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Number of results: 14
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Abstract

In the paper the results on self-purification of mine waters contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have been presented. Samples of waters from the .Zicrnowit" coal mine have been used. Concentrations of PAHs in the deposits and supernatant waters after selected specific periods of time were evaluated. The quantitative and qualitative analyses of 16 selected PAHs (as recommended by the USEPA) were carried out, as well as investigations on the PAH concentration changes versus time in deposits and supernatant waters. Extension of the sedimentation time resulted in increased concentrations of carcinogenic PAHs in deposits. The observed PAHs concentrations in deposits were high and comparable with these found usually in sewage sludge. Outing the whole sedimentation process sorption of compounds which are easily bounded on suspension (with log kow > 7) took place, which led do the decrease of PAH concentration in supernatant waters. 'The accumulation of PAHs in deposits and their desorption lo supernatant waters during the sedimentation process were not signi fi cant.
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Authors and Affiliations

Beata Caban-Pabian
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Abstract

From March to November 2000 planctonic Rotifera of the collapse pond Bojszowy - Jedlina were studied. Rich fauna of Rotifera (71 taxons) was recorded. One new for Silesia Region species Erignatha clastopis (Gosse) was found. The qualitative composition of the Rotifera community in that pond differed from other investigated collapse ponds. In spite of high eutrophy domination and constance structure indicated staid character of the Rotifera community in the Bojszowy - Jedlina pond.
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Authors and Affiliations

Irena Bielańska-Grajner
Anna Niesler
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Abstract

The presence of pesticides in natural waters of such countries as: USA, Canada, Russia, Germany, France, Swizcrland and also in the Bailie Sea and North Sea has been proved many times. The following compounds are detected most often and in largest quantities: lindan, DDT, which has not been used for many years now, Simazine, Atrazine, Chlorfenvinphos and Fenitrothion. The presence of pesticides in superficial waters in the Żuławy Wiślane region has been described many limes by Żelechowska and Makowski. Additionally, my own reserch confirmed the presence of phenoxyacetic acid herbicides in superficial waters in the northern-eastern region - in the Supraśl, Białka, Narew and Biebrza rivers. This paper presents the results of the determination of concentrations of phenoxyacetic herbicides and other pollutants in the Supraśl river. The samples were collected over a period of one year, from April 2000 to March 2001.
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Authors and Affiliations

Katarzyna Ignatowicz-Owsieniuk
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Abstract

Soil contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons is a serious problem. In the soil in the location of highways, fuel pumping station and airfields high pollutant concentrations are found. The contents of total hydrocarbons (THC) and 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analysed in the surface (0-20 cm) soil samples from airfields in Dęblin Marked differences in the pollution level of the above areas were noted. The PAH contents ranged from 113 to 5638 μg/kg and THC contents range from 40 to 430 mg/kg. The analysis was carried out by reverse phase HPLC (PAHs) and SOXTEC apparatus according to Polish norm PN-86/C-04573/01.
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Authors and Affiliations

Stanisław Baran
Patryk Oleszczuk
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Abstract

Badania nad przeżywalnością bakterii w wodzie prowadzono na szczepach: Escherichia coli K 12 J62- l oraz Escherichia coli KI 2 J62- l RI otrzymanych od cir P.J. McDermott' a z Uniwersytetu w Staffordshire. W wodzie pobranej z 2 punktów zbiornika Dzierżno Duże: filtrowanej (0,5 um - Syn por), sterylizowanej oraz po wprowadzeniu dodatkowego substratu odżywczego - glukozy, porównano przeżywalność plazmidowego i bezplazmidowego szczepu £. Coli. Wykazano, że liczba komórek bakteryjnych wprowadzonych do wody obniża się z różną szybkością zależnie od obecności czynników biotycznych. Obserwowano znaczący spadek liczebności bakterii w próbkach wody sączonej (92% i 46% w 3 dniu doświadczenia). Jest to prawdopodobnie wynikiem obecności w wodzie bakteriofagów charakterystycznych dla Ee coli Kl 2, których obecność, specyficzną zarówno dla szczepu plazmidowego jak i bezplazmidowego stwierdzono w użytej do badań wodzie. W próbkach wody sterylnej, pozbawionej flory autochtonicznej, obserwowano powolny, niewielki spadek liczebności od 7 do 21 dnia. W zastosowanym układzie doświadczenia nie stwierdzono istotnego polepszenia przeżywalności w obecności plazmidu. a niekiedy lepiej przeżywał szczep bezplazmidowy. Wprowadzenie glukozy spowodowało, że mimo obciążenia metabolicznego jakim jest plazmid dla komórki, przeżywalność obydwu szczepów była zbliżona.
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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksandra Nadgórska
Aleksandra Smylła
Maciej Kostecki
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Abstract

Water supply of Riga City uses water from the river Daugava, lakes Baltezers as well as deep well groundwater as drinking water. Due to chlorination of drinking water before use, inhabitants health may be at risk due to trihalornethanes and some organic pollutants. The objective of this study was to determine the level of pollution of drinking water and possible health risk. Pollutants were determined with previous solid phase microextraction (on fibre coated with polidirnethylsilox ane) or pentane extraction of chemical substances by use of gas chromatography and for benzo(a)pyrene by spectrofluorimetry The summary concentration of thrihalornethanes (bromoform, chloroform, bromodichlorornethane, dibromochloromethane) ranged from 3.4 ug/drn' to 304.4 etg/dm3 (maximum allowable concentration - MAC 100 μg/dm-' according to water standards in Latvia), summary lrichloroethene and tetrachloroethene occurred in the concentration from I .O ug/drn' to 13.4 ug/dm' (MAC = I O ug/drri') The level of aromatic hydrocarbons benzene and toluene was below 0.2 ug/drrr' (MAC = I μg/dm'). The concentration of benzo(a)pyrenc was below 0.002 ug/drrr' (MAC= O.Ol ug/drrr'). Fluctuations of concentration were found to depend on the season and place of sampling. The results confirmed an occurrence of risk due lo the impact of trihalomethanes to health. Therefore, water ozonation has been planed to replace chlorination with ozonation in Riga City.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marite Bake
Silvija Pastare
Una Zilbere
lnese Pastare
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Abstract

The theoretical dependence between flocculated suspension settling time and mass floe size has been presented. The good agreement with the experimental relation between settling time of 80% of suspension and mass median floe size was showed, which indicates the possibility of developing a new method for clarification efficiency estimation.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bernard Połednik
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Abstract

Toxic influence of two new imidazolium chlorides was examined on plants: dicotyledonous Sinapis alba Linnaeus and monocotyledonous Horde11111 vulgare Linnaeus. These compounds are meant to be new wood preservatives because of their excellent fungicidal properties. They were proved Io be less toxic 10 barley than 10 charlock. The compound 3,3'-[(2,7-dioxyoktymethylene) bis (1-oktyl)imidazolium] chloride was less fitotoxic 10 both plants than l-decyl-3-hexylotiomethylimidazolium chloride.
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Authors and Affiliations

Elżbieta Grabińska-Sota
Danuta Witecy
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Abstract

The paper presents the result of hydrogeological studies of Lublin Coal Basin (LCB), particularly at Jurassic level. It is arranged in several parts: I) stratigraphy, tectonics and lithology of Jurassic system at LCB territory, 2) groundwater dynamics, 3) chemical composition of waters, 4) hyclrogeochemical stability conditions. The paper also suggests a few main directions of using the Jurassic waters in prophylaxis and therapy of many diseases. The waters, containing considerably elevated quantities of fluorine compounds come from Jurassic formation lying at the considerable depth. Coal mine joins them with saline Carboniferous waters. After pretreatment, they are discharged to the surface ancl to the river. Jurassic waters belong to the group of low mineralised waters. They contain 6-1 I mg F/dm3 fluorides. Thus they can be usefu I in prophylactics of teeth ancl paradental illnesses, particularly in risk groups. Thanks to, fluorides contained in these waters they can be used during and after treatment and to support surgical operations or rehabilitation effects.
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Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Ciosmak
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Abstract

Elevated content or heavy metals in soils is characteristic of the Dąbrowa Górnicza region. The highest concentrations of lead. cadmium and zinc exceed herc 650, 15, and 1000 mg/kg of soil, respectively. Samples of soi I from selected sites underwent the speciation analysis with the use of the Tessier method. modified according to Kersten and Forstner. Results of the investigations proved the highest concentrations or these metals in the area of Trzebiesławice. They occur here in the strongly bound forms and, mainly, their occurrence is related to presence of limestone rocks. The greatest amounts of these metals in easily assimilable to plant forms occur within the area of the town of Dąbrowa Górnicza. The most probable source ot· most of these heavy metals in soils are here contaminants emitted by the industry, mainly by the metallurgy. In the vicinity of the town of Błędów, mainly sandy soils occur, characteristic or which is low content of considered metals. Weak sorption capacities of these soils account for relatively good cxtractability of the three metals. In soils from the Lęka area, strong binding of these metals was confirmed. Occurrence or cadmium should be of special attention because this metal occurs as built in the crystal lattice of minerals.
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Authors and Affiliations

Bronisław Wyżgolik
Stanislaw Karweta
Ewa Surowiec
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Abstract

Disinfection of drinking water is usually carried out by chlorination process. This is a well known, effective technology, which has many advantages. however during this process dangerous for health byproducts, such as trihalornethanes as well as chlorate, chlorite and bromale arc formed. Another disinfection process. which has emerged as the most promising alternative to chlorination technique, is ozonation. In spite of undeniable advantages. there are certain undefined hazards resulting from this method of water treatment. It is especially due to formation of carcinogen bromale anions in bromide containing waters. Determination of bromale as well as other inorganic oxyhalides is usually carried out by ion chromatography with conductivity detection. The detection sensitivity can be improved by using alternative hyphenated techniques such as IC-ICPMS or IS-MS-MS. These techniques are very sensitive, but are highly sophisticated and the instrumentation is very expensive. "Post-column reactions". i.e. derivative techniques coupled with ion chromatography are a relatively cheap and good alternative. This paper is a review or the newest achievements in analytical techniques used for determination of inorganic oxyhalides by-products formed during various drinking water disinfection processes.
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Authors and Affiliations

Rajmund Michalski
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

The research was carried out on two different industrial wastes deposited on the premises of a chemical plant: used graphite electrode after electrolysis of brine applying the mercury-cathode method and coal catalyst past the usage period after the synthesis of vinyl chloride. The need for utilization of the waste necessitated development of a fast and reliable procedure for mercury determination. We have found procedures for mineralization of coal samples and determination of small concentrations of mercury by the cold vapour of atomic absorption spectrometry (CV AAS) in the available literature. Six procedures for passing mercury from the examined waste into solutions were tested, and mercury was assayed using the titration method of Wickbold and CV AAS. The results were evaluated statistically. It has been found that four ways to mineralize the examined industrial waste samples can be used.
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Authors and Affiliations

Jerzy Ciba
Joanna Kluczka
Maria Zolotajkin

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