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Number of results: 11
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Abstract

Background: In early phase of acute pancreatitis (AP), systemic inflammatory response syndrome may lead to organ failure. The severe form of AP is associated with high mortality that may be prevented by timely diagnosis and treatment of the predicted severe cases. Serum interleukin 6 (IL-6) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) have been proposed as accurate early markers of severe AP. The aim of the study was to assess whether widely available blood count indexes: neutrophil to lymphocyte (NLR), lymphocyte to monocyte (LMR) and platelet to lymphocyte ratios correlate with IL-6 and uPAR and may be utilized to predict organ complications at the early phase of AP.

Methods: The study included 95 adult patients with AP treated at the Surgical Ward Complex of Health Care Centers in Wadowice, Poland. Organ failure was diagnosed according to modified Marshall scoring system, as recommended by 2012 Atlanta classification. Blood samples for laboratory tests were collected on days 1, 2 and 3 following the onset of AP symptoms.

Results: Patients with organ failure presented significantly lower LMR on day 1 and signifi cantly higher NLR on days 2 and 3. Strong positive correlations between NLR and IL-6 and moderate correlations between NLR and uPAR were observed throughout the study. Day 2 and 3 NLR values significantly predicted organ failure at the early phase of AP.

Conclusions: Taking into account the wide availability of NLR, it may be considered as a surrogate of more expensive tests to help the early assessment of organ failure complicating AP.

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Authors and Affiliations

Witold Kolber
Beata Kuśnierz-Cabala
Małgorzata Maraj
Małgorzata Kielar
Paulina Mazur
Barbara Maziarz
Paulina Dumnicka
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Abstract

I n t r o d u c t i o n: RANTES regulates leukocyte recruitment to areas affected by the inflammatory process. Microvesicles (MVs) belong to a subpopulation of extracellular vesicles and show proangiogenic potential by transferring bioactive molecules to target cells.

Obj e c t i v e s: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between circulating proangiogenic factors (MVs and RANTES) and diabetes complications in patients with different severities of diabetic retinopathy (DR). CCR5 (CD195) receptors transported by annexin V-labeled MVs were also investigated. Patients and Methods: Diabetic patients (n = 61), among whom 35 had confirmed DR classified according to guidelines, and controls (n = 25) were included. MVs were isolated by centrifugation and analyzed using flow cytometry, RANTES was assessed by ELISA.

R e s u l t s: T h e study group diff ered from the control group with respect to BMI, age, heart rate and systolic blood pressure. Additionally, glucose and creatinine concentrations were signifi cantly increased: 5.30 [5.09–5.62] vs. 9.38 [7.48–11.55] (p<0.0001) mmol/l and 74.59 [64–84] vs. 89.00 [77.11–105.44] μmol/l (p = 0.0005), respectively. RANTES concentrations were significantly increased in diabetic patients compared to those of controls (15.5 (9.7–18.1) vs. 8.9 (0.9–14.6) μg/ml (p = 0.011)), and RANTES concentration significantly increased with respect to nonproliferative DR progression. Moreover, the number of CCR5-positive MVs was significantly increased in patients with heavy nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy (HNPDR) compared to those with soft nonproliferative DR (SNPDR): 1178 [836–2254] vs. 394 [275–799] counts/μl.

C o n c l u s i o n s: Correlation of RANTES concentrations with the stage of nonproliferative DR and the statistically significant dependence of CCR5-positive MVs with disease progression suggest that MVs and RANTES can be considered new biomarkers.

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Authors and Affiliations

Aleksandra Tokarz
Magda Konkolewska
Beata Kuśnierz-Cabala
Barbara Maziarz
Patryk Hanarz
Aleksander Żurakowski
Iwona Szuścik
Ewa Łucja Stępień
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Abstract

Background: Despite advanced research and great progress in understanding the chronic pancreatitis (CP) pathogenesis, no current causal treatment for the condition is available. For preclinical studies, the existence of a well-characterized CP animal model is essential.
The aim of the study was to assess the impact of chronic pancreatitis on the antioxidant enzymes activity in rat blood serum and on the level of glutathione (intracellular antioxidant) in rat pancreas.
Methods: The experiments were carried out on the Wistar Kyoto rats in two groups: control and study group (CP), in which chemical induction of pancreatitis with dibutyl dichloride was performed. Serum enzyme activities of amylase, lipase, catalase and superoxide dismutase were analyzed. The levels of the following biochemical parameters were also investigated: total protein, albumin, calcium, magnesium, and triglycerides. Levels of low-molecular-weight thiols: reduced (GSH) and oxidized (GSSG) glutathione, were determined in pancreatic homogenates.
Results: Histopathological imaging of rat pancreatic parenchyma with induced inflammation confirmed focal lymphocytic interstitial chronic pancreatitis with fibrosis features and mild parenchymal atrophy, as well as pancreatic islets degeneration. In the CP group, we observed a statistically significant decrease in serum amylase and lipase activities and in total protein/albumin levels. Also, the elevated catalase activity was registered. In CP rats’ tissues, we observed a 15-fold reduction in GSH levels. The other examined parameters remained unchanged. Clinically relevant are hypoalbuminemia and a moderate decrease in lipase activity. The described changes are most probably indicative of the impaired exocrine pancreas function, however without organ failure features.
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Authors and Affiliations

Patrycja Bronowicka-Adamska
1
Tomasz Hutsch
2
Dominika Szlęzak
1
Anna Bentke-Imiolek
1
Kinga Kaszuba
1
Piotr Ceranowicz
3
Beata Kuśnierz-Cabala
1

  1. Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
  2. Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
  3. Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

Authors and Affiliations

Mateusz Sporek
Paulina Dumnicka
Jerzy Walocha
Beata Kuśnierz-Cabala
Agnieszka Gala-Błądzińska
Małgorzata Mazur-Laskowska
Piotr Ceranowicz
Zygmunt Warzecha
Artur Dembiński
Marek Kuźniewski
Rafał Olszanecki
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Abstract

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterized by distinct etiopathogenetic concepts that are gradually being linked together to unravel the dominant pathophysiological pathways underlying the disease. Excessive food restrictions, often accompanied by over-exercise and undertaken to lose weight, lead to the development of numerous complications. The biological concept of neurohormonal dysfunc-tion in AN seems incomplete without demonstrating or excluding the role of the enteric nervous system (ENS). Using an animal model of activity-based anorexia (ABA), we conducted the preliminary assess-ment of the ENS structure. Here we show, in preparations stained by immunohistochemistry with anti- ChAT, anti-NOS, anti-PGP 9.5, anti-c-fos, and anti-TH antibodies, a lower density of cholinergic and nitrergic nerve fibers as well as reduced neuronal activity in myenteric plexus. Such structural and functional damage to the ENS may be responsible for a number of gastrointestinal symptoms that worsen the course of the disease. In addition, we expanded the study to address the unresolved issue of mechanical and thermal pain sensitivity in AN. The Von Frey and hot plate tests revealed, that in ABA animals, the pain threshold for mechanical stimulus decreases while for thermal increases. In this way, we have sig-nificantly supplemented the background of AN with potentially observable nervous system changes which may influence the evolution of the therapeutic approach in the future.
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Authors and Affiliations

Kamil Skowron
1
Paulina Stach
1
Magdalena Kurnik-Łucka
1
Katarzyna Chwaleba
1
Mateusz Giełczyński
1
Wiktoria Suchy
1
Veronika Aleksandrovych
1
Michał Jurczyk
1
Beata Kuśnierz-Cabala
2
Krzysztof Gil
1

  1. Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
  2. Chair of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland

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