In the assembly industry, almost all components are outsourced or transferred to other

parties, in order to meet the need for supply. This is referred as outsourcing of production.

The outsourcing of assembly product components is based on a relationship model

between the contractor and the industry. However, there is no relationship or communication

pattern between the contractor or supplier and the assembler. Hence, in order to

accelerate line production and overcome problems with assembly components, the communication

path is shortened by providing a direct communication channel between the

assembler and the supplier or contractor, in order to communicate any problems that arise

during the assembly process by internal communication within the industry. The purpose

of this study is the design and development of a web-based software application electronic

data interchange (EDI) that can be used as a tool for communication between the assembler

and supplier. The EDI application provides formal communication between the assembly

industry and the contractor providing the components or parts needed in the assembly process.

The main purpose of using EDI technology is to help the assembler to communicate

the relevant documents to suppliers quickly, accurately and efficiently. The documents to

be communicated are in the form of reports or claims, and are related to non-conformities,

errors and component difficulties arising during the assembly process. This research novelty

is providing direct communication between assembly and supplier by using EDI application

that can give contribution in manufacturing area so it can accelerate the line production in

assembly.

In the present dynamic environment, manufacture are required to reduce product development

cycle time and enhance product quality. To meet such challenges many business

are developing closer relationships with their business partner through application of interorganisational

system. Electronic data interchange (EDI) providing a structured form of

communication and has become very popular vehicle for electronic communication. Since

the EDI concept was popularised in 1990, there is a growing recognition by practitioners

and academics. The aim of this study is to perform an analysis of EDI research, give the

current discussion regarding the trends and note the suggestions for the future directions

of EDI research in the manufacture. In this paper, we provide a wide coverage of excessively

citations on EDI from 1990 to 2017 from good references in this area. The papers are

classified into EDI implementation strategy, EDI adoption, EDI integration, EDI in supply

chain and EDI in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The study results of this literature

review are expected to assist development of EDI research especially the implementation of

EDI on production outsourcing as one of supply chain activities.

According to many experts, the water crisis will be one of the most important challenges in the coming years on the planet. Watershed management is one of the most effective ways to conserve rainwater and develop water resources. The purpose of the study was to obtain a model of critical land management in the Welang watershed area. This study uses a dynamic systems approach based on a causal philosophy (cause and effect) through a deep understanding of how a system works. The parameters used are based on sustainable agriculture in terms of physical sustainability aspects/critical land from erosion factor indicators. Model validation is done by comparing the behaviour of the model with a natural system (quantitive behaviour pattern comparison), namely the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) Middle-Value Test. Modelling is supported by Powersim Studio Express Software ver. 10. The results show that the physical sustainability model/critical land using a simulation scenario of 25% erosion control funds shows a trend of increasing production land area and tackled land area followed by a decrease in annual erosion weight. The economic sustainability model obtained results at the end of the projected year showing farm revenues IDR 63,591,396 (USD1 ≈ IDR14.27 thous. in average in 2021). This means that the higher the acceptance value, the farming can provide economic welfare for farmers.

The copy-move forgery detection (CMFD) begins with the preprocessing until the image is ready to process. Then, the image features are extracted using a feature-transform-based extraction called the scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT). The last step is features matching using Generalized 2 Nearest- Neighbor (G2NN) method with threshold values variation. The problem is what is the optimal threshold value and number of keypoints so that copy-move detection has the highest accuracy. The optimal threshold value and number of keypoints had determined so that the detection has the highest accuracy. The research was carried out on images without noise and with Gaussian noise.