who oppositely has spent her entire life near Chernobyl, but after the accident returns and becomes the last resident in her native village. The first work presents an imaginary model of the future: Chernobyl becomes a place of exotic excursions and extreme tourists. In the second, the Zone appears as an organic factor in a picture of the past – a historical era of the twentieth century, which is fading into oblivion along with its last witnesses.

The paper examines the contemporary discussion of the concept of ‘national hero’. As the subject of analysis interpretations of the role of Roman Dmowski, the leader of Polish nationalist movement in the first half of 20th century, in the contemporary political and historical discussion in Poland was chosen. On that example the way in which political life is changing the previous assessment and meaning of the ‘national hero’ is observed.

Autor analizuje ukazujące się w 1945 i 1946 roku wydania tygodnika dla dzieci „Świerszczyk” i rekonstruuje stworzony w nich obraz II wojny światowej. Pyta o to, jak czasopismo odnosiło się do walk zakończonych w nieodległej przeszłości. Czy — a jeśli tak, to w jaki sposób — przypominało ofiary wojny? I czy przywoływało lub kreowało jej bohaterów?

This text is an attempt to analyse the ways of existence of heroes “living differently” – ghosts, phantoms, those invisible in the works of Elena Dolgopyat. In her works, the line between life and death becomes blurred: a hero who rose from the grave may turn out to be more alive than a man who did not die but exists in a sense of nonsense. He may also not notice his own death. The impure force functions in the world and is presented on a par with living characters, which is a characteristic feature of magical realism. The writer presents the non‑living, drawing on Slavic folklore tradition, as I try to show. I also juxtapose Dolgopyat’s stories with Alexander Etkind’s research on memory and trauma in Russian culture, considering them to be their exemplification.

Autor bada, w jaki sposób czasopisma kierowane do dzieci przed drugą wojną światową prezentowały informacje o wojnach, powstaniach i działaniach polskiej armii. Sprawdza, w jakich kontekstach mówiono wówczas o wojsku i żołnierzach. Analiza obejmuje czasopismo zatytułowane „Poranek. Tygodnik dla starszych dzieci”, ukazujące się w latach 1937–1939.