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Number of results: 33
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Abstract

Object tracking based on Siamese networks has achieved great success in recent years, but increasingly advanced trackers are also becoming cumbersome, which will severely limit deployment on resource-constrained devices. To solve the above problems, we designed a network with the same or higher tracking performance as other lightweight models based on the SiamFC lightweight tracking model. At the same time, for the problems that the SiamFC tracking network is poor in processing similar semantic information, deformation, illumination change, and scale change, we propose a global attention module and different scale training and testing strategies to solve them. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, this paper has done comparative experiments on the ILSVRC, OTB100, VOT2018 datasets. The experimental results show that the method proposed in this paper can significantly improve the performance of the benchmark algorithm.
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Authors and Affiliations

Zhentao Wang
1
Xiaowei He
1
Rao Cheng
1

  1. College of Mathematics and Computer Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, Zhejiang, 321000, China
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Abstract

Aiming at the problems of low accuracy, low efficiency and low stability of traditional methods and recent developments in advanced technology incite the industries to be in sync with modern technology. With respect to various available techniques, this paper designs a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of the manufacturing industry for transferring risk based on economic big-data analytics. The big-data analysis method is utilized to obtain the data source of fuzzy evaluation of the manufacturing industry to transfer risk using data as the basis of risk evaluation. Based on the risk factors, the proposed model establishes the risk index system of the manufacturing industry and uses the expert evaluation method to design the scoring method of the evaluation index system. To ensure the accuracy of the evaluation results, the manufacturing industry's fuzzy comprehensive model is established using the entropy weight method, and the expert evaluation results are modified accordingly. The experimental results show that the highest efficiency of the proposed method is 96%, the highest accuracy of the evaluation result is 75%. The evaluation result's stability is higher than the other existing methods, which fully verifies the effectiveness and can provide a reliable theoretical basis for enterprise risk evaluation research.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tong Sun
1
Chunzhi Liu
2

  1. Department of Economics, Shenyang Institute of Science and Technology, Shenyang, 110167, China
  2. College of International Business, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034, China
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Abstract

Quick development of computer techniques and increasing computational power allow for building high-fidelity models of various complex objects and processes using historical data. One of the processes of this kind is an air traffic, and there is a growing need for traffic mathematical models as air traffic is increasing and becoming more complex to manage. This study concerned the modelling of a part of the arrival process. The first part of the research was air separation modelling by using continuous probability distributions. Fisher Information Matrix was used for the best fit selection. The second part of the research consisted of applying regression models that best match the parameters of representative distributions. Over a dozen airports were analyzed in the study and that allowed to build a generalized model for aircraft air separation in function of traffic intensity. Results showed that building a generalized model which comprises traffic from various airports is possible. Moreover, aircraft air separation can be expressed by easy to use mathematical functions. Models of this kind can be used for various applications, e.g.: air separation management between aircraft, airports arrival capacity management, and higher-level air traffic simulation or optimization tasks.
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Authors and Affiliations

Adrian Pawełek
1
ORCID: ORCID
Piotr Lichota
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

High-speed switching capabilities of SiC MOSFET power modules allow building high power converters working with elevated switching frequencies offering high efficiencies and high power densities. As the switching processes get increasingly rapid, the parasitic capacitances and inductances appearing in SiC MOSFET power modules affect switching transients more and more significantly. Even relatively small parasitic capacitances can cause a significant capacitive current flow through the SiC MOSFET power module. As the capacitive current component in the drain current during the turn-off process is significant, a commonly used method of determining the switching power losses based on the product of instantaneous values of drain-source voltage and drain current may lead to a severe error. Another problem is that charged parasitic capacitances discharge through the MOSFET resistive channel during the turn-on process. As this happens in the internal structure, that current is not visible on the MOSFET terminals. Fast switching processes are challenging to measure accurately due to the imperfections of measurement probes, like their output signals delay mismatch. This paper describes various problems connected with the correct determination of switching power losses in high-speed SiC MOSFET power modules and proposes solutions to these problems. A method of achieving a correct time alignment of waveforms collected by voltage and current probes has been shown and verified experimentally. In order to estimate SiC MOSFET channel current during the fast turn-off process, a method based on the estimation of nonlinear parasitic capacitances current has also been proposed and verified experimentally
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Authors and Affiliations

Dawid Zięba
1
ORCID: ORCID
Jacek Rąbkowski
2

  1. Medcom Company, Jutrzenki 78A, 02-230 Warsaw, Poland
  2. University of Technology, Institute of Control and Industrial Electronics, Koszykowa 75, 00-662 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

The iterative learning fault-tolerant control strategies with non-strict repetitive initial state disturbances are studied for the linear discrete networked control systems (NCSs) and the nonlinear discrete NCSs. In order to reduce the influence of the initial state disturbance in iteration, for the linear NCSs, considering the external disturbance and actuator failure, the iterative learning fault-tolerant control strategy with impulse function is proposed. For the nonlinear NCSs, the external disturbance, packet loss and actuator failure are considered, the iterative learning fault-tolerant control strategy with random Bernoulli sequence is provided. Finally, the proposed control strategies are used for simulation research for the linear NCSs and the nonlinear NCSs. The results show that both strategies can reduce the influence of the initial state disturbance on the tracking effect, which verifies the effectiveness of the given method.
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Authors and Affiliations

Fu Xingjian
1
Zhao Qianjun
1

  1. School of Automation, Beijing Information Science and Technology University, Beijing 100192, China
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Abstract

In the era of smart manufacturing and Industry 4.0, the rapid development of modelling in production processes results in the implementation of new techniques, such as additive manufacturing (AM) technologies. However, large invest-ments in the devices in the field of AM technologies require prior analysis to identify the possibilities of improving the production process flow. This paper proposes a new approach to determine and optimize the production process flow with improvements made by the AM technologies through the application of the Petri net theory. The existing produc-tion process is specified by a Petri net model and optimized by AM technology. The modified version of the system is verified and validated by the set of analytic methods safeguarding against the formal errors, deadlocks, or unreachable states. The proposed idea is illustrated by an example of a real-life production process.
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Authors and Affiliations

Justyna Patalas-Maliszewska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Remigiusz Wiśniewski
2
ORCID: ORCID
Marcin Topczak
1
ORCID: ORCID
Marcin Wojnakowski
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Mechanical Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, Szafrana 4, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
  2. Institute of Control & Computation Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, Szafrana 2, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland
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Abstract

The aim of the article is to present an exemplary system for recording and analyzing quality costs and to demonstrate that it is helpful in planning and assessing the effectiveness of continuous improvement processes at the operational and strategic level. Various approaches to defining quality costs are described, followed by indicators for assessing effectiveness and tools to collect data on the values of individual groups of quality costs and compare them with financial indicators. The practical part presents a case study on the quality cost accounting system in a medical company and the possibility of using quality cost accounting to plan and evaluate continuous improvement processes and make managerial decisions.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ilona Herzog
Marta Grabowska
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Abstract

The aim of our research is to gain understanding about material flow related information sharing in the circular economy value network in the form of industrial symbiosis. We need this understanding for facilitating new industrial symbiosis relationships and to support the optimization of operations. Circular economy has been promoted by politics and regulation by EU. In Finland, new circular economy strategy raises the facilitation of industrial symbiosis and data utilization as the key actions to improve sustainability and green growth. Companies stated that the practical problem is to get information on material availability. Digitalization is expected to boost material flows in circular economy by data, but what are the real challenges with circular material flows and what is the willingness of companies to develop co-operation? This paper seeks understanding on how Industry 4.0 is expected to improve the efficiency of waste or by-product flows and what are the expectations of companies. The research question is: How Industry 4.0 technologies and solutions can fix the gaps and discontinuities in the Industrial Symbiosis information flow? This research is conducted as a qualitative case study research with three cases, three types of material and eight companies. Interview data were collected in Finland between January and March 2021. Companies we interviewed mentioned use-cases for sensors and analytics to optimize the material flow but stated the investment cost compared to the value of information. To achieve sustainable circular material flows, the development needs to be done in the bigger picture, for the chain or network of actors, and the motivation and the added value must be found for each of them.
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Authors and Affiliations

Anne-Mari Järvenpää
Vesa Salminen
Jussi Kantola
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Abstract

In digital revolution, the appropriate IT infrastructure, technological knowledge are essential for the success of companies, where the success of the digital transformation depends on digital maturity. The aim of the study is to define the digital maturity, theoretical foundation of the digital maturity model and present a framework for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) understanding where they are in digitalisation (how advanced their digital resource system and digital approach) to respond faster and efficiently to environmental changes. The model construction is based on theory of dynamic capabilities, graduation models, and SMEs management challenges. The model is a dynamic model to support management in strategic, digital and organizational developments, which is divided into IT and organizational dimensions, including 6 components and 28 subcomponents. The ultimate goal of the study is to determine the component weights to create a neurofuzzy model.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ágnes Sándor
Ákos Gubán
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Abstract

Technological progress is the driving force behind industrial development. It is a multidimensional and multi-level phenomenon. In this article we focus on its three manifestations: information and communication technologies (ICT), Industry 4.0 and agile manufacturing. The aim of this article is to analyse the relationship between these constructs as they are undoubtedly interrelated. ICT plays a key role, but it is not a goal itself. They are a prerequisite for the implementation of Industry 4.0, but together with it they serve to achieve agility by the manufacturing system and, as a result, achieve a competitive advantage by companies operating in turbulent and unpredictable environment. The literature findings in this paper are part of a broader study conducted on the impact of ICT on agility of SMEs operating in India. Therefore, we include also subsections showing the level of this relationship in Indian SMEs.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ibrahim Khan Mohammed
Stefan Trzcielinski
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Abstract

Enterprise innovation is currently becoming a recognized factor of the competitiveness, survival, and development of companies in the market economy. Managers still need recommendations on ways of stimulating the growth of innovation in their companies. The objective of this paper is to identify the strategic factors of enterprise innovativeness in the area of technology, defined as the most important internal factors positively impacting the innovativeness of enterprises in a strategic perspective. Empirical studies were conducted using the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI) method on a purposive sample of N = 180 small and medium-sized innovative industrial processing enterprises in Poland. Data analysis was performed using Exploratory Factor Analysis within the Confirmatory Factor Analysis framework (E-CFA) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Empirical research shows that the strategic factor of enterprise innovativeness in the area of technology is technological activity. A technologically active company should (1) possess a modern machinery stock, (2) conduct systematic technological audits, and (3) maintain close technical cooperation with the suppliers of raw materials, consumables, and intermediates. The implementation of the indicated recommendations by managers should lead to increased innovativeness of small and medium-sized industrial companies. The author recommends the use of the presented research procedure and data analysis methods in further studies.
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Authors and Affiliations

Danuta Rojek
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Abstract

The present paper describes a methodological framework developed to select a multi-label dataset transformation method in the context of supervised machine learning techniques. We explore the rectangular 2D strip-packing problem (2D-SPP), widely applied in industrial processes to cut sheet metals and paper rolls, where high-quality solutions can be found for more than one improvement heuristic, generating instances with multi-label behavior. To obtain single-label datasets, a total of five multi-label transformation methods are explored. 1000 instances were generated to represent different 2D-SPP variations found in real-world applications, labels for each instance represented by improvement heuristics were calculated, along with 19 predictors provided by problem characteristics. Finally, classification models were fitted to verify the accuracy of each multi-label transformation method. For the 2D-SPP, the single-label obtained using the exclusion method fit more accurate classification models compared to the other four multi-label transformation methods adopted.
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Authors and Affiliations

Neuenfeldt Júnior Alvaro
Matheus Francescatto
Gabriel Stieler
David Disconzi
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Abstract

This study investigates (1) the effect of quality information on quality performance through process control and (2) the moderating role of shop floor leadership on the relationship between quality information and quality performance in the context of manufacturing plants on a global basis. The moderated mediation analysis with a bootstrapping approach was employed to analyse data for hypotheses testing. The data is from the fourth-round dataset of the High- Performance Manufacturing Project, collected from manufacturing plants worldwide. The results indicate that (1) quality information is positively associated with quality performance through process control, and (2) shop floor leadership (i.e., supervisory interaction facilitation) positively moderates the indirect effect of quality information on quality performance; that is, the shop floor leadership practice strengthens the effect of quality information on quality performance through process control. This study also has a practical implication for top managers who should consider the vital role of leadership practices adopted by shop floor supervisors in implementing total quality management practices and should raise awareness that leadership practices are not only for the ‘C-suite’ but also for shop floor supervisors.
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Authors and Affiliations

Ngoc Anh Nguyen
Chi Phan Anh
Thi Xuan Thoa Pham
Matsui Yoshiki
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Abstract

In mid-1992, Japanese consultant Yamada Hitoshi was tasked with modifying the production systems of Japanese companies as the existing configurations at manufacturing plants no longer satisfied unstable demands. He made improvements to the overall production system by dividing the long assembly lines into several short ones called cells or seru. Although of the advantages, it is still unclear about how to manage this new production system, and what variables really promoted the desired benefits. We identify in total 39 articles from 2004– 2020 about the progress of the seru production system, and we observe some possibilities to improve the effectiveness of this type of the production system. The first is the possibility of manufacturing the product in flexible sequence, in which the operations are independent among them. We show through the developed example that the makespan may be different. We noted when converting the in-line production system to one pure seru, the makespan tend to increase. Nevertheless, when analyzing the effectiveness of serus working concomitantly considering splitting the same lot, makespan and the cost may be reduced. And finally, when converting to one of pure serus, the performance may be similar to that obtained when serus working concomitantly.
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Authors and Affiliations

Yung Chin Shih
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Abstract

Lean Green is a concept which is implemented as a part of the sustainable development strategy, share allowing for reduction of the company’s costs related to, on the one hand, efficient use of energy factors and on the other optimum use of production factors aimed at minimisation of wastefulness, in particular in the area of post-production waste and pollution. The purpose of the article is to identify the determinants, internal stimuli and to specify the force with which they affect the implementation of the Lean Green concept in companies on various continents: America, Asia and Europe. For the purpose of better recognition of the examined problem, analysis of results of studies was made in consideration of the following criteria: country where a given company operates and share of persons outside the company in the process of implementation of this concept. In article uses the one-way ANOVA methodology, the Shapiro Wilk and Levene tests and the non-parametric Kruskal Wallis test. Hitherto studies have confirmed that the determinants are regional, which indicates the necessity of directional studies.
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Authors and Affiliations

Nicoletta Baskiewicz
Claudiu Barbu
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Abstract

Traditionally the aggregate production plan helps in determining the inventory, production, and work-force, based on the demand forecasts without considering the productivity loss at a tactical level in supply chain planning. In this paper, we include the productivity loss into traditional aggregate production plan and the prescriptive analytics technique, linear programming, is used to solve this problem of practical interest in the domain of multifarious businesses and industries. In this study, we discussed two model variations of the aggregate production planning problem with and without productivity loss, i) fixed work-force, and ii) variable Work Force. The mathematical models were designated to be solved by using an open-source python pulp package in order to evaluate the impacts of the productivity loss on both the models. PuLP is an open-source modeling framework provided by the COIN-OR Foundation (Computational Infrastructure for Operations Research) for linear and integer Programing problems written in Python. The computational results indicate that the productivity loss has direct impact on the workforce hiring and firing.
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Authors and Affiliations

Hakeem Ur REHMAN
Ayyaz AHMAD
Zarak ALI
Sajjad Ahmad BAIG
Umair MANZOOR

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Abstract

The aim of this work is to present new reliability characteristics expressed as functions of some variable expressing the measure of effective operation of a machine or a device. These characteristics can be used for both renewable and non-renewable objects. Their mathematical idea reflects the essence of already known characteristics, i.e. it expresses the probability of failure but expressed as a function of a variable, not necessarily identified with time.
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Authors and Affiliations

Gabriela Kopania
Anna Kuczmaszewska
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Abstract

Simulations are becoming one of the most important techniques supporting production preparation, even in those industrial sectors with atypical technological processes, such as in metallurgy, where there is a multiphase material flow. This is due to the fact that in the conditions of a market economy, enterprises have to solve more and more complex problems in a shorter time. On the basis of the existing production process and the knowledge of the flow characteristics in a given process, a model is built, which, when subjected to simulation tests, provides experimental results in the scope of the defined problem. The use of computer techniques also creates new possibilities for the rational use of the reserves inherent in each technological process. Taking into account the existing demand and the state of modern technology, the computer model can be a source of information for further analysis and decision-making processes supporting company management. At work a model of the logistic system was made on the example of a hot-rolled steel strip mill, on which simulation experiments were carried out to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the analysis production line. The presented article aims to disseminate the idea of ??Industry 4.0 in Polish companies from the manufacturing industry sector, taking into account simulation techniques.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mariusz Niekurzak
1
Ewa Kubińska-Jabcoń
1

  1. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Management, Poland
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Abstract

Production and assessment of artillery firing tables (FT) are the key tasks in solving ballistic problems through both standard and non-standard firing conditions. According to the literature, two different standard firing table formats were developed by the former-Soviet and the United States armies. This study proposes the main difference between these FT formats, as the standard meteorological conditions. An accuracy assessment has been proposed to justify different sources of errors through modeling and production of such tables, including applied meteorological message, aiming angles round-off, linear superposition principle, and Earth approximation. A~case study has been proposed for the 155M107 projectile to demonstrate the impact of the Coriolis effect as well as other ballistic and atmospheric non-standard conditions. As a part of the construction of artillery FT, a fitting process has to be made between available firing data and simulations. Therefore, a parametric study is implemented to study the number of test elevations per charge needed through the fitting process and its corresponding production error. Hence, based on the number of test elevations available, the genetic algorithm (GA) has been utilized to obtain the test elevations order needed with minimum FT production error. The results show a good agreement with the data stated in the literature.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Mostafa Khalil
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Aerospace Engineering Department, Military Technical College, Cairo, Egypt
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Abstract

The classical Cayley–Hamilton theorem is extended to fractional different order linear systems. The new theorems are applied to different orders fractional linear electrical circuits. The applications of new theorems are illustrated by numerical examples.
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Authors and Affiliations

Tadeusz Kaczorek
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, ul. Wiejska 45D, 15-351 Białystok, Poland
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Abstract

In perovskite solar cells, series of symmetrical and asymmetrical imino-naphthalimides were tested as hole-transporting materials. The compounds exhibited high thermal stability at the temperature of the beginning of thermal decomposition above 300 °C. Obtained imino-naphthalimides were electrochemically active and their adequate energy levels confirm the application possibility in the perovskite solar cells. Imino-naphthalimides were absorbed with the maximum wavelength in the range from 331 nm to 411 nm and emitted light from the blue spectral region in a chloroform solution. The presented materials were tested in the perovskite solar cells devices with a construction of FTO/b-TiO2/m-TiO2/perovskite/ HTM/Au. For comparison, the reference perovskite cells were also performed (without hole-transporting materials layer). Of all the proposed materials tested as hole-transporting materials, the bis-(imino-naphthalimide) containing in core the triphenylamine structure showed a power conversion efficiency at 1.10% with a short-circuit current at 1.86 mA and an open-circuit voltage at 581 mV.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mateusz Korzec
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sonia Kotowicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Agnieszka K. Pająk
1 2
ORCID: ORCID
Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
1 3
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 9 Szkolna St., 40-007 Katowice, Poland
  2. Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Polish Academy of Sciences, 25 Reymont St., 30-059 Krakow, Poland
  3. Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Skłodowska St., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
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Abstract

The technology of manufacturing silicon solar cells is complex and consists of several stages. The final steps in succession are the deposition of antireflection layer and discharge contacts. Metallic contacts are usually deposited by the screen printing method and then, fired at high temperature. Therefore, this article presents the results of a research on the effect of heat treatment on the properties of the Al2O3 thin film previously deposited by the atomic layer deposition method. It works well as both passivating and antireflection coating. Moreover, heat treatment affects the value of the cell short-circuit current and, thus, its efficiency. The surface morphology, optical and electrical properties were investigated, describing the influence of heat treatment on the properties of the deposited layers and the manufactured solar cells.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Szindler
1
ORCID: ORCID
Magdalena M. Szindler
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Scientific and Didactic Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Material Technologies, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 7 Towarowa St., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
  2. Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, 18a Konarskiego St., 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Abstract

Fano resonance is an optical effect that emerges from the coherent coupling and interference (constructive and destructive) between the continuous state (background process) and the Lorentzian state (resonant process) in the plasmonic waveguide-resonator system. This effect has been used in the applications like optical sensors. These sensors are extensively used in sensing biochemicals and gases by the measurement of refractive index changes as they offer high sensitivity and ultra-high figure of merit. Herein, we surveyed several plasmonic Fano sensors with different geometries composed of metal-insulator-metal waveguide(s). First, the resonators are categorized based on different architectures. The materials and methods adopted for these designs are precisely surveyed and presented. The performances are compared depending upon the characterization parameters like sensitivity and figure of merit. Finally, based on the survey of very recent models, the advances and challenges of refractive index sensing deployed on Fano resonances are discussed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Rammani Adhikari
1 2
Diksha Chauhan
1
Genene T. Mola
3
Ram P. Dwivedi
1

  1. Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Shoolini University, Bajhol, (HP) 173229, India
  2. School of Engineering, Pokhara University, Pokhara Metropolitan City 30, Kaski, Nepal
  3. School of Chemistry and Physics, University of Kwazulu Natal, Scottsville, South Africa
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Abstract

This research paper discusses an analytical approach to designing the active region of light emitting diodes to enhance its performance. The layers in the active region were modified and the effects of changing the width of quantum well and barrier layers in a multi-quantum light emitting diode on the output power and efficiency have been investigated. Also, the ratio of the quantum well width to the B layer width was calculated and proposed in this research paper. The study is carried out on two different LED structures. In the first case, the width of the quantum well layers is kept constant while the width of the B layers is varied. In the second case, both the quantum well and B layer widths are varied. Based on the simulation results, it has been observed that the LED power efficiency increases considerably for a given quantum well to B layers width ratio without increasing the production complexity. It is also seen that for a desired power efficiency the width of quantum well should be between 0.003 µm and 0.006 µm, and the range of B width (height) should be 2.2 to 6 times the quantum well width. The proposed study is carried out on the GaN-AlGaN-based multi-quantum well LED structure, but this study can be extended to multiple combinations of the semiconductor structures.
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Authors and Affiliations

Lokesh Sharma
1
Ritu Sharma
1

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Malaviya, National Institute of Technology, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India

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