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Abstract

A simple resistance-based method was used to study the epoxy-carbon composite material. Measurement of changes of the resistance between contacts, located on the composite specimens, allows detecting the damage process in quasi-static and fatigue tests. The method can be useful to determine the margin of safety of composite elements.

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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Pyrzanowski
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Abstract

The paper presents the results of experimental investigations into variations of the stress tensor components due to both the interaction between subsurface fatigue crack faces and rolling contact. The load assumed represents real interaction between the railway wheel and rail. The Grating Holographic Interferometry (GHI) method was employed. The results obtained were compared with those resulting from numerical simulations performed using FEM. The results reveal a strong influence exerted by shape, crack thickness distribution and roughness of the crack faces, respectively, on the distribution of displacement and stress tensor component fields. A new concept consisting in application of the effective crack thickness was proposed. The best agreement between experimental and numerical results was achieved in the case when the real crack shape, effective crack thickness and the friction coefficient of 0.3 were assumed.
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Authors and Affiliations

Paweł Pyrzanowski
ORCID: ORCID
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Abstract

3D scanning measurements are gaining popularity every year. Quick inspections on already captured point clouds are easy to prepare with the use of modern software and machine learning. To achieve repeatability and accuracy, some surface and measurement issues should be considered and resolved before the inspection. Large numbers of manufacturing scans are not intended for manual correction. This article is a case study of a small surface inspection of a turbine guide vane based on 3D scans. Small surface errors cannot be neglected as their incorrect inspection can result in serious faults in the final product. Contour recognition and deletion seem to be a rational method for making a scan inspection with the same level of accuracy as we have now for CMM machines. The main reason why a scan inspection can be difficult is that the CAD source model can be slightly different from the inspected part. Not all details are always included, and small chamfers and blends can be added during the production process, based on manufacturing standards and best practices. This problem does not occur during a CMM (coordinate measuring machine) inspection, but it may occur in a general 3D scanning inspection.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Marcin Jamontt
1
Paweł Pyrzanowski
2
ORCID: ORCID

  1. General Electric Company, al Krakowska 110-114, 02-265 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics, Warsaw University of Technology, ul. Nowowiejska 24, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

The aim of the paper is to validate the use of measurement methods in the study of GFRP joints. A number of tests were carried out by means of a tensile machine. The studies were concerned with rivet connection of composite materials. One performed two series of tests for two different forces and two fibre orientations. Using Finite Element Method (FEM) and Digital Image Correlation (DIC), strain maps in the test samples were defined. The results obtained with both methods were analysed and compared. The destructive force was analysed and, with the use of a strain gauge, the clamping force in a plane parallel to the annihilated sample was estimated. Destruction processes were evaluated and models of destruction were made for this type of materials taking into account their connections, such as riveting.

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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Radosław Bielawski
1
Michał Kowalik
1
Karol Suprynowicz
1
Witold Rządkowski
1
Paweł Pyrzanowski
1

  1. Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland.
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Abstract

The article presents the method of identifying surface damage by measuring changes in resistance in graphitebased sensing skin. The research focused on analysis of conductivity anomalies caused by surface damage. Sensitivity maps obtained with Finite Element Method (FEM) in conjunction with the analytical damage model were used to build the coating evaluation algorithm. The experiment confirmed the ability of this method to identify a single elliptical-shape damage. Eight electrodes were enough to locate the damage that covered about 0.1‰ of the examined area. The proposed algorithm can prove useful in simple applications for surface condition monitoring. It can be implemented wherever it is possible to apply a thin layer of conductor to a non-conductive surface.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marek Stepnowski
1
Daniel Janczak
2
Małgorzata Jakubowska
2
Paweł Pyrzanowski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics, Nowowiejska 24, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Metrology and Biomedical Engineering, Sw. Andrzeja Boboli 8, 02-525 Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract

The current practice of reconstruction of oxidized turbine parts (due to hot corrosion) using arc welding methods facilitates restoration of the nominal shapes and dimensions, as well as other attributes and features. Intense development of 3D additive methods and techniques contributes to the repair/modification of different parts including gas turbine (GT) hardware. The article proves the viability of the concept of using a robotized additive arc welding metal active gas (MAG) process to repair and modify gas turbine diaphragms using different filler materials from the substrate. The industrialized robotic additive process (hybrid repair) shows that very good results were achieved if the diaphragm is cast of nickel-iron and the filler material for welding the passes is austenitic stainless steel (for instance 308 LSi). This is one of the novelties introduced to the repair process that was granted a patent (US11148235B2) and is already implemented in General Electric Service Centers.
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Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Steckowicz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Paweł Pyrzanowski
2
ORCID: ORCID
Efe Bulut
3

  1. GE Power Sp. z o.o. – Oddział Engineering Innovation Center w Warszawie, Al. Krakowska 110/114, 02-256 Warsaw, Poland
  2. Warsaw University of Technology, Institute of Aeronautics and Applied Mechanics, ul. Nowowiejska 24, 00-665 Warsaw, Poland
  3. GE Marmara Technology Center Müh. Hiz. Ltd. Sti. Tubitak-Mam Teknoloji Serbest Bolgesi, 41400, Gebze/Kocaeli, Turkey

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