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Long-term outcomes and complications associated with operative and nonoperative treatment of distal radius fractures. Do we need to restore anatomy to have satisfactory clinical outcome?

Jakub Marchewka Jakub Szczechowicz Wojciech Marchewka Edward Golec

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2021 | Vol. 61 | No 1 | 35-48 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2021.137211

Keywords distal radius fracture nonoperative treatment surgical treatment functional outcomes DASH PRWE 9-HPT grip strength

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Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess long-term outcomes and complications associated with conservative and operative treatment of distal radius fractures and to determine if restoration of radio-graphic parameters influences functional outcomes.
Introduction: Distal radius fractures (DRFs) are common injuries associated with many complica-tions. Numerous studies suggest that operative treatment with anatomic reduction and restoration of radiographic parameters leads to better functional outcomes than nonsurgical treatment.
Materials and Methods: We enrolled 207 patients with isolated DRF (mean age 64 ± 17.9 years, women 150 (72.5%)) to our retrospective, single-center study (101 treated operatively, 106 treated non-operatively). There were no significant differences in sex, age, AO type fracture between study groups. After 3.9 ± 1.6 years (mean ± SD) clinical, functional and radiological assessment was conducted using Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH), Patient Rated Wrist Evaluation (PRWE), 9-Hole Peg Test (9-HPT), grip and pinch strength tools.
Results: We found higher rates of malunion in nonoperative group (p <0.0001) and worse radiologic parameters such as volar tilt (p <0.0001), teardrop angle (p <0.0001) versus operative cohort. Nevertheless radiological parameters were not correlated with DASH and PRWE results. Moreover, patients aged 50 years and above treated operatively had similar functional outcomes (DASH, PRWE) to those treated nonoperatively.
Conclusions: Restoration of anatomic and thus radiologic parameters of radius may not be obligatory to achieve satisfactory functional outcome in patients with DRF aged 50 years or above. Patient is the most important ‘factor’ in determining appropriate and successful treatment method of distal radius fractures.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jakub Marchewka

1 2

Jakub Szczechowicz

1

Wojciech Marchewka

3

Edward Golec

1

Department of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education, Kraków, Poland
Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, 5th Military Hospital, Kraków, Poland
Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Incorporation of the sphenoid sinuses’ septum / septa in the carotid canal — evaluation before the FESS

Joanna Jaworek-Troć Michał Zarzecki Dariusz Lusina Tomasz Gładysz Paweł Depukat Agata Mazurek Wojciech Twardokęs Anna Curlej- Wądrzyk Joe Iwanaga Ewa Walocha Robert Chrzan Andrzej Urbanik

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2020 | Vol. 60 | No 4 | 65-78 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2020.136205

Keywords sphenoid sinuses main septum additional septum carotid canal FESS

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Abstract

The purpose of the research was to define the frequency prevalence of the incorporation of sphenoid sinuses’ septum / septa in the carotid canal of the adult population.
M a t e r i a l s and M e t h o d s: 296 computed tomography (CT) scans of the patients (147 females, 149 males), who did not present any pathology in the sphenoid sinuses, were evaluated in this retrospective analysis. Spiral CT scanner — Siemens Somatom Sensation 16 — was used to glean the medical images. Standard procedure applied in the option Siemens CARE Dose 4D. No contrast medium was administered. Multiplans reconstruction (MPR) tool was used in order to obtain frontal and sagittal planes from the transverse planes previously received.
R e s u l t s: Bilateral incorporation of the main septum (MS) in the carotid canal was not present in any of the patients, whereas unilateral incorporation was noticed in 21.96% of the patients (17.68% females, 26.17% males). On the right side it occurred in 11.82% of cases (10.88% females, 12.75% males), and on the left side in 10.14% of cases (6.8% females, 13.42% males). Bilateral incorporation of the additional septum (AS) was found in 8.45% of the patients (4.08% females, 12.75% males), whereas unilateral incorporation was noted in 28.37% of the patients. It was seen on the right side in 11.82% of cases (12.93% females, 10.74% males), and on the left side in 16.55% cases (15.65% females, 17.45% males). The most common variant was the incorporation of only one of the septa (either the MS or the AS) in the wall of the carotid canal unilaterally. Such situation took place in 30.07% of the patients (29.25% females, 30.87% males).
Incorporation of two septa on the same side was noticed in 4.39% of cases (4.08% females, 4.7% males), and incorporation of three septa in 0.34% of cases (0.7% males).
C o n c l u s i o n s: The anatomy of the paranasal sinuses is varied to a great extent, hence performing a CT scan is crucial before the scheduled surgery, as it may lessen the unforeseeable surgical complications, that may result from the high prevalence of variants in the sinuses.

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Authors and Affiliations

Joanna Jaworek-Troć

1 2

Michał Zarzecki

1

Dariusz Lusina

1

Tomasz Gładysz

3

Paweł Depukat

1

Agata Mazurek

1

Wojciech Twardokęs

4

Anna Curlej- Wądrzyk

5

Joe Iwanaga

6

Ewa Walocha

7

Robert Chrzan

2

Andrzej Urbanik

2

Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Department of Radiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Department of Dental Surgery, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Department of Histology, Cytophysiology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine in Zabrze, University of Technology in Katowice, Zabrze, Poland
Department of Integrated Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, USA
Department of Clinical Nursing, Institute of Nursing and Obstetrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Neglected workforce: pharmacists and their health-related quality of life

Magdalena Kurnik-Łucka Paweł Pasieka Agnieszka Górecka-Mazur Elżbieta Rząsa-Duran Jakub Pękala Krzysztof Gil

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2021 | Vol. 61 | No 1 | 19-34 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2021.137210

Keywords health-related quality of life pharmacists SF-36 health survey

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Abstract

Background: pharmacists remain on the frontline of public health around the globe and their performance directly impacts patients’ safety. So far, to our knowledge, no European study has been dedicated to their heath-related quality of life (HQoL). Therefore, the primarily aim of our study was to evaluate HQoL of Polish pharmacists utilizing the SF-36 health survey with regard to anthropometric and lifestyle-related variables.
Methods: A total sample screened consisted of 1412 respondents, yet 765 pharmacists (mean age 40, 86.3% females) finally participated in the study. HQoL was assessed with the Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36).
Results: The lowest median scores were noted for general health (GH, 50.0) and vitality (V, 60.0) domains. No gender differences regarding physical and mental summary scores were found. Significant difference of HQoL was found among the assessed age groups in several domains, especially physical functioning (PF) and GH (p <0.001) scores, and especially in the group of 51–60-year-old-respondents. Correlations were found between PF (r = –0.29, p <0.001), GH (r = –0.25, p <0.001) and age as well PF (r = –0.27, p <0.001), GH (r = –0.21, p <0.001) and BMI. Self-assessed dietary habits were correlated with PF (r = 0.22, p <0.001), mental health (r = 0.25, p <0.001), GH (r = 0.27, p <0.001) and V (r = 0.30, p <0.001) scores.
Conclusions: The analysis indicates that pharmacists tend to have similar mental and physical burden according to SF-36, with age, BMI and dietary habits as predominant factors influencing their HQoL. The study presents unique values for future comparative analyses related, for instance, to the influence of the ongoing pandemic on HQoL of health-care providers.

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Authors and Affiliations

Magdalena Kurnik-Łucka

1

Paweł Pasieka

1

Agnieszka Górecka-Mazur

1

Elżbieta Rząsa-Duran

2

Jakub Pękala

1

Krzysztof Gil

1

Department of Pathophysiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Pharmacists’ Chamber of Lesser Poland, Kraków, Poland

The role of oxidative stress in the cooperation of parthenolide and etoposide in HL-60 cells

Monika A. Papież Oliwia Siodłak Wirginia Krzyściak

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2020 | Vol. 60 | No 4 | 5-17 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2020.136200

Keywords parthenolide etoposide acute myeloid leukemia GSH oxidative stress flow cytometry

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Abstract

B a c k g r o u n d: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of sesquiterpene lactone parthenolide on the cytotoxic and pro-oxidative effects of etoposide in HL-60 cells.
M e t h o d s: Cytotoxic effects were determined by incubation of HL-60 cells with various concentrations of examined compounds and combinations thereof, which were then stained with propidium iodide and analyzed using a flow cytometer. To determine the role of oxidative stress in the action of the compounds, co-incubation with N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) and parthenolide and/or etoposide was used and the level of reduced glutathione (GSH) was detected.
R e s u l t s: Parthenolide significantly enhanced the cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic effects of etoposide. However, in most cases of the combinations of parthenolide and etoposide, their effect was antagonistic, as confirmed by an analysis using the CalcuSyn program. The examined compounds significantly reduced the level of GSH in HL-60 cells. Combination of etoposide at a concentration of 1.2 μM and parthenolide also significantly reduced GSH level. However, in the case of a combination of etoposide at a concentration of 2.5 μM with parthenolide, a significant increase in the level of GSH was obtained compared to compounds acting alone. This last observation seems to confirm the antagonism between the compounds tested.
C o n c l u s i o n s: Parthenolide did not limit the cytotoxic effect of etoposide in HL-60 cells even in the case of antagonistic interaction. If parthenolide does increase GSH levels in combination with etoposide in the normal hematopoietic cells, it could protect them against the pro-oxidative effects of this anti-cancer drug.

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Authors and Affiliations

Monika A. Papież

1

Oliwia Siodłak

1

Wirginia Krzyściak

2

Department of Cytobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Department of Medical Diagnostic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Contribution of 3D printing technology for craniofacial surgery

Janusz Skrzat

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2020 | Vol. 60 | No 4 | 31-40 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2020.136202

Keywords 3D printing mesh model craniofacial surgery computed tomography

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Abstract

This article summarizes technical aspects of preparing printable 3D anatomical models created from radiological data (CT, MRI) and discusses their usefulness in surgery of the human skull. Interdisciplinary approach to the capabilities of the 3D printers, and the materials used for manufacturing 3D objects oriented on replicating anatomical structures has created new possibilities for simulating and planning surgical procedures in clinical practice settings.

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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Skrzat

1

Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Changes in the clinical characteristics of women with gestational diabetes mellitus — a retrospective decade-long single center analysis

Magdalena Wilk Katarzyna Cyganek Bartłomiej Matejko Sabina Krzyżowska Izabela Lasoń Barbara Katra Joanna Zięba-Parkitny Przemysław Witek Maciej T. Małecki

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2020 | Vol. 60 | No 4 | 19-29 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2020.136201

Keywords diabetes diabetes mellitus gestational diabetes mellitus GDM hyperglycemia

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Abstract

A i m s: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an emerging worldwide problem. Changes in clinical characteristics of women affected by GDM in a long-term perspective are still not properly investigated. We aimed to examine such changes over a decade in a retrospective single-center analysis.
M e t h o d s: The medical documentation from Department of Metabolic Diseases, Krakow, Poland was analyzed. We included 633 women consecutively diagnosed with GDM in one of three time intervals: 2007–2008 (N = 157), 2012–2013 (N = 272), 2016–2017 (N = 234). Statistical analyses were performed.
R e s u l t s: Comparison of the three groups identified differences in the mean age of women at the GDM diagnosis (30.7 ± 5.0 years vs. 31.2 ± 4.7 vs. 32.5 ± 4.7, respectively, starting from the earliest 2007–2008 group), pregnancy week at GDM diagnosis (28.0 ± 5.3 wks. vs. 25.9 ± 4.9 vs. 23.4 ± 6.8), the proportion of women diagnosed before the 24th week of pregnancy (12.8% vs. 16.5% vs. 31.3%), and gestational weight gain (12.4 ± 5.0 kg vs. 10.4 ± 5.2 vs. 10.0 ± 5.7); (p = 0.001 or less for all comparisons). We also found differences for glucose values on fasting and at 2 hours with the highest (0 min) and lowest level (120 min) in the 2016–2017, respectively. Finally, a borderline difference for the weight, but not for BMI, was found (64.1 ± 14.1 kg vs. 66.2 ± 13.1 vs. 67.8 ± 15.6; p = 0.04). Differences were also identified in the post hoc analysis between cohorts.
C o n c l u s i o n: This retrospective analysis illustrates changes in characteristics of women with GDM occurring over the period of decade in Poland. They likely result from both epidemiological trends and modifications of the WHO criteria for the GDM diagnosis.

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Authors and Affiliations

Magdalena Wilk

1 2

Katarzyna Cyganek

1 2

Bartłomiej Matejko

1 2

Sabina Krzyżowska

1 2

Izabela Lasoń

1 2

Barbara Katra

1 2

Joanna Zięba-Parkitny

2

Przemysław Witek

1 2

Maciej T. Małecki

1 2

Department of Metabolic Diseases, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
University Hospital, Kraków, Poland

Relationships between quality of life and comprehensive geriatric assessment among seniors — a cross-sectional study in Krakow, Poland

Anna Pachołek Eliza Siemaszko-Oniszczuk Joanna Mierzwa Anna Wróbel Karolina Piotrowicz Jerzy Gąsowski Tomasz Tomasik

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2023 | Vol. 63 | No 1 | 5-17 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2023.145426

Keywords quality of life EQ-5D-5L general practitioner comprehensive geriatric assessment Poland

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Abstract

Background: Due to current increased life expectancy, the quality of life (QoL) of senior patients is gaining in importance. The aims of this study were: to estimate QoL in a group of patients, aged above 64 years, that is cared for by general practitioners (GPs) in Krakow, Poland, and to find relation-ships between elements of QoL and the results of comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) and other important medical and social factors.
Methods: We designed a cross-sectional, questionnaire study among patients who attended GPs’ sur-geries from April 2018 to April 2019. To examine the patients, we used the Euro-Quality of Life Ques-tionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) and eight scales forming CGA: the Activities of Daily Living, the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Mini-Mental State Examination, Geriatric Depression Scale, Timed Up and Go Test, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Clinical Frailty Scale and Athens Insomnia Scale.
Results: The lowest QoL was observed in dimensions of pain/discomfort and mobility, where 70% and 52% of patients, respectively, reported problems in these areas. Only 91 (21%) respondents had highest results in all five dimensions of QoL. The average score in the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of the EQ-5D- 5L (representing self-rated health on a given day) was 62.36 ± 18.98 points. Statistically significant relationships were observed between QoL and age, physical activity and multimorbidity (in all cases p <0.001). The results of QoL were correlated with every aspect of CGA, while the strongest relationship was noticed between scores in the EQ-5D-5L VAS scale and scales assessing depression and frailty (p <0.001; r = –0.57 both).
Conclusions: Our study showed that in senior patients in Krakow QoL was relatively high. Seniors mostly complained of pain/discomfort and problems with mobility. Moreover, dimensions of QoL were connected with the results of CGA. During visits, GPs should specifically question patients about the above mentioned aspects of QoL.

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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Pachołek

1 2

Eliza Siemaszko-Oniszczuk

3

Joanna Mierzwa

4

Anna Wróbel

5

Karolina Piotrowicz

6

Jerzy Gąsowski

6

Tomasz Tomasik

1 2

Department of Family Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
The College of Family Physicians in Poland
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Diseases, University Clinical Hospital, Białystok, Poland
Second Department of Internal Diseases, Dietl Specialist Hospital, Krakow, Poland
Department of Internal Diseases, City Hospital of Ruda Śląska, Ruda Śląska, Poland
Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

HSV encephalitis: is the insight of the clinician still crucial for the outcome?

Patoulias Dimitrios Christos Koutras

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2017 | vol. 57 | No 4 | DOI: 10.24425/118119

Keywords HSV encephalitis early diagnosis PCR test MRI acyclovir

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Authors and Affiliations

Patoulias Dimitrios

Christos Koutras

The efficacy of cardiopulmonary resuscitation, in a largecity, based on Krakow’s Emergency Medical Service

Janusz Andres Katarzyna Rebes Grzegorz Cebula Anna Mydlowska

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2017 | vol. 57 | No 4

Keywords cardiopulmonary resuscitation Utstein protocol return of spontaneous circulation

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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Andres

Katarzyna Rebes

Grzegorz Cebula

Anna Mydlowska

Canaliform median raphe cysts (MRCs) lined by squamous epithelium in a 5 year oldmale patient; report of a rare case and comprehensive review of the literature

Ioannis Patoulias Maria Kalogirou Patoulias Dimitrios Kyriakos Chatzopoulos

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2017 | vol. 57 | No 4 | DOI: 10.24425/118115

Keywords Median raphe cyst perineum scrotal raphe canaliform squamous epithelium male patient

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Authors and Affiliations

Ioannis Patoulias

Maria Kalogirou

Patoulias Dimitrios

Kyriakos Chatzopoulos

Penetration of formaldehyde based fi xatives into heart musculature

Mateusz K. Hołda Wiesława Klimek-Piotrowska Mateusz Koziej Kamil Tyrak Jakub Hołda

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2017 | vol. 57 | No 4 | DOI: 10.24425/118116

Keywords morphometry formalin alcoholic formalin formaldehyde heart anatomy fixation

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Authors and Affiliations

Mateusz K. Hołda

Wiesława Klimek-Piotrowska

Mateusz Koziej

Kamil Tyrak

Jakub Hołda

Analysis of pain and painless symptoms in temporomandibular joints dysfunctionin adult patients

Małgorzata Pihut Małgorzata Górecka Małgorzata Kulesa-Mrowiecka

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2017 | vol. 57 | No 4 | DOI: 10.24425/118117

Keywords temporomandibular joint dysfunction temporomandibular joint pain acoustic symptoms crackling

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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Pihut

Małgorzata Górecka

Małgorzata Kulesa-Mrowiecka

Th e quantitative evaluation of the immunohistochemical expression of the pituitary adenomas

Roger M. Krzyżewski Borys M. Kwinta Ewelina Grzywna Dariusz Adamek

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2017 | vol. 57 | No 4 | DOI: 10.24425/118118

Keywords morphometrical method immunohistochemical techniques adenohypophyseal hormones

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Authors and Affiliations

Roger M. Krzyżewski

Borys M. Kwinta

Ewelina Grzywna

Dariusz Adamek

Impact of pre-transplantation sinus abnormalities assessed by Lund-Mackay scoring system on sinusitis occurrence after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in acute leukemia patients

Jacek Sokołowski Joanna Drozd-Sokołowska Katarzyna Kobylińska Przemysław Biecek Ewa Karakulska-Prystupiuk Agnieszka Tomaszewska Tomasz Gotlib Kazimierz Niemczyk Wiesław Wiktor-Jędrzejczak Grzegorz Władysław Basak

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2021 | Vol. 61 | No 1 | 109-120 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2021.137217

Keywords allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation allo-HCT sinusitis Lund-Mackay scoring system computed tomography screening

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Abstract

Introduction: Screening sinonasal evaluation is routinely performed before allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT), however, data supporting such evaluation is inconsistent.
Objectives: Assessment of the utility of screening sinonasal evaluation with computed tomography (CT).
Methods: A retrospective analysis of acute leukemia patients who underwent allo-HCT, for whom screening sinonasal CT scans were reevaluated, and for whom Lund-Mackay score (LMS) was calculated.
Results: Forty-eight patients, the median age at allo-HCT 38 years (18–58), 52% males, were included. 79% had acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 21% acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Conditioning inten-sity was myeloablative in 96% of patients, 21% of patients received total body irradiation. 19% of patients had a history of sinusitis before allo-HCT. Screening sinus CT was performed a median of 22 days before allo-HCT. The median LMS was 1 point (0– 10). The severity of sinus abnormalities was: no abnormalities (31%), mild (67%), moderate (2%), severe (0%). Mucosal thickening was the most frequent abnormality (69%). Eleven patients experienced sinusitis after a median of 93 days (11–607) after allo-HCT. 1-year cumulative incidence of sinusitis was 22%. No threshold of LMS and no type of sinus abnormalities were correlated with sinusitis development after allo-HCT. Mild sinus disease at screening did not negatively impact survival in comparison to no sinus disease.
Conclusions: Despite the fact, that majority of analyzed patients had either no or mild sinus disease at screening a significant proportion of patients developed sinusitis after allo-HCT. Evaluation of LMS before allo-HCT did not help predict the development of sinusitis after the procedure.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jacek Sokołowski

1

Joanna Drozd-Sokołowska

2

Katarzyna Kobylińska

3

Przemysław Biecek

3

Ewa Karakulska-Prystupiuk

2

Agnieszka Tomaszewska

2

Tomasz Gotlib

1

Kazimierz Niemczyk

1

Wiesław Wiktor-Jędrzejczak

2

Grzegorz Władysław Basak

2

Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
Department of Hematology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
Faculty of Mathematics and Information Science, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland

Selected morphological and mechanical features of the femur of pregnant rats after exposure to caffeine applied at various temperatures. Caffeine in the nutrition of pregnant rats

Monika Cendrowska-Pinkosz Wojciech Dworzański Magdalena Krauze Paulius Matuseviĉius Katarzyna Ognik Franciszek Burdan

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2021 | Vol. 61 | No 1 | 95-108 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2021.137216

Keywords 1,3,7-methylxanthine bone metabolism bone rigility

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Abstract

It was assumed that the temperature at which caffeine is consumed may cause changes in the mechanical and morphological properties of bones and affect the bone metabolism of pregnant female. The aim of the study was to assess the effect of caffeine used at different temperatures on selected morphological and mechanical properties of the femur as well as biochemical indicators of bone formation in female rats in pregnancy. It was use test solution at the temperature 10, 25 and 45ºC from 8 to 21 day during pregnancy, once a day. It was found that the temperature of administrated caffeine may have an effect on changing the morphometric properties and on the bone metabolism of pregnant female rats. The application of caffeine solution, was administrated at 10ºC caused the most constrained growth of the femur and weakened resistance to load, and caused increased susceptibility to cracks. Analysis of bone metabolism indicators showed that caffeine administered in the form of a solution at 10ºC and 25ºC caused the most negativity effects for bone formation and bone turnover indicators. The administration of caffeine at 10ºC causes the largest negative changes in bone morphological and strength indicators and hasn’t a beneficial effect on the bone metabolism of pregnant female rats.

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Authors and Affiliations

Monika Cendrowska-Pinkosz

1

Wojciech Dworzański

1

Magdalena Krauze

2

Paulius Matuseviĉius

3

Katarzyna Ognik

2

Franciszek Burdan

1

Department of Human Anatomy, Medical University in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
Department of Animal Nutrition, Lithuanian University of Health, Kaunas, Lithuania

Effect of 5-fluorouracil on branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) complex in rat’s heart

Małgorzata Knapik-Czajka Michał Jurczyk Justyna Bieleń Veronika Aleksandrovych Anna Gawędzka Paulina Stach Jagoda Drąg Krzysztof Gil

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2021 | Vol. 61 | No 1 | 121-129 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2021.137218

Keywords 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) branched-chain α-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH) rat heart

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Abstract

Undisturbed branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) catabolism is necessary for normal heart function. The key enzyme in BCAA catabolism is a multienzyme branched-chain α-keto acid dehydro-genase complex (BCKDH). BCKDH activity is regulated mainly by reversible dephosphorylation (activa-tion)/phosphorylation (inactivation) cycle catalyzed by regulatory enzymes, a specific phosphatase (PPM1K) and kinase (BDK). 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is widely used in the treatment of different types of cancer. 5-FU has the potential to cause a wide spectrum of cardiotoxicity, ranging from asymptomatic electrocardiographic changes to cardiomyopathy and subsequent cardiac failure. We hypothesize that 5-FU modifies BCKDH activity and affects cardiac muscle metabolism. The current study was aimed at the investigation of the in vivo effect of 5-FU on BCKDH activity and mRNA levels for E1, PPM1K and BDK. Wistar male rats were administered with 4 doses of 5-FU, 150 mg/kg b.wt. each (study group) or 0.3% methylcellulose (control group). BCKDH activity was assayed spectrophotometrically. The mRNA levels were quantified by real-time PCR. 5-FU treatment caused an increase in BCKDH activity that appears to result mainly from increased dephosphorylation of the complex and is associated with an increase of PPM1K mRNA level and reduction of BDK and E1 mRNA levels. It is conceivable that 5-FU stimulation of BCKDH is an adaptive reaction with the purpose of enhancing the BCAA catabolism and protecting from toxic effect caused by excessive accumulation of these amino acids in heart.

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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Knapik-Czajka

1

Michał Jurczyk

2

Justyna Bieleń

1

Veronika Aleksandrovych

2

Anna Gawędzka

1

Paulina Stach

2

Jagoda Drąg

1

Krzysztof Gil

3

Department of Biochemical Analytics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Department of Pathophysiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
2Department of Pathophysiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Assessment of conformity between clinical (radiological) and histopathological diagnoses of chronic inflammatory periapical lesions treated with apicoectomy

Paweł Myciński Katarzyna Dobroś Tomasz Kaczmarzyk Joanna Zarzecka

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2020 | Vol. 60 | No 4 | 103-111 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2020.136208

Keywords periapical lesions clinical examination histopathological examination radicular cyst

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Abstract

O b j e c t i v e s: Periapical inflammation is one of the most common pathologies within the jaws, leading to the destruction of periodontal ligaments, bone resorption and the formation of periapical granulomas or radicular cysts. The final diagnosis can be made only on the basis of histopathological examination. The aim of the study was to assess the conformity between clinical and histopathological diagnosis of inflammatory periapical lesions treated with apicoectomy.
M a t e r i a l s a n d M e t h o d s: The case histories of 52 patients subjected to surgical treatment at the Clinic of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics between 2008 and 2018 were analyzed. Demographic data (age, gender), clinical (radiological) diagnosis, and data on the presence of sinus tracts and causal tooth were obtained from patients’ records. R e s u l t s: In the light of clinical and radiological examination, 32 (61.5%) periapical granulomas, 18 (34.6%) radicular cysts and 2 (3.9%) periapical scars were diagnosed, whereas the result of histopathological examination revealed granuloma in 34 (65.4%) cases and in 18 (34.6%) — radicular cyst. For clinical diagnosis of granuloma, the result coincided with the result of the histopathological examination in 28 cases, and in the case of cysts in 14. The analysis showed a significant relationship between the clinical and histopathological diagnoses (p <0.05).
C o n c l u s i o n s: The study emphasizes the importance of histopathological assessment for the proper diagnosis of periapical lesions.
C l i n i c a l R e l e v a n c e: The article emphasizes the high importance of histopathological examination for the correct diagnosis of chronic inflammatory periapical lesions.

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Bibliography

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6. Garcia C.C., Sempere F.V., Diago A.P., Bowen E.M.: The post-endodontic periapical lesion: Histologic and etiopathogenic aspects. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2007; 12 (8): 585–590.
7. Nair P.N.R., Sundqvist G., Sjögren U.: Experimental evidence supports the abscess theory of development of radicular cysts. Oral Surgery, Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endodontology. 2008; 106 (2): 294–303.
8. Von Arx T.: Apical surgery: A review of current techniques and outcome. Saudi Dent J. 2011; 23 (1): 9–15.
9. Diegues L.L., Robazza C.R.C., Hanemann J.A.C., Pereira A.A.C., Silva C.O.: Correlation between clinical and histopathological diagnoses in periapical inflammatory lesions. J Investig Clin Dent. 2011; 2 (3): 184–186.
10. Love R.M., Firth N.: Histopathological profile of surgically removed persistent periapical radiolucent lesions of endodontic origin. Int Endod J. 2009; 42 (3): 198–202.
11. Akinyamoju A.O., Gbadebo S.O., Adeyemi B.F.: Periapical lesions of the jaws: a review of 104 cases in ibadan. Ann Ibd Pg Med. 2014; 12 (2): 115–119.
12. Lin H.P., Chen H.M., Yu C.H., Kuo R.C., Kuo Y.S., Wang Y.P.: Clinicopathological study of 252 jaw bone periapical lesions from a private pathology laboratory. J Formos Med Assoc. 2010; 109 (11): 810–818.
13. Carrillo C., Penarrocha M., Ortega B., Martí E., Bagán J.V., Vera F.: Correlation of Radiographic Size and the Presence of Radiopaque Lamina With Histological Findings in 70 Periapical Lesions. J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2008; 66 (8): 1600–1605.
14. Obuchowicz R., Nurzyńska K., Obuchowicz B., Urbanik A., Piórkowski A.: Use of Texture Feature Maps for the Refinement of Information Derived from Digital Intraoral Radiographs of Lytic and Sclerotic Lesions. Appl Sci. 2019; 9 (15): 2968.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Myciński

1

Katarzyna Dobroś

1

Tomasz Kaczmarzyk

2

Joanna Zarzecka

1

Department of Conservative Dentistry with Endodontics, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Department of Oral Surgery, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Psychoemotional disturbance in adult patients with temporomandibular disorders. Research article

Małgorzata Pihut Magdalena Krasińska-Mazur Joanna Biegańska-Banaś Andrzej Gala

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2021 | Vol. 61 | No 1 | 57-65 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2021.137213

Keywords temporomandibular disorder psychological factor stress anxiety depression psychological management medical interview

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Abstract

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) encompass a diverse group of abnormalities in the functioning of the masticatory muscles, temporomandibular joints, and surrounding structures within the facial skull. One of the important etiological factors, contributing to the development of TMD are psychoemotional disorders, which include: depression, dysthymia, personality disorders, panic attacks as well as states and anxiety neuroses.
The aim of the study was to carry out a retrospective evaluation of the occurrence of psychoemotional disorders reported in the application form of medical interview of patients treated at the Consulting Room of Temporomandibular Disorders in Dental Institute (University Dental Clinic) for TMD.
The research material consisted of a subjective survey according to the protocol of the RDC/TMD questionnaire, axis II, of the 360 patients (224 women, 136 men), aged 19 to 43 who came to the University Dental Clinic in Krakow due to TMD management.
Result: The results of the conducted studies indicate the common occurrence of emotional disorders in the group of patients treated for TMD, both in the group of muscular and joint form of dysfunctions. The most often the patients selected: loss of sexual interest or pleasure, crying easily, feeling lonely, indifference to every-thing and feeling of worthlessness. These aspects show a significant influence of emotional factors on TMD.
Conclusion: The results of the conducted research indicate a significant frequencies of psychological and emotional disturbances reported in a survey among patients with TMD. Key

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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Pihut

1

Magdalena Krasińska-Mazur

1

Joanna Biegańska-Banaś

2

Andrzej Gala

1

Consulting Room of Temporomandibular, Disorders, Dental Institute, Prosthodontics Department, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Institute of Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Health Psychology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Coexistence of isolated internal iliac artery aneurysm with uterine cervical carcinoma

Franciszek Burdan Krzysztof Czarnocki Agnieszka Mocarska Maciej Burdan Iwonna Żelazowska-Cieślińska Elżbieta Starosławska

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2021 | Vol. 61 | No 1 | 49-56 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2021.137212

Keywords internal iliac artery aneurysms cervical carcinoma aneurysm epidemiology aneurysm risk factors aneurysm symptoms

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Abstract

Isolated internal iliac artery aneurysms are rarely described in the available literature. The paper presents a case of a 70-year-old female with idiopathic thrombocytopenia, squamous cell cervical carci-noma, and saccular aneurysm of the left internal iliac artery, detected in magnetic resonance. The review of aneurysm of the common, external and internal iliac arteries is added.

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Authors and Affiliations

Franciszek Burdan

1 2

Krzysztof Czarnocki

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Agnieszka Mocarska

1

Maciej Burdan

2

Iwonna Żelazowska-Cieślińska

1

Elżbieta Starosławska

1

St. John’s Cancer Centre, Lublin, Poland
Human Anatomy Department, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland

Novel antidiabetic drugs in diabetic kidney disease accompanying type 2 diabetes — a minireview

Ewa Wieczorek-Surdacka Andrzej Surdacki Jolanta Świerszcz Bernadeta Chyrchel

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2020 | Vol. 60 | No 4 | 97-101 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2020.136207

Keywords sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists renoprotection diabetic kidney disease type 2 diabetes cardiovascular outcome trials clinical practice guidelines

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Abstract

Intensive hypoglycemic treatment is the strongest preventive strategy against the development of microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), including diabetic nephropathy. However, some antidiabetic drugs, i.e. sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RA) have an additional renoprotective effect beyond glucose control by itself. Similar, both SGLT-2i and GLP1-RA have been demonstrated to decrease the risk of adverse cardiovascular (CV) events in CV outcome trials. Nevertheless, there are relevant differences in CV and renal effects of SGLT-2i and GLP1-RA. First, SGLT2i reduced the incidence and progression of albuminuria and prevented loss of kidney function, while predominant renal benefits of GLP1-RA were driven by albuminuria outcomes. Second, the risk of heart failure (HF) hospitalizations decreased on SGLT2i but not on GLP1-RA, which gives priority to SGLT2i in T2DM and HF, especially with depressed EF. Third, either GLP1-RA (reducing predominantly atherosclerosis-dependent events) or SGLT-2i, should be used in T2DM and established atherosclerotic CV disease (ASCVD) or other indicators of high CV risk. In this review, we have briefly compared clinical practice guidelines of the American Diabetes Association (2020 and 2021 versions), Polish Diabetes Association (2020) and the European Society of Cardiology/European Association for the Study of Diabetes (2019), with a focus on the choice between SGLT-2i and GLP1-RA in patients with diabetic kidney disease.

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Bibliography

1. American Diabetes Association: Microvascular complications and foot care: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2021. Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes–2020. Diabetes Care. 2020; 43 (Suppl 1): S135–S151.
2. American Diabetes Association: Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2020. Diabetes Care. 2020; 43 (Suppl 1): S98–S110.
3. American Diabetes Association: Pharmacologic approaches to glycemic treatment: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes-2021. Diabetes Care. 2021; 44 (Suppl 1): S111–S124.
4. Williams D.M., Nawaz A., Evans M.: Renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes: A review of cardiovascular and renal outcome trials. Diabetes Ther. 2020; 11: 369–386.
5. Heerspink H.J.L., Stefánsson, B.V., Correa-Rotter, et al.: Dapagliflozin in patients with chronic kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2020; 383: 1436–1446.
6. Jhund P.S., Solomon S.D., Docherty K.F., et al.: Efficacy of dapagliflozin on renal function and outcomes in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: Results of DAPA-HF. Circulation 2020 Oct 12; doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.050391.
7. Packer M., Anker S.D., Butler J., et al.: Cardiovascular and renal outcomes with empagliflozin in heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2020; 383: 1413–1424.
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10. Cosentino F., Grant P.J., Aboyans V., et al.: 2019 ESC Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases developed in collaboration with the EASD. Eur Heart J. 2020; 41: 255–323.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ewa Wieczorek-Surdacka

1

Andrzej Surdacki

2

Jolanta Świerszcz

3

Bernadeta Chyrchel

4

Chair and Department of Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Second Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Second Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Evaluation of a Polish Version of the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure

Dorota Zawiślak Kamila Żur-Wyrozumska Mariusz Habera Karolina Skrzypiec Agnieszka Pac Grzegorz Cebula

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2021 | Vol. 61 | No 1 | 81-93 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2021.137215

Keywords DREEM educational environment validity reliability

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Abstract

Introduction: The Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) is an instru-ment that assesses the educational environment.
Aim: The aim of this study was to psychometrically evaluate a Polish version of the DREEM instrument.
Material and Methods: 203 medical students who fully completed the DREEM questionnaire were included in the study. Validity was evaluated through the analysis of construct validity and reliability.
Results: After language validation the internal consistency was assessed. Cronbach’s alpha for the overall score was 0.93 and the five subscales were: perceptions of learning 0.86, perceptions of teachers 0.82, perceptions of atmosphere 0.75, academic self-perceptions 0.61, and social-self perceptions 0.61. The exploratory factor analyses, however, yielded dimensions that did not fully correspond to the original DREEM subscales.
Conclusions: Internal consistency of the Polish version of the DREEM scale as a whole was excellent, however for each of five originally developed subscales it was lower and vary a lot; construct validity of Polish version was not compatible with the original structure of the DREEM scale but was reasonable. A new five-factor solution obtained in this study could be a reliable tool for assessing the medical education environment in the Polish circumstances, but it will require confirmation in future study.

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Authors and Affiliations

Dorota Zawiślak

1

Kamila Żur-Wyrozumska

1

Mariusz Habera

1

Karolina Skrzypiec

1

Agnieszka Pac

2

Grzegorz Cebula

1

Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Modification of teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Department of Medical Education of Jagiellonian University Medical College

Agnieszka Skrzypek Ian Perera Marta Szeliga Grzegorz Cebula

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2020 | Vol. 60 | No 4 | 113-121 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2020.136209

Keywords medical didactics medical education distance learning education during the COVID-19 pandemic Department of Medical Education, Jagiellonian University Medical College

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Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic contributed to the implementation of changes in the methodology of conducting many courses at medical universities. Achieving learning outcomes was associated with self-discipline and an increased portion of students’ independent work. The aim of the study is to analyze the adaptation of teaching methods to the requirements of the COVID-19 pandemic at the Department of Medical Education of Jagiellonian University Medical College. The university authorities, instructors and students made every effort not to neglect their education. The Microsoft Teams platform allowed for the efficient organization of remote classes. Lectures, activities based on dialogue, brainstorming and role- -playing were conducted via the Internet. Presentations and short films were made available to students. The safety of individuals participating in classes was guaranteed by password access and an invitation sent prior to an online meeting. Remote learning allowed for the synthesis and deepening of students’ knowledge, improvement of communication skills and development of clinical thinking as future doctors. The disadvantages of online education was the inability to improve practical skills, especially on phantoms, under the direct supervision of a trained instructor.

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Bibliography

1. Ahmad Al Samaraee: The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on medical education. British Journal of Hospital Medicine. 2020; 81 (7). Published Online: 20 Jul 2020 https://doi.org/10.12968/ hmed.2020.0191.
2. Skrzypek A., Stalmach-Przygoda A., Dębicka-Dąbrowska D., Kocurek A., Szopa M., Górski S., Szeliga M., Małecki M., Grodecka A., Cebula G., Nowakowski M.: Selected didactic methods used in education of medical students at the Department of Medical Education of Jagiellonian University Medical College. What’s new in medical didactics? General and Professional Education. 2018; 1: 26–32.
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4. Małecki Ł., Stalmach-Przygoda A., Górski S., Kocurek A., Skrzypek A., Kowalska B., Nowakowski M.: Wprowadzenie całościowego kursu komunikacji medycznej dla studentów Wydziału Lekarskiego Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego Collegium Medicum.= The introduction of a comprehensive communication course for medical students of the Faculty of Medicine at the Jagiellonian University Medical College. Uniwersytet Jagielloński Collegium Medicum Zakład Dydaktyki Medycznej. Sztuka Leczenia. 2017; 1: 73–84.
5. Maran N.J., Glavin R.J.: Low- to high-fidelity simulation — a continuum of medical education? Medical Education. 2003; 37: 22–28.
6. Nikendei Ch., Huber J., Stiepak J., Huhn D., Lauter J., Krautter M.: Modification of Peyton’s four-step approach for small group teaching — a descriptive study. BMC Medical Education. 2014. https://doi. org/10.1186/1472-6920-14-68.
7. Skrzypek A., Szeliga M., Jagielski P., Perera I., Dębicka-Dąbrowska D., Wilczyńska-Golonka M., Górecki T., Cebula G.: The modified Peyton approach in the teaching of cardiac auscultation. Folia Med Crac. 2019; 59 (4): 21–32.
8. Skrzypek A., Kocurek A., Stalmach-Przygoda A., Małecki Ł., Górski S., Kowalska B., Szeliga M., Jabłoński K., Matłok M., Cebula G., Nowakowski M.: Rola profesjonalnych pacjentów symulowanych w nauczaniu komunikacji klinicznej. The role of professional simulated patients in teaching of clinical communication. General and Professional Education. 2017; 4: 29–35.
9. Czekajlo M., Dabrowski M., Dabrowska A.: Symulacja medyczna jako profesjonalne narzędzie wpływające na bezpieczeństwo pacjenta wykorzystywane w procesie nauczania. Merkur Lekarski. 2015; 38 (228): 360–363.
10. Green M., Tariq R., Green P.: Improving Patient Safety through Simulation Training in Anesthesiology: Where Are We? Anesthesiol Res Pract. 2016; 4237523. doi: 10.1155/2016/4237523. Epub 2016 Feb 1.
11. Dieckmann P., Patterson M., Lahlou S., Mesman J., Nystrom P., Krage R.: Variation and adaptation: learning from success in patient safety-oriented simulation training. Adv Simul (Lond). 2017; 2: 21. doi: 10.1186/s41077-017-0054-1.
12. Skrzypek A., Cegielny T., Szeliga M., Jabłoński K., Nowakowski M.: Different perceptions of Problem Based Learning among Polish and Scandinavian students. Is PBL the same for everyone? Preliminary study. General and Professional Education. 2017; 3: 58–64.
13. McMillan M., Little P.: Conceptualizing Problem-Based Learning: Ensuring Realization of Curriculum Intentions. J Probl Based Learn. 2020; 7 (1):1–2.
14. Lucey C.R., Johnston S.C.: The Transformational Effects of COVID-19 on Medical Education. JAMA. 2020; 324 (11): 1033–1034. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.14136.

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Authors and Affiliations

Agnieszka Skrzypek

1

Ian Perera

1

Marta Szeliga

1

Grzegorz Cebula

1

Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

What factors influence the long-term survival of nursing home residents with severe disabilities?

Anna Kańtoch Jadwiga Wójkowska-Mach Barbara Wizner Piotr Heczko Tomasz Grodzicki Barbara Gryglewska

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2021 | Vol. 61 | No 1 | 67-79 | DOI: 10.24425/fmc.2021.137214

Keywords MNA-SF survival nursing home disability mortality

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Abstract

Background/Aim: Factors influencing the survival of the nursing home population have not yet been clearly defined. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of nutritional, mental, functional, disease and pharmacological factors on the survival of nursing home residents with severe disabilities.
Material and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted with a 9-year follow-up period among nursing home residents with a Barthel score ≤40. The initial assessment included the following scales: Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA-SF), Abbreviated Mental Test Score (AMTS), the Barthel Index, and blood pressure (BP) measurements. Comorbidities, medications and all-cause mortality were extracted from medical records. The analyzed cohort was divided into two groups: Deceased — residents who died ≤3 years and Survivors — those who survived >3 years of observation.
Results: Survivors (n = 40) and Deceased (n = 48) did not differ significantly in terms of age, sex, systolic and diastolic BP, the Barthel Index, number of diseases and medications used. Survivors had significantly higher scores in MNA-SF (p <0.001) and AMTS (p <0.003) than Deceased. Moreover, Survivors had hyper-tension significantly more often and took aspirin and ACE inhibitors (p <0.05). The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the MNA-SF score significantly affected mortality [OR = 0.62, (95%CI, 0.46– 0.84), p <0.001].
Conclusion: Higher MNA-SF scores were a factor that significantly affected the survival of nursing home residents, while functional status assessed using the Barthel Index had no effect on survival. MNA-SF was found to be a useful tool for assessing the risk of death in a nursing home.

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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Kańtoch

1

Jadwiga Wójkowska-Mach

2

Barbara Wizner

1

Piotr Heczko

2

Tomasz Grodzicki

1

Barbara Gryglewska

1

Department of Internal Medicine and Gerontology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, University Hospital in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Visual perception of the osseous labyrinth rendered from micro-CT scans of the petrous bone

Janusz Skrzat Jacek Tarasiuk Sebastian Wroński Magdalena Kozerska

Folia Medica Cracoviensia | 2017 | vol. 57 | No 4 | DOI: 10.24425/118111

Keywords visual perception image analysis inner ear micro-CT

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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Skrzat

Jacek Tarasiuk

Sebastian Wroński

Magdalena Kozerska

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