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Abstract

Layers of silver particles are used in the studies on pathophysiology and treatment of diseases, both in pre-clinical and clinical conditions. Silver layers can be formed using different techniques and on different substrates. Deposition by magnetron sputtering on glass beads was used in this study. Silver absorption by the body was estimated by calculating the difference in thickness of the silver nanolayer deposited on a bead and measured before and after application of the bead in an animal model of gastrointestinal inflammation. Recommendations for the minimal thickness of silver nanolayer deposited on glass beads were worked out for further studies.

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Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Siczek
Wojciech Pawlak
Hubert Zatorski
Jakub Fichna
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Abstract

Serious damage to the inner rim of the rear twin wheel in one dump truck was noted during the operation of the fleet performing transport tasks. It was a drive wheel, and its damage occurred while driving with a load exceeding the permissible value. The examination of selected fragments of the damaged rim surface was conducted visually as well as using a digital microscope with a portable head. The measurements of the Vickers hardness and microscopic observations of the material structure of the sample cut along the thickness of the rim disk were carried out. The drive torque loading of the twin wheels of the tipper-truck rear axle, under their mating with different kinds of road roughness and under various vertical loads of the wheels was calculated. An analysis of stress distributions in the rim modelled using the Finite Element Method was also conducted for several possible scenarios of wheel loading. The damage to the rim was caused by simultaneous action of several factors, such as overloading the car, poor condition of the tires, loading the drive wheel by a part of the vehicle weight and the driving torque, and hitting a wheel on a cavity in a dirt road, causing a temporary relief of one of the tires on a twin wheel.
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Authors and Affiliations

Przemyslaw Kubiak
1 2
Marek Wozniak
3
Sergiusz Zakrzewski
3
Krzysztof Siczek
3
Adam Rylski
3
Adam Mrowicki
1
Jan Matej
1
Jakub Deda
1
Lech Knap
1

  1. Faculty of Automotive and Construction Machinery Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, Narbutta Str. 84, 02-524 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Ecotechnology Team, Lodz University of Technology, Piotrkowska 266, 90-924 Lodz, Poland
  3. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 1/15, 90-537 Lodz, Poland

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