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Abstract

Photovoltaic panels have a non-linear current-voltage characteristics to produce the maximum power at only one point called the maximum power point. In the case of the uniform illumination a single solar panel shows only one maximum power, which is also the global maximum power point. In the case an irregularly illuminated photovoltaic panel many local maxima on the power-voltage curve can be observed and only one of them is the global maximum. The proposed algorithm detects whether a solar panel is in the uniform insolation conditions. Then an appropriate strategy of tracking the maximum power point is taken using a decision algorithm. The proposed method is simulated in the environment created by the authors, which allows to stimulate photovoltaic panels in real conditions of lighting, temperature and shading.

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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Mroczka
Mariusz Ostrowski
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Abstract

The article presents a water-cooling system for photovoltaic (PV) modules using a two-axis tracking system that tracks the apparent position of the Sun on the celestial sphere. The cooling system consists of 150 adjustable spray nozzles that cool the bottom layer of PV modules. The refrigerant is water taken from a tank with a capacity of 7 m 3. A water recovery system reduces its consumption with efficiency of approximately 90%. The experimental setup consists of a full-size photovoltaic installation made of 10 modules with an output power of 3.5 kWp combined with a tracking system. The article presents an analysis of the cooling system efficiency in various meteorological conditions. Measurements of energy production were performed in the annual cycle using three different types of photovoltaic installations: stationary, two-axis tracking system and two-axis tracking system combined with the cooling system.
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Authors and Affiliations

Kamil Płachta
1
Janusz Mroczka
1
Mariusz Ostrowski
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wroclaw University of Technology, Faculty of Microsystem Electronics and Photonics, Chair of Electronic and Photonic Metrology, Bolesława Prusa 53/55, 50-317 Wrocław, Poland
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Abstract

Although the study of oscillatory motion has a long history, going back four centuries, it is still an active subject of scientificr esearch. In this review paper prospective research directions in the field of mechanical vibrations were pointed out. Four groups of important issues in which advanced research is conducted were discussed. The first are energy harvester devices, thanks to which we can obtain or save significant amounts of energy, and thus reduce the amount of greenhouse gases. The next discussed issue helps in the design of structures using vibrations and describes the algorithms that allow to identify and search for optimal parameters for the devices being developed. The next section describes vibration in multi-body systems and modal analysis, which are key to understanding the phenomena in vibrating machines. The last part describes the properties of granulated materials from which modern, intelligent vacuum-packed particles are made. They are used, for example, as intelligent vibration damping devices.
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Authors and Affiliations

Sebastian Garus
1
ORCID: ORCID
Bartłomiej Błachowski
2
ORCID: ORCID
Wojciech Sochacki
1
ORCID: ORCID
Anna Jaskot
3
ORCID: ORCID
Paweł Kwiatoń
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mariusz Ostrowski
2
ORCID: ORCID
Michal Šofer
4
ORCID: ORCID
Tomasz Kapitaniak
5
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
  2. Institute of Fundamental Technological Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
  3. Faculty of Civil Engineering, Czestochowa University of Technology, Poland
  4. Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, VŠB – Technical University of Ostrava, Czech Republic
  5. Division of Dynamics, Lodz University of Technology, Poland

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