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Abstract

Three lichenized fungal species collected from James Ross Island (eastern coast of Antarctic Peninsula): Cladonia acuminata (Ach.) Norrl., Rhizocarpon pusillum Runemark and Rhizoplaca parilis S.D. Leav., Fern.-Mend., Lumbsch, Sohrabi et St. Clair are reported from Antarctica for the first time. Detailed morphological and anatomical properties of these species along with photographes based on Antarctic specimens are provided here. In addition, the nrITS gene regions of the selected specimens are studied and the phylogenetic positions of the species are discussed. The nrITS data for Rhizocarpon pusillum is provided for the first time. According to our studies the lichen biodiversity of the Antarctic is still poorly known and molecular studies are very important in order to present the correct lichen biodiversity of Antarctica.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mehmet Gökhan Halici
1
ORCID: ORCID
Merve Kahraman
1
Osman Osmanoğlu
1
Milos Bartak
2

  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Erciyes University, 380 39 Kayseri, Turkey
  2. Department of Experimental Biology, Section of Plant Physiology, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Abstract

Previously, only three Candelariella species were known from Antarctica: C. aurella, C. flava and C. vitellina. After morphologically and phylogenetically examining our collections on soil from James Ross Island, located in the north-east Antarctic Peninsula region, and Horseshoe Island, a small rocky island in Bourgeois Fjord, Marguerite Bay in the south-west Antarctic Peninsula, we describe the lichen species Candelariella ruzgarii as new to science. Sequences of the nrITS, mtSSU and RPB1 gene regions of the new species were amplified and revealed that the phylogenetic position of the new species is in the C. aurella group, which is characterised by 8-spored asci and ± granular thalli. Candelariella ruzgarii is phylogenetically most closely related to C. aurella s. lat. but differs mainly in ecology as the new species grows on soil or on terricolous lichens, whereas the latter species grows on calcareous rocks, rarely on wood. Morphologically, C. ruzgarii is very similar to C. aggregata, a Northern Hemisphere species that grows on mosses and plant debris. Apart from the different phylogenetical position, C. ruzgarii has a thicker and sometimes slightly crenulated thalline margin and somewhat shorter ascospores than C. aggregata. We also report C. plumbea for the first time from Antarctica, a species with a thick and grey thallus that was previously known from Europe and Asia.
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Authors and Affiliations

Mehmet Gökhan Halici
1
ORCID: ORCID
Merve Kahraman Yiğit
1
ORCID: ORCID
Ekrem Bölükbaşı
2
ORCID: ORCID
Mithat Güllü
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Erciyes University, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kayseri, Türkiye
  2. Amasya University, Department of Environmental Protection Technologies, Suluova Vocational School, Amasya, Türkiye

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