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Safety at railway level crossings and Vision Zero

Eligiusz Mieloszyk Anita Milewska Sławomir Grulkowski
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2021 | vol. 67 | No 2 | 117-132 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2021.137158
Keywords safety railway level crossings non-classical operational calculus resistivity
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Abstract

In this work, safety analysis at the railway level crossings is presented using advanced mathematical modelling. Resistivity of track subgrade panels is taken into account. The analysis does not refer to the assessment of the current regulations. Specific cases of generalized dynamic system are considered by introducing operations S=Δ, S=P defined in space C(N) of real sequences. In this model, generalized discrete exponential and trigonometric functions that reflect the oscillatory nature of the analysed quantities are used. The advantage of the analyzes is the avoidance of numerical errors. We show also the importance of the resistivity of track subgrade panels in safety at the level crossings. The safety at the level crossings can be increased through providing track subgrade panels with appropriate resistivity to minimize negative effect of stray currents. The results may be used to evaluate selected safety indicators as well as to predict safety levels and to determine the ways of improving safety.
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Authors and Affiliations

Eligiusz Mieloszyk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Anita Milewska
2
ORCID: ORCID
Sławomir Grulkowski
3
  1. Prof., DSc., PhD., Eng., Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, G. Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
  2. PhD., Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, G. Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
  3. PhD., Eng., Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, G. Narutowicza Str. 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland

Risk assessment for tram traffic on tramway bridges

Kazimierz Jamroz Sławomir Grulkowski Krystian Birr Łukasz Jeliński Marcin Budzyński
Archives of Civil Engineering | 2021 | vol. 67 | No 4 | 39-58 | DOI: 10.24425/ace.2021.138485
Keywords tram infrastructure sections with steep gradients risk assessment design guidelines
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Abstract

Promoted by many cities to meet the commute needs of their residents (for work, education, etc.), urban rail transport is a spatially expanding system. The safety of rail passengers and road users is one of the most important factors to consider when designing the infrastructure and assessing the operation of the urban tram system. One of the unsolved issues in the functioning of tram transport are sections of tramways with large longitudinal slopes. The article presents an attempt to use risk management for assessing the operational safety of tramways located on road sections with large longitudinal gradients. This particular problem occurs on a tram route in Gdansk. It runs along a street (partly on an overpass) with a gradient above 5% and a small horizontal curve. Risk was assessed using TRANS-RISK, a risk management method. In the first stage, a risk analysis was carried out using the Bow–Tie methods and error trees. The main risks of serious accidents on the analysed section of the tramway were identified. Three sub-concepts were used to assess risk: individual, societal and collective. Although not generally used for assessments of urban transport infrastructure, the latter was found most useful for assessing the safety of the analysed infrastructure. The results of the analyses and assessments helped to formulate design and maintenance principles for tram infrastructure located on sections with steep gradients.
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Bibliography

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Authors and Affiliations

Kazimierz Jamroz
1
ORCID: ORCID
Sławomir Grulkowski
1
Krystian Birr
1
ORCID: ORCID
Łukasz Jeliński
1
ORCID: ORCID
Marcin Budzyński
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Gdansk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland

Determining horizontal curvature of railway track axis in mobile satellite measurements

Władysław Koc Andrzej Wilk Cezary Specht Krzysztof Karwowski Jacek Skibicki Krzysztof Czaplewski Slawomir Judek Piotr Chrostowski Jacek Szmagliński Paweł Dąbrowski Mariusz Specht Sławomir Grulkowski Roksana Licow
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2021 | 69 | 6 | e139204 | DOI: 10.24425/bpasts.2021.139204
Keywords GNSS measurements railway track axis horizontal curvature moving chord method application accuracy assessment
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Abstract

The article discusses the applicability of a novel method to determine horizontal curvature of the railway track axis based on results of mobile satellite measurements. The method is based on inclination angle changes of a moving chord in the Cartesian coordinate system. In the presented case, the variant referred to as the method of two virtual chords is applied. It consists in maneuvering with only one GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) receiver. The assumptions of the novel method are formulated, and an assessment of its application in the performed campaign of mobile satellite measurements is presented. The shape of the measured railway axis is shown in the national spatial reference system PL-2000, and the speed of the measuring trolley during measurement is calculated based on the recorded coordinates. It has been observed that over the test section, the curvature ordinates differ from the expected waveform, which can be caused by disturbances of the measuring trolley trajectory. However, this problem can easily be overcome by filtering the measured track axis ordinates to obtain the correct shape – this refers to all track segments: straight sections, circular arcs and transition curves. The virtual chord method can also constitute the basis for assessing the quality of the recorded satellite signal. The performed analysis has shown high accuracy of the measuring process.
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Authors and Affiliations

Władysław Koc
1
ORCID: ORCID
Andrzej Wilk
1
ORCID: ORCID
Cezary Specht
2
Krzysztof Karwowski
1
Jacek Skibicki
1
Krzysztof Czaplewski
2
Slawomir Judek
1
Piotr Chrostowski
3
Jacek Szmagliński
3
Paweł Dąbrowski
2
ORCID: ORCID
Mariusz Specht
2
Sławomir Grulkowski
3
Roksana Licow
3
  1. Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Electrical and Control Engineering, ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
  2. Gdynia Maritime University, Faculty of Navigation, al. Jana Pawła II 3, 81-345 Gdynia, Poland
  3. Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, ul. G. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland

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