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Abstract

The article presents a critical approach to „Filozofia” Jaspersa [ Jaspers’ „Philosophy”] by Mirosław Żelazny (WN UMK, Toruń 2019). It discusses the main theses presented in the dissertation and invites to reflection on the existential philosophy of Karl Jaspers. The paper exposes the most important themes of Jaspersian thinking — the dialectical method of philosophizing, understanding the worldview, the phenomenon of existential communication and the concept of borderline situations.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Błaszczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wydział Humanistyczny, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika, Toruń, Polska
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Abstract

The article presents a phenomenological description of existential experience, one of the fundamental issues in the philosophy of existence. At the outset, it is worth emphasizing that showing the specifics of this experience seems to be a difficult, or even an impossible task – due to its individual, subjective and inexpressible nature, and, as a consequence, its elimination from the academic, schematic, scientific reflection. The problem of existential experience is so interesting, however, and philosophically so important that – despite those disheartening limitations – it seems worthwhile to take a closer look at it. The article shows the phenomenon of human existence in the context of its intra‑world situation, exposing its ontic uniqueness.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Błaszczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika, Instytut Literaturoznawstwa, ul. Fosa Staromiejska 3, 87‑100 Toruń
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Abstract

The paper critically considers Alfried Längle’s view presented in his book Gdy rodzi się pytanie o sens. Praktyczne zastosowanie logoterapii [ When the Question of Sense Arises. The Practical Application of Logotherapy] (Warszawa 2016). It invites to reflection focused on the problem of the sense of existence.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Błaszczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wydział Humanistyczny, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika, Fosa Staromiejska 3, 87-100 Toruń
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Abstract

The article aims to depict Jean-Paul Sartre’s concept of the human condition. It presents the main ideas of Sartre’s anthropological reflection (the man as an entity that is absolutely free, lonely, and doomed to experience the absurdity of the status of an ‘in-the-world-being’). Although Sartre’s thoughts have been criticized by the ‘philosophers of dialogue’, his anthropology still seems to express appropriately the complexity of the human condition in the context of everlasting and fundamental queries about the purpose and the sense of individual existence.

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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Błaszczyk
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

The article offers an existential interpretation of Roman Polanski’s movie: Two men and the wardrobe (1958). Despite a large number of publications dealing with Polanski’s work, there is still no single study that would directly and primarily show the philosophical and existential potential of this short film. This article aims to amend this situation and reveal this potential. The paper is divided into five parts. Firstly, it depicts the issue of loneliness presented in Polanski’s film, referring – secondly – to the recognition of selected existential philosophers (J. Ortega y Gasset, E. Lévinas, J.‑P. Sartre, A. Camus). Thirdly, the article presents the specificity of the grotesque and absurd motifs characteristic for the film, exposing their connection with the problem of loneliness raised in it. Fourthly, the paper interprets the Polish director’s short film in the context of an authentic way of existence. It refers to the philosophy of Martin Heidegger, and emphasizes the gap between ‘being oneself’ and belonging to community (society). Finally, the article presents a psychological‑existential reading of Polanski’s short film, paying attention to the psychological determinants of human existence.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Błaszczyk
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika, Instytut Literaturoznawstwa, ul. Fosa Staromiejska 3, 87-100 Toruń
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Abstract

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie filozoficznych ujęć samotności na przykładzie dwóch filmów: Przełamując fale Larsa von Triera oraz Ofiarowania Andrieja Tarkowskiego. Podobieństwo między tymi filmami dostrzegł Slavoj Žižek. Ich bohaterowie, Bess i Aleksander, aby ocalić to, co dla nich w życiu najważniejsze, decydują się zawierzyć Bogu i dokonać irracjonalnego aktu ofiary. Oba obrazy stanowią egzemplifikację fenomenu samotności opisywanego przez Mikołaja Bierdiajewa czy egzystencjalistów. W pierwszej części artykułu opisuję samotność jako przedmiot zainteresowania filozofii samotności, w drugiej skupiam się na analizie filmów.

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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Dwojnych

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