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Abstract

In this paper, we present an experimental setup developed for the calibration of dynamic force transducers which is based on the drop mass method. The traceability to SI units is realized through well-known mass characteristics and a reference shock accelerometer attached to that mass. Two approaches are proposed to analyse dynamic force employing a drop mass system. One approach depends on the inertial force of a falling mass while the other deals with the work-energy principle. Results of both approaches are then compared to the response of a statically calibrated force transducer. It is shown that the obtained maximum relative deviations between the response of force transducer and the first approach results are 1% while those of the second approach are 2%.
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Bibliography

[1] Fujii, Y., Isobe, D., Saito, S., Fujimoto, H., & Miki, Y. (2000). A method for determining the impact force in crash testing. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 14(6), 959–965. https://doi.org/10.1006/mssp.1999.1272
[2] Fujii, Y. (2003). A method for calibrating force transducers against oscillation force. Measurement Science and Technology, 14(8), 1259–1264. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/14/8/310
[3] Hjelmgren, J. (2002). Dynamic Measurement of Force – A Literature Survey (SP Report 2002:34). SP Swedish National Testing and Research Institute SP Measurement Technology.
[4] Jun, Y., Yiqing, C., Xuan, H., & Xiao, Y. (2017). Impulse force calibration with dropped weight and laser vibrometer. IMEKO 23rd TC3, 13th TC5 and 4th TC22 International Conference, Finland, 19. https://www.imeko.org/publications/tc3-2017/IMEKO-TC3-2017-030.pdf
[5] Kobusch, M., Link, A., Buss, A., & Bruns, T. (2007). Comparison of shock and sine force calibration methods. IMEKO 20th TC3, 3rd TC16 and 1st TC22 International Conference, Maxico. https://www.imeko.org/publications/tc3-2007/IMEKO-TC3-2007-007u.pdf
[6] Satria, E., Takita, A., Nasbey, H., Prayogi, I. A., Hendro, H., Djamal, M., & Fujii, Y. (2018). New technique for dynamic calibration of a force transducer using a drop ball tester. Measurement Science and Technology, 29(12). https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/aaeb71
[7] Schlegel, C., Kieckenap, G., Glöckner, B., Buß, A., & Kumme, R. (2012). Traceable periodic force calibration. Metrologia, 49(3), 224–235. https://doi.org/10.1088/0026-1394/49/3/224
[8] Sivaselvan, M. V., Reinhorn, A. M., Shao, X., & Weinreber, S. (2008). Dynamic force control with hydraulic actuators using added compliance and displacement compensation. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, 37(15), 1785–1800. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.837
[9] Stanford, A. L., & Tanner, J. M. (1985). Work, Power, and Energy. In Physics for Students of Science and Engineering (pp. 109–144). Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-663380-1.50008-2
[10] Vlajic, N., & Chijioke, A. (2017). Traceable calibration and demonstration of a portable dynamic force transfer standard. Metrologia, 54(4), S83–S98. https://doi.org/10.1088/1681-7575/aa75da
[11] Yang, Y., Zhao, Y., & Kang, D. (2016). Integration on acceleration signals by adjusting with envelopes. Journal of Measurements in Engineering, 4(2), 117–121. https://www.jvejournals.com/ article/16965/pdf
[12] Zhang, L., & Kumme, R. (2003). Investigation of interferometric methods for dynamic force measurement. In XVII IMEKO World Congress, Metrology in the 3rd Millennium, Croatia, 315–318.
[13] Zhang, L.,Wang, Y., & Zhang, L. (2010). Investigation of calibrating force transducer using sinusoidal force. AIP Conference Proceedings, 1253, 395–401. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3455481
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Authors and Affiliations

Shaker A. Gelany
1
Gouda M. Mahmoud
1

  1. National Institute of Standards (NIS), Tersa St, El-Haram, PO Box 136, Code 12211, Giza, Egypt
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Abstract

The performance evaluation of new and old subgrades is critical for the quality and safety of reconstruction and extension projects. It is necessary to achieve rapid and easy performance testing. In this study, a Portable FallingWeight Deflectometer (PFWD) is chosen to rapid evaluate the performance of subgrade. First, a testing area, the reconstruction and expansion project of the Hefei to Dagudian section of the Shanghai-Shaanxi Expressway, is selected. Then, the PFWD modulus Ep of resilient tested by PFWD and the corresponding water content w and compacting degree K tested by the cutting ring method for old subgrade are obtained. And the correlation relationship between Ep and w and K is established. The performance of old subgrade can be rapid obtained by PFWD. Meanwhile, for the new subgrade, the correlation relationship between Ep and bending value L, w and K is established, and the performance can also be rapid tested by PFWD. Finally, a rapid evaluation method for the reconstruction and expansion of subgrade performance was proposed, which aims to provide technical support for ensuring construction quality and safety and provides a technical reference and a theoretical basis for the prediction of similar subgrade performance.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bo Bu
1
ORCID: ORCID
Huayu Shang
2
ORCID: ORCID
Shaoping Liu
2
ORCID: ORCID
Ke Liu
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Anhui Transportation Holding Group Co., Ltd., 230088, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
  2. National Engineering Research Center of Highway Maintenance Technology, Changsha University of Science and Technology, 410114, Changsha, Hunan Province, China

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