The article raised issues related to the design and execution of low-energy objects in Polish conditions. Based on the designed single-family house, adapted to the requirements of the National Fund for Environmental Protection and Water Management ("NF40" standard), the tools to assist investment decisions by investors were shown. An economic analysis and a multi-criteria analysis were performed using AHP method which had provided an answer to the question whether it is worthwhile to bear higher investment costs in order to adjust to the standards of energy-efficient buildings that fulfil a minimal energy consumption's requirements contained in Polish law. In addition, the variant of object that had optimal characteristics due to the different preferences of investors was indicated. This paper includes analysis and observations on the attempts to unify that part of the building sector, which so far is considered to be personalized, and objects in accordance with the corresponding idea are designed as "custom-made".
The difficulty of innovation risk assessment makes it necessary to use a multi-criteria analysis.
Innovative projects are related to unstructured problems and the uncertainty, therefore,
the use of fuzzy logic in the innovation risk assessment is analyzed. This paper proposes
a method of determining the weights of criteria in order to innovation risk assessment. The
weights are determined by 5 general criteria and 14 detailed criteria of innovation risk assessment.
The proposed method is an extension of the fuzzy AHP method. The extension
consists in taking into consideration the group decision-making approach with experts’ psychological
conditions. The groups of experts have been chosen based on an elaborated form.
The form makes it possible to characterize the persons within the scope of different psychological
conditions. The proposed method provides objective and rational decision-making.
The paper presents also a comparison of results with the fuzzy AHP method without the
group decision making. The weights obtained by the proposed method are more diversified
and bring out the most important criteria.
The paper presents the application of the Analytic Hierarchy Process technique to evaluate and choose the best alternative for acquiring hard coal for energy purposes by a potential Investor operating in the mining and energy sector. Six different sources supposed to provide hard coal were analysed, each of which might ensure a secure and independent supply of the material to the newly built coal-fired power plant. When choosing the best decision alternative, the positive and negative impacts of alternatives were considered through the BOCR analysis: benefits (B), opportunities (O), costs (C) and risks (R) analysis. For this purpose, 4 independent hierarchical models were developed. Different models have the same decision alternatives assessed, but they differ in criteria used to develop the models. In each of the models, in accordance with the AHP rules, were calculated final, global weights for the alternatives being assessed. Showing the best alternative was possible by applying the multiplicative formula (B ź O)/(C ź R), which value was used to rank and choose the best alternative from all assessed ones. The best decision alternative is the alternative where the (B ź O)/(C ź R) ratio is the highest.
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