W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań ze ścisłego doświadczenia wazonowego dotyczące oceny przydatności topinamburu do fitoremediacji gleby zanieczyszczonej metalami ciężkimi. Średnia zawartość badanych pierwiastków mieściła się w granicach: 0,65-29,69 mg Cd; 1,40-7,32 mg Pb; 1,76-57,61 mg Ni; 1,65-9,23 mg Cu; 25,04-691,35 mg Zn/kg s.m. Najmniejsze zróżnicowanie w zawartości badanych metali zarejestrowano w przypadku miedzi i ołowiu. Natomiast procentowe pobranie (wykorzystanie) pierwiastków przez testowaną roślinę z wazonu w stosunku do zawartości w glebie wahało się od 2, 14 do 7, I 0% Cd; od 0,03 do 0,57% Pb; od 0,83 do 3,49% Ni; od 0,07 do 2,35% Cu; od 0,97 do 5,39% Zn. Porównując procentowe wykorzystanie metali ciężkich przez topinambur, niezależnie od obiektu można ustalić szereg od wartości najwyższych w następującej kolejności: Cd, Zn, Ni, Cu, Pb. Z powyższego szeregu wynika, że Cd był w największym procencie wykorzystywany przez topinambur, a Pb w najmniejszym. Uzyskane wyniki pozwalają wstępnie stwierdzić, że topinambur mógłby być wykorzystany do rekultywacji gleb zanieczyszczonych metalami ciężkimi.

The purpose of the present work is to investigate the effect of dietary-supplemented artichoke ( Cynara scolymus L.) on the mRNA expression of calbindin 1 ( Calb1), osteopontin ( Spp1), albumin ( Alb) and CALB1 protein in the eggshell gland (ESG) of laying hens. A total of 80 ISA Brown hens (each at 40 weeks of age) were randomly divided into two groups: a control and a treated group. All poultry received 130 g/day of compound feed for laying hens but the treated hens’ diet was also supplemented with 3g/kg of dried and milled artichoke ( Cynara scolymus L.). The increase of the Ca content in blood of the treated hens was established. Significantly decrease of Spp1 mRNA transcripts was found in the eggshell gland of the treated hens, while the mRNA level of Alb was increased. The relative expression of Calb1 mRNA tended to increase in the treated group. The expression of calbindin protein in the cytoplasm of glandular cells of the shell gland was defined by immunohistochemical method. Very strong signals of calbindin were observed in the treated group. The supplementation of the laying hens’ diet with dried artichoke ( C. scolymus L.) led to a significant increase of Ca content in blood that was reflected in the changes of expression of the eggshell gland genes involved in the mineralization of eggshell.

Anaerobic digestion (AD) converts organic matter and biomass waste into biogas, making it an environmentally friendly technology to improve energy resources for a wide range of applications. Jerusalem artichoke straw (JAS) has an enriched content of cellulose and exhibits a high potential for methane production. AD-based production of methane can eff ectively utilize waste JAS. This study investigated the AD performance of JAS to explore the enhancement of methane yields by employing a Box-Behnken experimental design (BBD) of response surface methodology (RSM). The overall goal was to identify the optimal levels of pretreatment factors, including HCl concentration, pretreatment time, and pretreatment temperature, for producing optimal biomethane yields from JAS. The highest value of methane production achieved was 256.33 mL g-1VS by using an optimal concentration of HCl as 0.25 M, a pretreatment time of 10 h, and a pretreatment temperature of 25°C. These results inform the future application of JAS in enhanced methane production.

Models describe our beliefs about how the world functions. In mathematical modelling, we translate those beliefs into the language of mathematics. Mathematical models can yield prognose on the base of applied fertiliser dose. In this work results of finding yield mathematical model according to fertiliser (nitrogen) dose for perennials (willowleaf sunflower Helianthus salicifolious, cup plant Silphium perfoliatum and Jerusalem artichoke Helianthus tuberosus) on marginal land are presented. Models were described as normalised square equations for dependence between yield and fertiliser doses. Experiments were conducted in lisymeters and vases for willowleaf sunflower and cup plant. For Jerusalem artichoke experiments were done in vases only. All experiments have been doing during two years (2018 and 2019) for different fertilisers doses (45, 90 and 135 kg N∙ha–1) in three repetitions. From simulations maximal yield could be achieved for following fertiliser doses – willowleaf sunflower 104 kg N∙ha–1, cup plant 85 kg N∙ha–1 and Jerusalem artichoke 126 kg N∙ha–1.