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Evaluation of the Possibility of Applying Thermal Barrier Coatings to AlSi7Mg Alloy Castings

Marek Mróz Patryk Rąb

Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2023 | vol. 23 | No 3 | 104-109 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2023.146668

Keywords thermal barrier coating aluminum-silicon alloy atmospheric plasma spraying

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Abstract

This paper analyses the possibility of applying thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) onto a substrate made of the AlSi7Mg alloy, intended for, among other things, internal combustion engine components. Engine components made of aluminum-silicon alloys, especially pistons and valve heads, are exposed to high temperature, pressure and thermal shock resulting from the combustion of the fuel-air mixture. These factors cause degradation of these components and can lead to damage. To minimize the risk of damage to engine components caused by heat stress, one way is to apply TBCs. Applying TBCs coatings to engine components improves their durability, increases power output and reduces fuel consumption. The research scope includes the application of an Al2O3-TiO3 coating via the APS (Air Plasma Spraying or Atmospheric Plasma Spraying) method onto a substrate of the AlSi7Mg alloy, analysis of the microstructure and chemical composition of the substrate and coating material, and assessment of the quality of the coating's bond with the AlSi7Mg alloy substrate using the scratch test method.

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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Mróz

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ORCID:

Patryk Rąb

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Evaluation of Mixing Efficiency and How it Affects the Properties of the New Green Sand Mixtures

Š. Kielar M. Bašistová P. Lichy

Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2023 | vol. 23 | No 3 | 88-93 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2023.146666

Keywords Green sand mixture Eddy mixer mixing time Optimization of mixing Green compressive strength

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Abstract

The current trend in the preparation of green sand mixtures emphasizes the acceleration of the mixing process while maintaining the quality of the mixture. This requirement results in the necessity of determining the optimal conditions for mixing the mixture with a given mixer. This work aims to determine the optimal mixing conditions for the newly introduced eddy mixer LM-3e from the company Multiserw-Morek in the sand laboratory at the Department of Metallurgical Technologies, Faculty of Materials and Technology, VŠB - Technical University of Ostrava. The main monitored properties of mixtures will be green compressive strength and moisture of the mixture. The measured properties of the mixture mixed on the eddy mixer will be compared with the properties of the mixture mixed on the existing LM-2e wheel mixer. The result of the experiment confirmed that the eddy mixer is suitable for the preparation of a mixture of the same quality as the wheel mixer but with a significantly reduced mixing time.

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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Š. Kielar

1

M. Bašistová

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

P. Lichy

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

VSB - Technical University of Ostrava Faculty of Materials Science and Technology, Czech Republic

Crystallization of GX2CrNiMoCuN 25-6-3-3 Grade Alloy Cast Steel and its Microstructure in the As-cast State and After Heat Treatment

T. Wróbel P. Jurczyk C. Baron P. Nuckowski

Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2023 | vol. 23 | No 3 | 94-103 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2023.146667

Keywords Duplex stainless cast steel microstructure crystallization DTA Heat treatment

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Abstract

The paper presents the results of research conducted in the field of crystallization and microstructure of duplex alloy cast steel GX2CrNiMoCuN 25-6-3-3 grade. The material for research was the above-mentioned cast steel with a chemical composition compliant with the relevant PN-EN 10283 standard, but melted at the lowest standard allowable concentration of alloying additives (some in short supply and expensive), i.e. Cr, Ni, Mn, Mo, Cu and N. The analysis of the crystallization process was performed based on the DTA (Derivative Thermal Analysis) method for a stepped casting with a thickness of individual steps of 10, 20, 40 and 60 mm. The influence of wall thickness was also taken into account in the cast steel microstructure testing, both in the as-cast state and after solution heat treatment. The phase composition of the cast steel microstructure was determined by using an optical microscope and X-ray phase analysis. The analysis of test results shows that the crystallization of tested cast steel uses the ferritic mechanism, while austenite is formed as a result of solid state transformation. The cast steel under analysis in the as-cast state tends to precipitate the undesirable σ-type Fe-Cr intermetallic phase in the microstructure, regardless of its wall thickness. However, the casting wall thickness in the as-cast state affects the austenite grain size, i.e. the thicker the casting wall, the wider the γ phase grains. The above-mentioned defects of the tested duplex alloy cast steel microstructure can be effectively eliminated by subjecting it to heat treatment of type hyperquenching.

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[13] Wróbel, T., Jurczyk, P., Baron, C. & Jezierski, J. (2023). Search for the optimal soaking temperature for hyperquenching of the GX2CrNiMoCuN 25-6-3-3 duplex cast steel. International Journal of Metalcasting. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40962-023-01020-x. (in print).
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Authors and Affiliations

T. Wróbel

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

P. Jurczyk

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

C. Baron

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

P. Nuckowski

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Silesian University of Technology, Department of Foundry Engineering, Towarowa 7, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Silesian University of Technology, Materials Research Laboratory, Konarskiego 18a, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland

Manufacturing of Composite Castings by the Method of Fused Models Reinforced with Carbon Fibers Based on the Aluminum Matrix

P. Szymański

Archives of Foundry Engineering | 2023 | vol. 23 | No 3 | 118-123 | DOI: 10.24425/afe.2023.146670

Keywords Castings Metal matrix composite (MMC) AlSi matrix Casting by melted models

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Abstract

The paper presents an attempt to produce aluminum matrix composites reinforced with short carbon fibers by precision casting in a chamber with a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure. The composite casting process was preceded by tests related to the preparation of the reinforcement. This is related to the specificity of the precision casting process, in which the mold for shaping the castings is fired at a temperature of 720°C before pouring. Before the mold burns, the reinforcement must be inside, while the carbon fiber decomposes in the atmosphere at 396°C. In the experiment, the reinforcement in the form was secured with flake graphite and quartz sand. The performed firing procedure turned out to be effective. The obtained composite castings were evaluated in terms of the degree of alloy saturation and the displacement of carbon fibers. As a result of the conducted tests, it was found that as a result of unfavorable arrangement of fibers in the CF preform, the flow of metal may be blocked and porosity may appear in the casting.

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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

P. Szymański

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Institute of Materials Technology, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 61-138 Poznań, Poland

On some Upper Cretaceous ammonites from western Uzbekistan

David J. Ward Chris King Noel J. Morris William James Kennedy

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2023 | vol. 73 | No 4 | 613-634 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2023.145619

Keywords Ammonites Upper Cretaceous western Uzbekistan

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Abstract

Upper Cretaceous ammonites are described from six horizons in the mammal-bearing terrigenous-clastic sequences of western Uzbekistan, as follows: Upper Cenomanian, with Placenticeras sp. juv. cf. cumminsi Cragin, 1893 and Metoicoceras geslinianum (d’Orbigny, 1850); Lower Turonian with Tragodesmoceras cf. mauryae Kennedy and Wright, 1981, Placenticeras kharesmense (Lahusen, 1884), Watinoceras coloradoense (Henderson, 1908), Watinoceras amudariense (Arkhangelsky, 1916b), Metasigaloceras rusticum (J. Sowerby, 1823), Morrowites wingi (Morrow, 1935), Sciponoceras cf. bohemicum bohemicum (Fritsch, 1872), and Yezoites amudariensis (Arkhangelsky, 1916b); Middle Turonian with Collignoniceras woollgari woollgari (Mantell, 1822); Upper Turonian with Lewesiceras mantelli (Wright and Wright, 1951) and Placenticeras crassum Ilyin, 2020; a single Placenticeras semiornatum (d’Orbigny, 1850) from around the Coniacian/Santonian boundary, and Santonian Placenticeras polyopsis (Dujardin, 1837).

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Authors and Affiliations

David J. Ward

1 2

Chris King

Noel J. Morris

1 3

William James Kennedy

4

Science Group, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK
Crofton Court, 81 Crofton Lane, Orpington, Kent BR5 1HB, UK
e-mail: niccamore@gmail.com
Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PW, UK, and Department of Earth Sciences, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3AN, UK

Stratigraphic Emmental: High-resolution allostratigraphy reveals multiple intra-formational unconformities in shallow ramp mudstone: Upper Cretaceous, Western Canada Foreland Basin

Elizabeth A. Hooper A. Guy Plint

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2023 | vol. 73 | No 4 | 773-799 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2023.145622

Keywords Allostratigraphy Upper Cretaceous Alberta Foreland Basin Mudstone Tectonics

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Abstract

Marine mudstone of Coniacian age (c. 89.51–86.49 Ma) was deposited on a storm-dominated ramp spanning the foredeep of the Cretaceous Western Canada Foreland Basin. Marine flooding surfaces define 18 allomembers that thin over 300 km, from c. 140 m in the proximal foredeep to c. 20 m close to the forebulge crest. The broadly conformable succession of allomembers is partitioned into five ‘tectono-stratigraphic units’ by low-angle unconformities that bevel off c. 10 to 20 m of strata over ‘arches’ that have a length scale of c. 50–100 km and are bounded by relatively linear zones of flexure. Depositional history involved two alternate modes: ‘Background’ deposition of subtly-tapered allomembers took place on a planar sea floor, subject to regional flexural subsidence, with sea-level modulated by Milankovitch-scale (c. 125 kyr) eustatic cycles. ‘Flexural’ events deformed the strata into troughs and arches across narrow zones of flexure. Arch crests were bevelled off, probably by submarine wave erosion. Eroded sediment did not accumulate in troughs but was advected beyond the study area by storm-driven processes. Cycles of deposition, warping and erosion were repeated five times on an average timescale of 600 kyr. Arches and troughs do not coincide with Precambrian basement structures, and their origin remains enigmatic. Changes in in-plane stress may have effected the localized vertical motion.

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Authors and Affiliations

Elizabeth A. Hooper

1 2

A. Guy Plint

1

Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
Present address: WSP E&I Canada Limited, 3450 Harvester Road, Suite 100, Burlington, Ontario, L7N3W5, Canada

The ammonite genera Dipoloceras, Diplasioceras, Euspectroceras, and Rhytidoceras from the Upper Albian of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

William James Kennedy Herbert Christian Klinger

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2023 | vol. 73 | No 4 | 505-548 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2022.143592

Keywords Lower Cretaceous Albian Ammonites KwaZulu-Natal South Africa

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Abstract

The lower Upper Albian ammonite genus Dipoloceras Hyatt, 1900 (subfamily Mojsisovicsiinae Hyatt, 1903) is represented in KwaZulu-Natal by the type species, D. cristatum (Brongniart, 1822), marker species for the base of the Upper Albian Substage. Rhytidoceras van Hoepen, 1931 (of which Drepanoceras van Hoepen, 1931, non Stein 1878 and Ricnoceras van Hoepen, 1941, are synonyms), previously regarded as subgenera of Dipoloceras, are afforded generic status as are its supposed synonyms Diplasioceras van Hoepen, 1946a, and Euspectroceras van Hoepen, 1946a. The type species of these genera are revised, and assigned to the subfamily Pervinquierinae Spath, 1926.

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Authors and Affiliations

William James Kennedy

1

Herbert Christian Klinger

2

Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PW, UK and Department of Earth Sciences, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3AN, UK
Natural History Collections Department, Iziko South African Museum, P.O. Box 61, Cape Town, 8000 South Africa

Microcrinoids (Roveacrinidae) from the middle–upper Cenomanian Grey Chalk Subgroup, Dover (Kent, United Kingdom): biostratigraphy and re-evaluation of cup structure in roveacrinids

Andrew Scott Gale

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2023 | vol. 73 | No 4 | 685-705 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2022.143598

Keywords Cenomanian Chalk UK Microcrinoids

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Abstract

New material of Roveacrinidae from the middle–upper Cenomanian Grey Chalk Group of the Kent coast (Folkestone-Dover) is described. The fauna includes 10 taxa, including a new genus and species ( Dubrisicrinus minutus) and three new species ( Styracocrinus shakespearensis, Roveacrinus aboudaensis and Dentatocrinus serratus). The biostratigraphical significance of roveacrinid faunas is placed in a global context, and it is demonstrated that the roveacrinid zone CeR5, previously recorded only from Morocco, is approximately equivalent to the upper middle Cenomanian Acanthoceras jukesbrownei ammonite Zone, and zone CeR6 – to the Calycoceras guerangeri ammonite Zone. The new material also provides novel information on the cup structure of roveacrinids, which is reviewed and placed in a phylogenetic context.

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Authors and Affiliations

Andrew Scott Gale

1

School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Burnaby Building, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO1 3QL, United Kingdom

Review of the Cretaceous dinosaurs from India and their paleobiogeographic significance

Ashu Khosla Spencer G. Lucas

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2023 | vol. 73 | No 4 | 707-740 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2023.145623

Keywords Cenomanian–Turonian Cretaceous dinosaurs India paleobiogeography

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Abstract

The Indian Mesozoic dinosaur record is famous for documenting significant aspects of dinosaur evolution during the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. The Cenomanian–Turonian Nimar Sandstone, Lower Narmada valley, has produced fragmentary skeletal remains of Sauropoda indet. The Maastrichtian Lameta Formation has yielded at least 6 valid sauropod taxa and indeterminate titanosaurid remains, and at least 11 named (but likely oversplit) theropod taxa, i.e., 3 smaller-bodied species and 8 medium-to-large sized theropods. Apart from skeletal remains, Infra- and Intertrappean beds of peninsular India have yielded more than 10,000 dinosaur eggs belonging to 5 oofamilies and 15 oospecies. Most of the Indian ootaxa show distinct affinities with the Late Cretaceous ootaxa of four other continental areas – Spain, France, Argentina and Morocco. The presence of the two dominant oofamilies, Fusioolithidae and Megaloolithidae, in the Infra- and Intertrappean localities of peninsular India and three different continents (South America, Europe and Africa) further shows an ancient Gondwanan affinity and basic terrestrial association among these three landmasses. Based on the phylogenetic analysis of skeletal material, the most plausible pathway of dinosaur dispersal between India and Madagascar took place during the Late Cretaceous. The other conceivable dispersal pathway for the small animals was between India and Asia by means of the Kohistan Dras Volcanic Arc or a northeast pathway through Somalia, while the very large vertebrates, like theropod dinosaurs, may have emerged as a component of a ‘Pan Gondwanan’ model.

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Authors and Affiliations

Ashu Khosla

1

Spencer G. Lucas

2

Department of Geology, Panjab University, Sector-14, Chandigarh-160014, India
New Mexico Museum of Natural History, 1801 Mountain Rd. NW, Albuquerque, NM 87104, USA

Stratigraphically significant, sporadic Early Cretaceous ammonites in Butkov Quarry (Central Western Carpathians, Slovakia)

Zdeněk Vašíček

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2023 | vol. 73 | No 4 | 587-612 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2023.145625

Keywords Early Cretaceous Ammonites taxonomy stratigraphy Manín Nappe Carpathians

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Abstract

Butkov Quarry provides the best exposed stratigraphic sequence of marly limestones with Early Cretaceous ammonites in the Manín Nappe of the Central Western Carpathians. The presented paper deals with the sporadically occurring zonal ammonites, or ammonites of guiding character, from the Lower Valanginian to Upper Hauterivian. Sixteen species are taxonomically elaborated here in detail. More attention is given to the basic taxonomy of the Subfamily Crioceratitinae Gill, 1871. The species described here, like most of the previously published species from Butkov Quarry, are representatives of the Mediterranean bioprovince and are close to the ammonite association from the Vocontian Basin.

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Authors and Affiliations

Zdeněk Vašíček

1

Institute of Geonics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Studentská 1768, CZ-70800 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic

The ammonite subgenus Pervinquieria ( Deiradoceras) van Hoepen, 1931 from the Upper Albian of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Part I

William James Kennedy Herbert Christian Klinger

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2023 | vol. 73 | No 4 | 549-569 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2022.143594

Keywords Lower Cretaceous Albian Ammonites KwaZulu-Natal South Africa

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Abstract

The cosmopolitan Late Albian ammonite subgenus Pervinquieria ( Deiradoceras) van Hoepen, 1931, and its synonyms Cechenoceras van Hoepen, 1941 and Mimeloceras van Hoepen, 1944, originally based on material from northern KwaZulu-Natal, are reviewed. The type material of the type species, Subschloenbachia prerostrata Spath, 1921, is revised and reillustrated, as are its numerous synonyms.

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Authors and Affiliations

William James Kennedy

1

Herbert Christian Klinger

2

Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PW, UK and Department of Earth Sciences, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3AN, UK
Natural History Collections Department, Iziko South African Museum, P.O. Box 61, Cape Town, 8000 South Africa

The ammonite subgenus Pervinqueiria ( Deiradoceras) van Hoepen, 1931 from the Upper Albian of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Part II

William James Kennedy Herbert Christian Klinger

Acta Geologica Polonica | 2023 | vol. 73 | No 4 | 571-586 | DOI: 10.24425/agp.2022.143596

Keywords Lower Cretaceous Albian Ammonites KwaZulu-Natal South Africa

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Abstract

In this contribution we complete the revision of species we refer to Pervinquieria ( Deiradoceras) van Hoepen, 1931, focusing on those assigned by him to his genera Cechenoceras and Mimeloceras.

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Authors and Affiliations

William James Kennedy

1

Herbert Christian Klinger

2

Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PW, UK and Department of Earth Sciences, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3AN, UK
Natural History Collections Department, Iziko South African Museum, P.O. Box 61, Cape Town, 8000 South Africa

Forecasting the course of construction project management in conditions of uncertainty

Jarosław Konior

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 3 | 557 –572 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.146097

Keywords construction project management cost fuzziness time randomness risk uncertainty

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Abstract

The methodology and research results presented in the article indicate the practical possibility of conducting optimization of construction project management course. The goal of the achievement leads to the rationalization of the management of investment tasks, in which there are a series of uncertain parameterized events. The goal was achieved through many years of the author’s own research, which was personally carried out on several hundred construction projects according to original methodology for assessing and forecasting the characteristic parameters of construction investments (cost and time) in conditions of uncertainty: from determinism, through probability and randomness, to fuzziness. The presented and documented achievement stands for accomplishment in project management of construction projects, where decision-making with an increasing degree of uncertainty takes place and requires the course of investment tasks that will be implemented in the future to be forecasted. In the conducted research and conclusions it was proven that construction processes should be considered as phenomena with random events and various degrees of uncertainty, to which methodology with developed modelling parameters should be used.

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Authors and Affiliations

Jarosław Konior

1

Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, 27 Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego st., 50-370 Wrocław, Poland

A study on the deflection and crack layout in a hollow slab bridge

Songtao Wang Dawei Wang

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 3 | 541 –555 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.146096

Keywords bridge engineering hollow slab beam bond-slip crack spacing reinforcement stress

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Abstract

This paper conducts research based on the hollow slab members in the reconstruction and expansion project of expressways, two types of numerical finite element models with and without considering bond-slip relationship of reinforcement and concrete are established, and verified by tests. The distribution characteristics of crack spacing in reinforced concrete beams are studied. The results show that the bond-slip characteristics of reinforced concrete have little effect on the load-deflection characteristics of 8m hollow slab beam. Due to the influence of the bond-slip relationship of reinforced concrete, the load-deflection curve is partially serrated, while without considering the bond-slip relationship of reinforced concrete, the load-deflection curve is smooth. In the numerical model without considering the bond-slip characteristics, almost all damage occurs in the longitudinal direction, and the distribution characteristics of cracks can’t be accurately determined. Regardless of whether the bond-slip is considered or not, the macroscopic characteristics of the stress distribution is: smaller near the support and larger at the mid-span. As secondary flexural cracks expand, models with and without consideration of bond-slip characteristics can’t calculate crack spacing based on the stress distribution characteristics of the reinforcement.

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Authors and Affiliations

Songtao Wang

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Dawei Wang

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Shandong High-speed Group Co., Ltd., No.0, Longding Road, Jinan, China
Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center of Shandong University, 17923 Jingshi Road, Jinan, China

Mechanical properties of CFST short columns with different void ratios

Junxi Song Zhuowei Han Dawei Wang Xiaorui Lu

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 3 | 587–596 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.146099

Keywords concrete-filled steel tubes eccentric compression finite element analysis echanical behavior void ratio

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Abstract

In order to study the mechanical behavior of concrete-filled steel tube(CFST) short column with different void ratios under a certain eccentricity. A fiber model of concrete-filled steel tube section with different void heights was established. Compared with existing model test data, the axial force and flexural moment strength models of concrete-filled steel tube columns with different void ratios were established. The results show that, in the case of different void ratios, the cross-section strength envelope shows an overall contraction tendency with the increase of void ratio, and each line is basically parallel. A model for calculating the coefficient of axial load degradation was established. The Han’s flexural moment strength model of the flexural component was revised, and the strength model of concrete-filled steel tube column under eccentric compression considering void ratio was established, which provides a theoretical basis and method for the safety assessment during the operation of concrete-filled steel tube arch bridges.

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Authors and Affiliations

Junxi Song

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Zhuowei Han

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Dawei Wang

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Xiaorui Lu

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

CCCC Fourth Highway Engineering Co.Ltd, Beijing 100176, China
Geotechnical and Structural Engineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China

Modeling the effect of electric vehicles on noise levels in the vicinity of rural road sections

Maciej Hałucha Janusz Bohatkiewicz Piotr Mioduszewski

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 3 | 573 –586 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.146098

Keywords electric vehicles noise traffic noise modeling environmental acoustic calculation

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Abstract

Numerous European countries experience a steady increase in the share of electric (EV) and hybrid electric (HEV) vehicles in the traffic stream. These vehicles, often referred to as low- or zero-emission vehicles, significantly reduce air pollution in the road environment. They also have a positive effect on noise levels in city centers and in the surroundings of low-speed roads. Nevertheless, issues related to modeling noise from electric and hybrid vehicles in the outdoor environment are still not fully explored, especially in the rural road settings. The article attempts to assess the degree of noise reduction around these roads based on different percentages of EVs in the traffic stream. Input data for noise modeling was obtained from 133 sections of homogeneous rural roads in Poland. Based on their analysis, it was first determined on how many of these road sections electric-vehicle-induced noise reduction would be possible, taking into account the traffic speeds occurring on them. Next, a computational algorithm that can be used to calculate noise reduction in the CNOSSOS-EU model is presented, and noise modeling is performed based on it for different percentages of electric vehicles in the traffic stream.

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Authors and Affiliations

Maciej Hałucha

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Janusz Bohatkiewicz

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Piotr Mioduszewski

3

e-mail:

ORCID:

EKKOM Sp. z o.o., ul. dr Józefa Babinskiego 71B, 30-394 Cracow, Poland
Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland
Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Ship Technology, ul. Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland

Flexural performance of hybrid fiber reinforced cement-based materials incorporating ceramic wastes

Lipeng Wu Xuanhao Li Hai Deng

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 3 | 491 –506 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.146093

Keywords cement-based materials ceramic wastes Mechanical performance PVA fiber steel fiber

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Abstract

Ceramic waste generated by demolition and manufacturing processes is a kind of widely discharged solid waste; its sustainable use can reduce resource extraction, energy consumption, and carbon emissions, thereby reducing the environmental impact. In this study, ceramic powder and ceramic sand were prepared using waste ceramic wall tiles. By using three water-to-binder ratios of 0.30, 0.32, and 0.34, five ceramic powder replacement rates of 10% to 50%, and completely using ceramic sand as the fine aggregate, specimens with large differences in mechanical properties were prepared. Firstly, the compressive strength was investigated. On this basis, hybrid fibers were employed to strengthen the new matrix material, and its bending resistance was experimentally studied. It was found that the incorporation of ceramic powder reduced the compressive strength of the matrix. The water-binder ratio significantly affects compressive strength at an early age. The effect of PVA fiber on improving the ductility of the new composite is distinct. Increasing the amount of steel fiber can effectively enhance the bending bearing capacity.With a ceramic powder dosage of 50%, the new composite has shown ductile failure characteristics, even with low total fiber content. The bending properties of this new composite material, which makes extensive use of ceramic waste, are well adjustable. The bearing capacity and ductility balance can be achieved with the steel fiber content of 1% and the PVA fiber content of 1.2% to 1.50%.

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Authors and Affiliations

Lipeng Wu

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Xuanhao Li

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Hai Deng

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, School of Civil Engineering, 17 Northeast Second Inner Ring, Changan District, Shijiazhuang City, China

Identification of constraints for an effective application of construction waste management plan in Poland

Oluwasegun Emmanuel Vsevolod Nikolaiev Marcin Gajzler

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 3 | 475 –489 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.146092

Keywords constraints construction and demolition waste European Union recycling reuse sitewaste management plan waste management

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Abstract

The aim of this study is to identify the constraints that affect the effective usage of the site waste management plan (SWMP). A substantial review of the literature was carried out to identify the constraining factors that affect the site waste management plan tool. Questionnaires were administered based on a five-point Likert scale and the data were assessed and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 28. The outcome showed that the knowledge of the SWMP is still very low in the Polish construction sector. Only 6% have a written SWMP while 16% have used this tool in their previous project. Hence, the need for the increased awareness of the SWMP as one of the waste management strategies. The lack of adequate monitoring and control of the SWMP, lack of awareness, time required for the preparation of the tool were identified as the top constraints. The solutions identified include; increased level of awareness and education, the inclusion of the SWMPas part of the contract documentation requirement, adequate training of the site personnel, and presence of waste manager.

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Authors and Affiliations

Oluwasegun Emmanuel

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Vsevolod Nikolaiev

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Marcin Gajzler

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, Wybrzeze Wyspianskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Poznan University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Transport, ul. Piotrowo 5, 60-965 Poznan, Poland

The use of a laser diffractometer to analyse the particle size distribution of selected organic soils

Grzegorz Straż

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 3 | 521 –539 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.146095

Keywords laser diffraction particle size distribution organic soils soft soils

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Abstract

This paper deals with the problem of determining the particle size distribution of selected organic soils from the vicinity of Rzeszów (Poland), using a laser diffractometer method, the knowledge of which will allow to determine the degree of differentiation or similarity of the tested organic soils in this aspect. The HELOS Laser Diffractometer manufactured by Sympatec GmbH was used for the tests. For proper analysis, the researches results in the form of graphs were grouped according to the content of organic substances in accordance with the standard classification. The conducted research was primarily aimed at presenting the grain differentiation and particle size distribution in terms of the applied method and comparing the test results of samples of selected, different organic soils, prepared using the same dispersion procedure and carried out in exactly the same test conditions, generated using capabilities of a diffractometer. Summing up, the laser diffractometer method presented in the article, although not fully verified in the case of organic soils, seems to be a the perspective method with capabilities allowing it to be nominated as an exceptionally useful method for the investigations of soft soils, including organic soils.

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Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Straż

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Rzeszow University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Architecture Civil Engineering, al. Powstanców Warszawy 12, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland

Buckling resistance of metal columns with smoothly variable cross sections

Paweł Błażejewski Tomasz Klekiel Sebastian Kołodziej Jakub Marcinowski Volodymyr Sakharov

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 3 | 613-628 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.146101

Keywords metal columns variable cross section buckling resistance Ayrton–Perry approach numerical simulations experimental tests

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Abstract

Metal columns of hollow and smoothly variable cross-sections, simply supported at their ends are considered in the paper. Columns of such shapes are recently frequently designed by architects in public utility buildings of various types. In thiswork authors present the comparatively simple method of buckling resistance assessment which can be used by designers of metal columns of such shapes. The formula on critical force required in the procedure was derived for columns of variable cross section by means of Mathematica™system. The closed formulae were obtained for a rod with a certain, predefined geometry being the surface of revolution. Critical forces obtained by means of derived formulae were compared with results of numerical solutions. To assess the compression resistance of considered rods the general Ayrton–Perry approach was applied and bow imperfection with assumed amplitude was used in the analysis. Results of numerical simulations and experimental tests inserted in the paper confirm the correctness and the effectiveness of the proposed procedure of buckling resistance assessment of considered struts.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Błażejewski

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Tomasz Klekiel

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Sebastian Kołodziej

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Jakub Marcinowski

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Volodymyr Sakharov

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

University of Zielona Góra, Poland, Institute of Civil Engineering, Szafrana 1, 65-516 Zielona Gora, Poland
University of Zielona Góra, Poland, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Prof. Z. Szafrana 4, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland

Assessment of the impact of the number of girders on the dynamic behaviour of Geiger dome

Paulina Obara Maryna Solovei

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 3 | 597 –611 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.146100

Keywords Geiger dome infinitesimal mechanism self-stress state natural frequency

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Abstract

In this paper, the dynamic behaviour of the tensegrity domes is explored. The consideration includes all cable structures called Geiger domes, i.e., two cases of configurations (with a closed and open upper section) and two variants of the nature of a dome (regular and modified) are taken into account. Particularly, the impact of the number of girders on the natural frequencies is analysed. A geometrically quasi-linear model is used, implemented in an original program written in the Mathematica environment. The results confirmthat the number of girders affects the number of infinitesimal mechanisms. However, the dynamic behaviour does not depend on the number of mechanisms. The most important is the nature of a dome and the type of load-bearing girder. Especially, the behaviour of Geiger domes with a closed upper section is specific. In this case, not only the frequencies corresponding to the infinitesimal mechanisms depend on the prestress. There are additional frequencies that depend on prestress. The number of them, and the sensitivity on the initial prestress changes, depends on the number of girders. Generally, for the same number of girders, the natural frequencies of regular domes are higher than for the modified ones.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paulina Obara

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Maryna Solovei

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Kielce University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Al. Tysiaclecia Panstwa Polskiego 7, 25-314 Kielce, Poland

Analysis of the seismic performances of structures reinforced by self-centering buckling-restrained braces

Yongxu Jin Man Xu Jie Jia

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 3 | 645-663 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.146103

Keywords super-high raise building self-centering buckling-restrained brace outrigger truss energy dissipation

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Abstract

The self-centering buckling-restrained brace (SC-BRB) may achieve self-restoration for structures and, to a certain degree, diminish the substantial seismic residual deformation following rare earthquakes when compared to the usage of the conventional buckling-restrained brace (BRB). It may be possible to reduce the abrupt change in stiffness at the location of the strengthened stories and make the outrigger better at dissipating energy by improving the design of the energy-dissipation outrigger. This study compares the seismic performances of two types of energy-dissipation outriggers with BRB and SC-BRB web member designs during rare earthquakes so that the changes can be measured. The results show that using the SC-BRB web member design reduces the maximum inter-story drift ratio by an average of 7.68% and increases the average plastic-energy dissipation of the outrigger truss by 8.75%. The evaluation results showthat the SC-BRB outrigger truss structure has better structural regularity and energy-dissipation performance. It has the ability to efficiently regulate the structural seismic response and lessen primary-structure damage.

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Authors and Affiliations

Yongxu Jin

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Man Xu

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Jie Jia

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

College of Civil Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Influence of the support conditions on dynamic response of tensegrity grids built with Quartex modules

Paulina Obara Justyna Tomasik

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 3 | 629-644 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.146102

Keywords infinitesimal mechanism frequency Quartex module self-stress state tensegrity grids

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Abstract

The aim of this study is to prove that the dynamic behavior of tensegrity grids can be controlled. This possibility is very important, especially for deployable structures. The impact the support conditions of the structure on the existence of the immanent characteristics, such as self-stress states and infinitesimal mechanisms, and consequently on the dynamic control, is analyzed. Grids built with the modified Quartex modules are considered. A geometrically non-linear model is used, implemented in an original program written in the Mathematica environment. The results confirm the feasibility of controlling tensegrity structures characterized by the presence of the infinitesimal mechanisms. In the case that the mechanisms do not exist, structures are insensitive to the change of the initial prestress level. The occurrence of mechanisms can be controlled by changing the support conditions of the structure. The obtained results make tensegrity a very promising structural concept, applicable in many areas when conventional solutions are insufficient.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paulina Obara

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Justyna Tomasik

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Kielce University of Technology, al. Tysiaclecia Panstwa Polskiego 7, 25-314 Kielce, Poland

The use of natural fibers in stone mastic asphalt mixtures: a review of the literature

Israa AlSaadi Sady A. Tayh Abbas F. Jasim Rana Yousif

Archives of Civil Engineering | 2023 | vol. 69 | No 3 | 347 –370 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2023.146085

Keywords cellulose fibers mechanical properties natural fibers optimum fiber content Stone MasticAsphalt waste fibers

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Abstract

All over the world, highway traffic is increasing rapidly, as is the population and the road network. The country’s maximum and minimum temperatures also vary greatly. Moreover, the pavements are subjected to various types of damage. Pavement binders and mixtures are a constant area of research and development for scientists and engineers. Adding fibers to bituminous mixes may improve the properties of fatigue and strength of the material. Natural fibers may be used to improve asphalt mixtures performance due to their inherent compatibility with asphalt cement and excellent mechanical properties. Also, the high stone content and relatively high asphalt content in SMA mixture led to the occurrence of drain-down of the asphalt mastic from the mixture, and this problem requires the use of stabilizing additives such as cellulose fibers, mineral fibers, or polymers to mitigate this problem and ensure long-term performance. The most public sort of stabilizing additives is cellulose fiber. Overall, natural fibers in stone mastic asphalt mixes are discussed in this paper. An additional focus is on how asphalt concrete will be affected by natural fibers, mixing techniques, and managerial decisions. According to the review, the stabilizing and strengthening impact of natural fibers on the performance of asphalt mixes have been extensively researched. Natural fibers can significantly increase the rut and flow resistance of asphalt mixtures. Adding natural fibers to pavement can increase structural resistance to pavement distress.

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Authors and Affiliations

Israa AlSaadi

1

e-mail:

ORCID:

Sady A. Tayh

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Abbas F. Jasim

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

Rana Yousif

2

e-mail:

ORCID:

University of Baghdad, Department of Construction and Projects, Baghdad
University, College of Engineering, Highways, and Transportation Engineering Department, Baghdad, Iraq

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