How to search?
advanced search

Search results

Filters

  • Journals
  • Authors
  • Keywords
  • Date
  • Type

Search results

Number of results: 18
items per page: 25 50 75
Sort by:

Different cap-barrier design for MOCVD grown HOT HgCdTe barrier detectors

Małgorzata Kopytko A. Kębłowski W. Gawron P. Madejczyk
Opto-Electronics Review | 2015 | vol. 23 | No 2 | 143-148
Keywords HgCdTe barrier infrared detector high operating temperature MOCVD
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The performance of HgCdTe barrier detectors with cut-off wavelengths up to 3.6 μm fabricated using metaloorganic chemi- cal vapour deposition operated at high temperatures is presented. The detectors’ architecture consists of four layers: cap contact, wide bandgap barrier, absorber and bottom contact layer. The structures were fabricated both with n- and p-type absorbing layers. In the paper, different design of cap-barrier structural unit (n-Bp′, n+-Bp′, p+-Bp) were analysed in terms of various electrical and optical properties of the detectors, such as dark current, current responsivity time constant and detectivity.

The devices with a p-type cap contact exhibit very low dark current densities in the range of (2÷3)×10-4 A/cm2 at 230 K and the maximum photoresponse of about 2 A/W in wide range of reverse bias voltage. The time constant of measured de- vices with n-type cap contact and p-type absorbing drops below 1 ns with reverse bias while the detectivity is at the level of 1010 cm ∙ Hz1/2/W.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Małgorzata Kopytko
ORCID: ORCID
A. Kębłowski
W. Gawron
P. Madejczyk

Apokryficzne macierzyństwa Joanny Mueller. Między cielesnościąa tekstualnością

Agnieszka Gawron
Ruch Literacki | 2016 | No 4
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Authors and Affiliations

Agnieszka Gawron

Status of long-wave Auger suppressed HgCdTe detectors operating > 200 K

Piotr Martyniuk W. Gawron D. Stępień J. Pawluczyk A. Kębłowski P. Madejczyk Małgorzata Kopytko A. Koźniewski
Opto-Electronics Review | 2015 | vol. 23 | No 4 | 278-286
Keywords HOT HgCdTe Auger suppression
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

We report on the status of long-wave infrared Auger suppressed HgCdTe multilayer structures grown on GaAs substrates designed for high operating temperature condition: 200-300 K exhibiting, detectivity -1011 cmHz1/2/W, time response within a –120 ps range at 230 K. Abnormal responsivity within the range of -30 A/W for electrical area 30×30 μm2 under reverse bias V = 150 mV is reported. Maximum extraction coefficient of -2.3 was estimated for analysed structures.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Martyniuk
ORCID: ORCID
W. Gawron
D. Stępień
J. Pawluczyk
A. Kębłowski
P. Madejczyk
Małgorzata Kopytko
ORCID: ORCID
A. Koźniewski

Barrier Detectors Versus Homojunction Photodiode

P. Martyniuk W. Gawron
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2014 | No 4 | 675-684 | DOI: 10.2478/mms-2014-0058
Keywords BIRD CnBn CnBnN+ CpBn CpBnN+ unipolar barrier photodiode
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In the last two decades several new concepts of photodetectors to improve their performance have been proposed. New strategies are especially addressed to the group of so called high-operating-temperature detectors where - apart from increasing of operating temperature - both the size and power consumption reduction is expected. In this paper a new strategy in the photo-detector design is presented - the barrier detectors: CnBn; CnBnN+, CpBn and unipolar barrier photodiodes. In spite of considering barrier detectors based on AIIIBV bulk compounds and type-II superlattices as having theoretically a better performance than those based on HgCdTe, the latter compound is also used to fabricate barrier detectors. Among many new applications of barrier detectors the detection of explosives can be extremely important due to an increased threat of terrorist attacks. This paper presents the status of the barrier detectors and compares the performance of mid-wave HgCdTe barrier detectors and unipolar barrier photodiodes.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

P. Martyniuk
W. Gawron

Social Services Co-production as a Source of the Personal and Social Productivity Among the Older People – a Conceptual Model Proposal

Grzegorz Gawron
Studia Socjologiczne | 2022 | No 4 | 129-152 | DOI: 10.24425/sts.2022.143585
Keywords co-production productive aging social services human and social capital
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

While the notions of social services co-production and older people productivity have already been employed in the academic literature independently of one another, the relationship between the two has not been established yet. The article proposes a pioneering conceptual model that combines these two issues. Since the proposal is novel, the article introduces the concepts that allow to operationalize the model as well as the graphic diagram that explains the relationships between these concepts. The article presents social services co-production as a potential source of the personal and social productivity among the older people generated by the use of their human and social capital. Its aim is to stimulate a debate on this crucial topic and invite for a further development of the proposed conceptual model.
Go to article

Bibliography

1. Abeysekera, Ruwan. 2015. Concepts and Implications of Theory of Co-production. Colombo Business Journal, 06, 2: 22–38. DOI: 10.4038/cbj.v6i2.26.
2. Alford, John. 1998. A public management road less traveled: clients as co-producers of public services. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 57: 128–137. DOI: 10.1111/j. 1467-8500.1998.tb01568.x
3. Alford, John. 2002. Why do public sector clients co-produce? Towards a contingency theory . Administration & Society, 34, 1: 32–56. DOI: 10.1177%2F0095399702034001004.
4. Alford, John, Sophie Yates. 2015. Co-production of public services in Australia: The Roles of Government Organisations and Co-producers. Australian Journal of Public Administration, 75: 159–175. DOI: 10.1111/1467-8500.12157.
5. Andrews, Rhys, Gena A. Brewer. 2013. Social Capital, Management Capacity and Public Service Performance Evidence from the US States. Public Management Review, 15, 1: 19–42. DOI: 10.1080/14719037.2012.662445.
6. Bailey, Stephen J. 2011. The evolving governance of public services in England: Extending competition, choice, co-design and co-production. Innovation and the Public Sector, 15: 68–88. DOI: 10.3233/978-1-60750-727-7-68.
7. Bartkowski, Jerzy. 2007. Kapitał społeczny i jego oddziaływanie na rozwój w ujęciu socjologicznym. In: M. Herbst, eds. Kapitał ludzki i kapitał społeczny a rozwój regionalny. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar, 54–97.
8. Bendapudi, Neeli, Robert P. Leone. 2003. Psychological implications of customer participation in co-production. Journal of Marketing, 67, 1: 14–28. DOI: 10.1509%2Fjmkg.67.1.14.18592.
9. Białożyt, Krystyna. 2014. Produktywność osób starszych – czy produktywny jest tylko aktywny zawodowo senior? In: N.G. Pikuła, eds. Marginalizacja na rynku pracy: teorie i implikacje praktyczne. Kraków: Wydawnictwo Impuls, 87–102.
10. Bloom, David E., Dara L. Luca. 2016. The Global Demography of Aging: Facts, Explanations, Future, IZA. Discussion Paper, Institute for the Study of Labor, IZA DP, No. 10163. https://ssrn.com/abstract=2834213. Dostęp 17.07.2022.
11. Błędowski, Piotr, Barbara Szatur-Jaworska, Zofia Szweda-Lewandowska, Paweł Kubicki. 2012. Raport na temat sytuacji osób starszych w Polsce. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo IPSS.
12. Boudiny, Kim. 2013. Active ageing: From empty rhetoric to effective policy tool. Ageing & Society, 33, 6: 1077–1098. DOI: 10.1017/S0144686X1200030X.
13. Bourdieu, Pierre. 1986. The Forms of Capital. In: J. G. Richardson, eds. Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education. New Jork: Springer, 241–258.
14. Bovaird, Tony. 2007. Beyond Engagement and Participation: User and Community Coproduction of Public Services. Public Administration Review, 67, 5: 846–860. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6210.2007.00773.x.
15. Bovaird, Tony, Elke Löffler. 2009. User and community co-production of public services and public policies through collective decision-making: the role of emerging technologies. In: T. Brandsen, M. Holzer, Newark, eds. The Future of Governance. New York: NCPP, 231–251. DOI: 10.1177%2F0020852314566009.
16. Bovaird, Tony, Garry Stoker, Tricia Jones, Elke Löffler, Monica Roncancio. 2015. Activating collective co-production of public services: influencing citizens to participate in complex governance mechanisms in the UK. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 82, 1: 47–68. DOI: 10.1177%2F0020852314566009.
17. Boyle, David, Michael Harris. 2009. The Challenge Of Co-Production. How equal partnerships between professionals and the public are crucial to improving public services. Discussion Paper, London: NESTA. https://neweconomics.org/uploads/files/312ac8ce93a00d5973_3im 6i6t0e.pdf. Dostęp: 17.07.2022.
18. Brandsen, Adalbert. 2006. Current Strands in Debating User Involvement in Social Services. Strasbourg: Council of Europe.
19. Brandsen, Taco, Victor Pestoff. 2006. Co-production, the third sector and the delivery of public services. Public Management Review, 8, 4: 493–501. DOI: 10.1080/14719030601022874.
20. Brudney, Jeffrey, Robert England. 1983. Toward a definitione of the co-production concept. Public Administration Review, 43: 59–65. DOI: 10.2307/975300.
21. Butler, Rober Neil, Herbert Gleason. eds. 1985. Productive aging: Enhancing vitality in Later life. New Jork: Springer.
22. Butler, Robert, Mia Oberlink, Mal Schechter. eds. 1990. The promise of productive aging. New Jork: Springer.
23. Caldwell, Kay, Kate Coleman, Mohammed Saib. 2008. The ageing population: challenges for policy and practice. Diversity in Health and Social Care, 5, 1: 11–18.
24. Caro, Francis G., Scott A. Bass, Yung-Ping Chen. 1993. Introduction: Achiving a Productive Aging Society. In: S.A. Bass, F.G. Caro, Y-P. Chen, eds. Achiving a Productive Aging Society. London, Auburn House London, 3–25.
25. Carpiano, Richard M. 2007. Neighborhood social capital and adult health: an empirical test of a Bourdieu-based model. Health and Place, 13: 639–655. DOI: 10.1016/j.healthplace. 2006.09.001.
26. Ciepielewska-Kowalik, Anna. 2016. Koprodukcja w polityce opieki i edukacji przedszkolnej. Warszawa: Instytutu Studiów Politycznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk.
27. Clark, Benjamin Y., Jeffrey L. Brudney, Sung-Gheel Jang. 2013. Coproduction of government services and the new information technology: investigating the distributional biases. Public Administration Review, 73, 5: 687–701. DOI: 10.1111/puar.12092.
28. Clarke, Amanda, Lorna Warren. 2007. Hopes, fears and expectations about the future: what do older people’s stories tell us about active ageing? Ageing and Society, 27, 4: 465–488. DOI: 10.1017/S0144686X06005824.
29. Coleman, James S. 1988. Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital. American Journal of Sociology, 86: 95–120.
30. Coleman, James S. 2012. The creation and destruction of social capital: implications for the law. Notre Dame Journal of Law Ethics Public Policy, 3: 375–404.
31. Co-production involving and led by older people. An Evidence and Practice Review. 2013, National Development Team for Inclusion, https://otbds.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/ NDTi_-_Coproductionandolderpeople.pdf. Access 12.03.2019.
32. Craig, Stephen C., Richard G. Niemi, Gleen E. Silver. 1990. Political efficacy and trust: A report on the NES pilot study items. Political Behavior, 12: 289–314. DOI: 10.1007/BF00992337.
33. De Witte, Kristof, Benny Geys. 2013. Citizen coproduction and efficient public good provision: theory and evidence from local public libraries. European Journal of Operational Research, 224, 3: 592–602. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2012.09.002.
34. Domański, Ryszard. 2000. Miasto innowacyjne. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
35. Donatti, Christina, David Deans. 2016. Discussion Paper. Defining Productive Ageing – Engaging Consumers. Productive Ageing Centre. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/255598155_Discussion_Paper_Defining_Productive_Ageing_-_Engaging_Consumers. Access 14.01.2018.
36. Dosman, Donna, Janet Fast, Sherry A. Chapman, Norah Keating. 2006. Retirement and Productive Activity in Later Life. Journal of Family & Economic Issues, 27: 401–419. DOI: 10.1007/s10834-006-9022-y.
37. Drucker, Peter F. 1992. The New Society of Organizations. Harvard Business Review, 70, 5: 95–104.
38. Drucker, Peter F. (translation Kranas, G.). 1999. Społeczeństwo pokapitalistyczne. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
39. Działek, Jarosław. 2011. Kapitał społeczny – ujęcie teoretyczne i praktyka badawcza. Studia Regionalne i Lokalne, 3, 45: 100–118.
40. Europejski Komitet Ekonomiczno-Społeczny (EKES). 2013. Opinia Europejskiego Komitetu Ekonomiczno-Społecznego w sprawie wkładu osób starszych w życie społeczne i ich udziału w nim (opinia z inicjatywy własnej). Dziennik Urzędowy Unii Europejskiej Seria C 11/04 z 15 stycznia 2013. file:///C:/Users/Ja/AppData/Local/Temp/2013_c_011_c_01120130115pl00160020.pdf.pdf Access 12.12.2019.
41. Feng, Qiushi, Paulin Tay Straughan. 2017. What does successful aging mean? Lay perception of successful aging among Singapore elderly. Journal of Gerontology Series B: Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 72, 2: 204–213. DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbw151.
42. Fihel, Agnieszka, Marek Okólski. 2014. P rzemiany cywilizacyjne, ludnościowe i starzenie się społeczeństw Koncepcja teoretyczna projektu MIG/AGEING. Poznań: Ośrodek Badań nad Migracjami, Uniwersytet Warszawski nad Migracjami, Uniwersytet Warszawski. http://migageing.uw.edu.pl/wp-content/uploads/sites/36/2014/12/SiM_01.pdf. Access 14.07.2022.
43. Filipe, Angela, Alicia Renedo, Cicely Marston. 2017. The co-production of what? Knowledge, values, and social relations in health care. PLoS Biol, 15, 5. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.2001403.
44. Fitzpatrick, Tony, Huck-ju Kwon, Nick Manning, James Midgley, Gillian Pascall. 2006. International Encyclopedia of Social Policy. Routledge.
45. Foster, Liam, Alan Walker. 2015. Active and successful aging: A European policy perspective. The Gerontologist, 55, 1: 83–90. DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnu028.
46. Frederickson, George H. 1996. Comparing the reinventing government movement with the new public administration. Public Administration Review, 43: 263–270. DOI: 10.2307/976450.
47. Gannon, Zoe, Neal Lawson. 2008. Co-production: the modernisation of public services by staff and users. London: Compass. https://www.compassonline.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/CO-PRODUCTION.pdf. Access 17.07.2021.
48. Gawron, Grzegorz. 2017. Senioralna koprodukcja? analiza wybranych przypadków lokalnych inicjatyw na rzecz seniorów w krajach o niskich i średnich dochodach. Praca Socjalna, 5: 29–53. DOI: 10.7366/1509499548204.
49. Gawron, Grzegorz. 2020. Srebrna koprodukcja – analiza inicjatyw lokalnych na rzecz osób starszych w wybranych krajach rozwijających się. Studia Regionalne i Lokalne, 4, 82: 76–95. DOI: 10.7366/1509499548204.
50. Gawron, Grzegorz, Andrzej Klimczuk, Zofia Szweda-Lewandowska. 2021. Starzenie się populacji. Aktywizacja, koprodukcja i integracja społeczna osób starszych. Katowice: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego w Katowicach. https://wydawnictwo.us.edu.pl/sites/wydawnictwo.us.edu.pl/files/wus_2021_gawron_klimczuk_szweda-lewandowska_starzenie_sie_populacji_ebook.pdf. Access 15.12.2021.
51. Gee, Elen, Gloria Gutman, eds. 2000. The Overselling of Population Aging: Apocalyptic Demography, Intergenerational Challenges and Social Policy. Toronto: Oxford University Press.
52. Golder, Peter N., Debanjan Mitra, Christine Moorman. 2012. What Is Quality? An Integrative Framework of Processes and States. Journal of Marketing, 76, 4: 1–23.
53. Goldschmidt-Clermont, Luisella, Elisabetta Pagnossin-Aligisakis. 1995. Measures of Unrecorded Economic Activities in Fourteen Countries. Human Development Report Office. https://hdr.undp.org/system/files/documents//luisellagoldschmidt-clermontpdf.pdf. Access 19.07.2021.
54. Golinowska, Stanisława. 2012. Srebrna gospodarka – ekonomiczny wymiar procesu starzenia się populacji. In: Strategie działania w starzejącym się społeczeństwie. Tezy i rekomendacje. Warszawa, Biuro Rzecznika Praw Obywatelskich, 133–147. https://www.brpo.gov.pl/sites/default/files/13541772380.pdf. Access 19.07.2021.
55. Grewiński Mirosław. 2013. Usługi społeczne i socjalne jako wspólny obszar polityki i ekonomii społecznej. Ekonomia Społeczna, 3, 8: 24–39.
56. Halvorsen, Kathleen. E. 2003. Assessing the effects of public participation. Public Administration Review, 63, 5: 535–543. DOI: 10.1111/1540-6210.00317.
57. Hamm, Bernd. 2004. Kapitał społeczny z punktu widzenia socjologicznego. In: L. Frąckiewicz, A. Rączaszka, eds. Kapitał społeczny. Katowic: Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach, 49–60.
58. Herian, Mitchel N., Joseph A. Hamm, Alan J. Tomkins, Lisa P. Zillig. 2012. Public Participation, Procedural Fairness, and Evaluations of Local Governance: The Moderating Role of Uncertainty. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22, 4: 815–840. DOI: 10.1093/jopart/mur064.
59. Herzog, Anna Regula, James N. Morgan. 1992. Age and gender differences in the value of productive activities. Research on Aging, 14, 2: 169–198. DOI: 10.1177%2F0164027592142002.
60. Hinterlong, James, Nancy Morrow-Howell, Michael Sherraden. 2001. Productive Aging: Principles and Perspective. In: N. Morrow-Howell, J. Hinterlong, M. Sherraden, eds. Productive Aging. Concepts and Challenges. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 3–18.
61. Irvin, Renee. A., John Stansbury. 2004. Citizen participation in decision making: Is it worth the effort? Public Administration Review, 64, 1: 55–65. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6210.2004.00346.x.
62. Jackson, James S. 2001. Changes over the Life Course in Productive Activities: Comparison of Black and White Populations. In: N. Morrow-Howell, J. Hinterlong, M. Sherraden, eds. Productive Aging. Concepts and Challenges. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press, 214–244.
63. Jakobsen, Morten. 2012. Can government initiatives increase citizen coproduction? Results of a randomized field experiment. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 23, 1: 27–54. DOI: 10.1093/jopart/mus036.
64. Jakobsen, Morten, Simon C. Andersen. 2013. Co-production and Equity in Public Service Delivery. Public Administration Review, 2013, 73: 704–713. DOI: 10.1111/puar.12094.
65. Kaye, Lenard W., Sandra S. Butler, Nancy M. Webster. 2003. Toward a productive aging paradigm for geriatric practice. Ageing International, 28, 2: 200–213. DOI: 10.1007/s12126-003-1024-6.
66. Kaźmierczak, Tomasz. 2011. Partycypacja publiczna: obywatel jako koproducent usług publicznych. In: A. Olech ed. Partycypacja publiczna. O uczestnictwie w życiu wspólnoty lokalnej. Warszawa: Instytut Spraw Publicznych, Fundacja Instytut Spraw Publicznych, 175–191.
67. Kaźmierczak, Tomasz. 2012. Koprodukcja, czyli „prawo do miasta” w działaniu – jak poprawić partycypację publiczną przez udział obywateli w świadczeniu usług publicznych. Warszawa: Instytut Spraw Publicznych, Analizy i opinie nr 2.
68. Kaźmierczak, Tomasz. 2014. Koprodukcja usług publicznych (koncepcja, badania, rola w świadczeniu usług adresowanych do osób wykluczonych społecznie, warunki upowszechnienia. http://www.eapn.org.pl/wpcontent/uploads/2014/06/EAPN_ekspertyza_TK.pdf. Access 15.08.2018.
69. Khine, Pwint Kay, Jianing Mi, Raza Shahid. 2021. A Comparative Analysis of Co-Production in Public Services. Sustainability, 13,12. DOI: 10.3390/su13126730.
70. Kim, Soonhee, Jooho Lee. 2012. E-Participation, Transparency, and Trust in Local Government. Public Administration Review, 72, 6: 819–828. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6210.2012.02593.x.
71. Klein, Peter G., Michael L. Cook. 2006. T.W. Schultz and the Human-Capital Approach to Entrepreneurship. Review of Agricultural Economics, 28, 3: 344–350.
72. Klimczuk, Andrzej. 2012. Kapitał społeczny ludzi starych na przykładzie mieszkańców miasta Białystok. Białystok: Wydawnictwo Wiedza i Edukacja.
73. Król, Henryk. 2006. Istota rozwoju kapitału ludzkiego organizacji. In: H. Król, A. Ludwiczyński, eds. Zarządzanie zasobami ludzkimi. Tworzenie kapitału ludzkiego organizacji. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 423–451.
74. Kunasz, Marek. 2004. Teoria kapitału ludzkiego na tle dorobku myśli ekonomicznej. In: A. Manikowski, A. Psyk, eds. Unifikacja gospodarek europejskich: szanse i zagrożenia. Warszawa: Uniwersytet Warszawski, 433–442.
75. Krzyszkowski, Jerzy. 2015. Wzrost znaczenia usług społecznych w czasach wyzwania demograficznego. Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica, 2, 312: 9–24. http://hdl.handle.net/11089/15533.
76. Krzyżowski Łukasz, Wojciech Kowalik, Katarzyna Suwada, Anna Pawlina. 2014. Młodzi emeryci w Polsce. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar.
77. Levine, Charles H., George Fisher. 1984. Citizenship and service delivery: the promise of co-production. Public Administration Review, 44: 178–189. DOI: 10.2307/975559.
78. Ma, Liang, Xia Wu. 2019.Citizen engagement and co-production of e-government services in China. Journal of Chinese Government, 2019, 5: 1–22. DOI: 10.1080/23812346.2019.1705052.
79. Martinson, Marty, Clara Berridge. 2015. Successful aging and its discontents: A systematic review of the social gerontology literature, The Gerontologist, 55, 1: 58–69. DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnu037.
80. McDonald, Scott, Jennifer Roberts. 2002. Growth and multiple forms of human capital in an augmented Solow model: a panel data investigation. Economic Letters, 74: 271–276. DOI: 10.1016/S0165-1765(01)00539-0.
81. Morrow-Howell, Nancy, Emily Greenfield. 2016. Productive engagement in later life. In: L. K. George, K. F. Ferraro eds. Handbook of aging and the social sciences. San Diego: Academic Press, 293–313.
82. Narushima, Miya, Jian Liu, Naomi Distelkamp. 2018. Lifelong learning in active aging discourse: its conserving effect on wellbeing, health and vulnerability. Ageing and Society, 38, 4: 651–675. DOI: 10.1017/S0144686X16001136.
83. Needham, Catherine. 2008. Realising the Potential of Co-production: Negotiating Improvements in Public Services. Journal of Social Policy and Society, 7, 2: 221–231. DOI: 10.1017/S1474746407004174.
84. Needham, Catherine, Sarah Carr. 2009. SCIE Research briefing 31: co-production: an emerging evidence base for adult social care transformation. Social Care Institute for Excellence.
85. Neshkova, Milena I., Hai Guo. 2012. Public Participation and Organizational Performance: Evidence from State Agencies. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 22, 2: 267–288. DOI: 10.1093/jopart/mur038.
86. Nitrini, Ricardo. 2011. Successful aging in Brazil. Arq Neuropsiquiatr, 69, 4: 577–578. DOI: 10.1590/s0004-282x2011000500001.
87. Ogura Seiritsu., Michael Jakovljevic. 2018. Editorial: Global population aging – health care, social and economic consequences. Frontiers in Public Health, 6, 335. www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2018.00335/full. Access 17.07.2022.
88. Osborne, Stephen P. 2010. Delivering public services: time for a new theory? Public Management Review, 12: 1–10. DOI: 10.1080/14719030903495232.
89. Osborne, Stephen P., Kirsty Strokosch. 2013. It takes Two to Tango? Understanding the Co-production of Public Services by Integrating the Services Management and Public Administration Perspectives. British Journal of Management, 24: 31–47. DOI: 10.1111/1467-8551.12010.
90. Ostrom, Vincent, Elinor Ostrom. 1971. Public Choice: A Different Approach to the Study of Public Administration. Public Administration Review, 31, 2: 203–216. DOI: 10.2307/974676.
91. Ostrom, Elinor. 1972. Metropolitan reform: propositions derived from two traditions. Social Science Quarterly, 53: 474–493. https://www.jstor.org/stable/42860228.
92. Ostrom, Elinor. 1996. Crossing the great divide: Coproduction, synergy and development. World Development, 24, 6: 1073–1087. DOI: 10.1016/0305-750X(96)00023-X.
93. Ostrom, Elinor. 1999. Crossing the Great Divide: Coproduction, Synergy, and Development. In: M.D. McGinnis, eds. Polycentric Governance and Development. Readings from the Workshop in Political Theory and Policy Analysis. Michigan: University of Michigan Press.
94. Ostrom, Elinor. 2000. Crowding out citizenship. Scandinavian Political Studies, 23, 1: 1–16. DOI: 10.1111/1467-9477.00028.
95. Parks, Roger B., Paula C. Baker, Larry Kiser, Roland Oakerson, Elinor Ostrom, Vincent Ostrom, Stephen L. Percy, Martha B. Vandivort, Gordon P. Whitaker, Rick Wilson. 1981. Consumers As Coproducers Of Public Services: Some Economic And Institutional Considerations. Policy Studies Journal, 9, 7: 1001–1011. DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-0072.1981.tb01208.x.
96. Parrado, Salvador, Gregg G. Van Ryzin, Tony Bovaird, Elke Loffler. 2013. Correlates of co-production: Evidence from a five-nation survey of citizens. International Public Management Journal, 16, 1: 85–112. DOI: 10.1080/10967494.2013.796260.
97. Peng, Du, Wang Fei. 2013. Productive ageing in China: Development of concepts and policy practice. Ageing International, 38,4: 4–14. DOI: 10.1007/s12126-012-9169-9.
98. Pestoff, Victor. 2006. Citizens and co-production of welfare services – Childcare in eight European countries. Public Management Review, 8, 4: 503–519. DOI: 10.1080/1471 9030601022882.
99. Pestoff, Victor, Stephen P., Osborne, Taco Brandsen. 2006. Patterns of co-production in public services: Some concluding thoughts. Public Management Review, 8, 4: 591–595. DOI: 10.1080/14719030601022999.
100. Pestoff, Victor. 2011. Co-production, new public governance and third sector social services in Europe. Ciências Sociais Unisinos, 47, 1: 15–24. DOI: 10.4013/csu.2011.47.1.0.
101. Pestoff, Victor. 2012. Co-production and Third Sector Social Services in Europe: Some Concepts and Evidence. International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations, 23: 1102–1118. DOI: 10.1007/s11266-012-9308-7.
102. Piekut-Brodzka, Danuta M. 2004. Kapitał ludzki i inwestycje w ludzkie istnienie oraz kapitał społeczny a praca socjalna. In: L. Frąckiewicz, A. Rączaszka, eds. Kapitał społeczny. Katowice: Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Katowicach, 201–212.
103. Putnam, Robert D. 1993. The Prosperous Community. Social Capital and Public Life. The American Prospect, 3, 35–42.
104. Putnam, Robert D. 2000. Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. Touchstone Books.
105. Radnor, Zoe, Stephen P. Osborne, Tony Kinder, Jean Mutton. 2013. Operationalizing Co-production in Public Service Delivery: The contribution of service blueprinting. Public Management Review, 16, 3: 402–423. DOI: 10.1080/14719037.2013.848923.
106. Reinhard, Wolfgang. 2009. Życie po europejsku. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.
107. Rich, Richard C. 1981. Interaction of the voluntary and governmental sectors: Toward an understanding of the co-production of municipal services. Administration and Society, 13: 59–76. DOI: 10.1177%2F009539978101300104.
108. Robinson, Mark, Gordon White. 1997. The Role of Civil Organizations in the Provision of Social Services. Towards Synergy. Research for Action 37, UNU World Institute for Development Economics Research.
109. Robison Lindon J., Allan A. Schmid, Marcelo E. Siles. 2002. Is social capital really capital? Review of Social Economy, 60, 1: 1–21. DOI: 10.1080/00346760110127074.
110. Rosentraub, Mark, Robert Warren. 1987. Citizen participation in the production of urban services. Public Productivity Review, 10: 75–89. DOI: 10.1177%2F004208168401900403.
111. Rowe, John W., Robert L. Kahn. 1998. Successful aging. New York: Pantheon/Random House.
112. Rutkowska, Anna. 2012. Istota kapitału ludzkiego i wybrane metody jego pomiaru. Zarządzanie i Finanse, 10.1, 3: 339–348.
113. Sadowski, Andrzej. 2006. Białystok. Kapitał społeczny mieszkańców miasta. Białystok: Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomii w Białymstoku.
114. Sharp, Eleine B. 1980: Toward a New Understanding of Urban Services and Citizen Participation: The Coproduction Concept. American Review of Public Administration, 14, 2: 105–118. DOI: 10.1177/027507408001400203.
115. Sicilia, Mariafrancesca, Enrico Guarini, Alesandro Sancino, Martino Andreani, Renato Ruffini. 2016. Public services management and co-production in multi-level governance settings. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 82, 1: 8–27. DOI: 10.1177%2 F0020852314566008.
116. Silagi Marcela Lima, Camila Maia Rabelo, Eliane Schochat, Leticia Lessa Mansur. 2015. Healthy aging and compensation of sentence comprehension auditory deficits. BioMed Research Internationa. 640657. DOI: 10.1155/2015 /640657.
117. Sorrentino, Maddalena, Mariafrancesca Sicilia, Michael Howlett. 2018. Understanding co-production as a new public governance tool, policy and society. Policy and Society, 37, 3: 277–293. DOI: 10.1080/14494035.2018.1521676.
118. Starzenie się ludności w Unii Europejskiej – stan obecny i prognoza. 2018. Opracowania tematyczne (OT–662), Warszawa: Kancelaria Senatu, Biuro analiz, dokumentacji i korespondencji. https://www.senat.gov.pl/gfx/senat/pl/senatopracowania/160/plik/ot-662.pdf. Dostęp 18.07.2022.
119. Sześciło, Dawid. 2014. Współzarządzanie (zarządzanie partycypacyjne): teoria i praktyka. Administracja: teoria, dydaktyka, praktyka, 2, 35: 49–66.
120. Sześciło, Dawid. 2015a. Współzarządzanie a usługi publiczne. In: S. Mazur, eds. Współzarządzanie publiczne. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar, 286–302.
121. Sześciło, Dawid. 2015b. W poszukiwaniu trzeciej drogi – poza etatystycznym i rynkowym modelem usług publicznych. https://www.academia. edu/12658333/W_poszukiwaniu_trzeciej_drogi_poza_etatystycznym_i_rynkowym_modelem_us%C5%82ug_publicznych. Access 18.09.2018.
122. Sześciło, Dawid. 2015c. Samoobsługowe państwo dobrobytu. Czy obywatelska koprodukcja uratuje usługi publiczne? Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar.
123. Sześciło, Dawid. 2015d. Koprodukcja a ekonomia społeczna. Alternatywa rozłączna czy komplementarność? Ekonomia Społeczna, 1: 79–87. DOI: 10.15678/ES.2015.1.06.
124. Szukalski, Piotr. 2009. Przygotowanie do starości jako zadanie dla jednostek i zbiorowości. In: P. Szukalski, ed. Przygotowanie do starości. Polacy wobec starzenia się. Warszawa: Instytut Spraw Publicznych, 39–55.
125. The State of Ageing in 2019: Adding Life to Our Years, London: The Centre for Ageing Better. https://ageing-better.org.uk/resources/state-of-ageing-2019. Access 17.07.2022.
126. Theiss, Maria. 2012. Krewni – znajomi – obywatele. Kapitał społeczny a lokalna polityka społeczna. Toruń: Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek.
127. Thomsen, Mette K., Morten Jakobsen. 2015. Influencing Citizen Coproduction by Sending Encouragement and Advice: A Field Experiment. International Public Management Journal, 18: 286–303. DOI: 10.1080/10967494.2014.996628.
128. Timonen, Virpi. 2016. Beyond successful and active ageing: A theory of model ageing. Bristol: Policy Press. DOI: /10.2307/j.ctt1t88xh2. Access 17.07.2022.
129. Trutkowski, Cezary, Sławomir Mandes. 2005. Kapitał społeczny w małych miastach. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Scholar.
130. United Nations. 2019a. World Population Prospects 2019, Volume I: Comprehensive Tables (ST/ESA/SER.A/426), New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. https://population.un.org/wpp/publications/Files/WPP2019_Volume-I_Comprehensive-Tables.pdf. Access 18.08.2021.
131. United Nations. 2019b. World Population Prospects 2019, Volume II: Demographic Profiles (ST/ESA/SER.A/427), New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. https://population.un.org/wpp/publications/Files/WPP2017_Volume-II-Demographic-Profiles.pdf. Access 18.08.2021.
132. UNECE. 2017. Realizing the potential of living longer, Policy Brief on Ageing No. 19. https://unece.org/DAM/pau/age/Policy_briefs/ECE-WG1-26.pdf. Dostęp 17.07.2022.
133. Wang, XiaoHu, Montgomery Van Wart. 2007. When public participation in administration leads to trust: An empirical assessment of managers’ perceptions. Public Administration Review, 67, 2: 265–278. DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6210.2007.00712.x.
134. Whitaker, Gordon P. 1980. Co-production: citizen participation in service delivery. Public Administration Review, 40: 240–246. DOI: 10.2307/975377.
135. World Health Organization (WHO). 2002. Active ageing: A policy framework. Geneva: WHO.
136. Vanleene, Daphne, Bram Verschuere, Joris Voets. 2015. Benefits and risks of co-production a preliminary literature review. Paper for the IIAS Conference on co-production of public services, Nijmegen. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/55783288.pdf. Access 19.07.2022.
137. Verschuere, Bram, Taco Brandsen, Victor Pestoff. 2012. Co-production: The state of the art in research and the future agenda. International Journal of Voluntary and Non-Profit Organization, 23:1083–1101. DOI: 10.1007/s11266-012-9307-8.
138. Visaria, Abhijit, Premchand Dommaraju. 2019. Productive aging in India. Social Science and Medicine, 229: 14–21. DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.07.029.
139. Zaidi, Asghar, Keneth Howse. 2017. The policy discourse of active ageing: some reflections. Journal of Population Ageing, 10: 1–10. DOI: 10.1007/s12062-017-9174-6.
140. Zdrojewski, Eugeniusz. 2009. Tworzenie zasobów kapitału ludzkiego w Polsce. Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Nauk Ekonomicznych Politechniki Koszalińskiej, 13: 51–65.
141. Zrałek, Maria. 2014a. Tworzenie warunków sprzyjających aktywności ludzi starszych. In:. Regionalny Ośrodek Polityki Społecznej Województwa Śląskiego, eds. Osoby starsze w przestrzeni życia społecznego. Katowice: OMIKRON Sp. z o.o, 32–45.
142. Zrałek, Maria. 2014b. Tworzenie podstaw dla partycypacji osób starszych w życiu społecznym. In: A. Kamińska, E. Kraus, K. Ślęczka, Sosnowiec, eds. Jak możliwy jest dialog? Kraków: Wydawnictwo Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas, 112–121.
143. Żuk, Krzysztof. 2007. Samorząd terytorialny w procesie świadczenia usług komunalnych. In: A. Miszczuk, M. Miszczuk, K. Żuk, eds. Gospodarka samorządu terytorialnego. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN, 140–141.
144. Xu Zongyou, Wanjia Zhang, Xuewen Zhang, Yixi Wang, Qing Chen, Bo Gao, Ningxiu Li. 2022. Multi-Level Social Capital and Subjective Wellbeing Among the Elderly: Understanding the Effect of Family, Workplace, Community, and Society Social Capital. Frontiers in Public Health, 10. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.772601.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Grzegorz Gawron
1
ORCID: ORCID
  1. Uniwersytet Śląski

Investigation of transient heat transfer in composite walls using carbon/epoxy composites as an example

Janusz Terpiłowski Bartosz Gawron Grzegorz Woroniak
Archives of Thermodynamics | 2015 | No 4 December | 87-105 | DOI: 10.1515/aoter-2015-0035
Keywords thermal properties flash method thermal diffusivity carbon composites epoxy composites carbon fiber epoxy resin
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The paper presents the application of similarity theory to investigations of transient heat transfer in materials with complex structure. It describes the theoretical-experimental method for identification and design of the structure of two-component composite walls based on the research of the thermal diffusivity for the composite and its matrix separately. The thermal diffusivity was measured by means of the modified flash method. The method was tested on two samples of double-layer ‘epoxy resin – polyamide’. All the investigated samples had the same diameter of 12 mm and thickness ranging from 1.39–2.60 mm and their equivalent value of thermal diffusivity ranging from (1.21–1.98)×10-7m2/s. Testing the method and research on carbon/epoxy composites was carried out at temperatures close to room temperature.
Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Terpiłowski
Bartosz Gawron
Grzegorz Woroniak

Exergo-Ecological Assessment Of Auxiliary Fuel Injection Into Blast-Furnace

W. Stanek L. Blacha M. Szega M. Niesler M. Gawron
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials | 2015 | No 2 June | DOI: 10.1515/amm-2015-0196
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Authors and Affiliations

W. Stanek
L. Blacha
M. Szega
M. Niesler
M. Gawron

Modeling of HgCdTe LWIR detector for high operation temperature conditions

W. Gawron P. Martyniuk P. Madejczyk A. Rogalski J. Piotrowski
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2013 | No 2 | 159-170 | DOI: 10.2478/mms-2013-0014
Keywords HgCdTe IR detector Auger suppression HOT detectors
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The paper reports on the photoelectrical performance of the long wavelength infrared (LWIR) HgCdTe high operating temperature (HOT) detector. The detector structure was simulated with commercially available software APSYS by Crosslight Inc. taking into account SRH, Auger and tunnelling currents. A detailed analysis of the detector performance such as dark current, detectivity, time response as a function of device architecture and applied bias is performed, pointing out optimal working conditions.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

W. Gawron
P. Martyniuk
P. Madejczyk
A. Rogalski
J. Piotrowski

Measurements of Low Frequency Noise of Infrared Photo-Detectors with Transimpedance Detection System

Łukasz Ciura Andrzej Kolek Waldemar Gawron Andrzej Kowalewski Dariusz Stanaszek
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2014 | No 3 | 461-472 | DOI: 10.2478/mms-2014-0039
Keywords 1/f noise infrared detectors nBn structure HgCdTe heterostructure noise measurements transimpedance detection system type-II InAs/GaSb superlattice
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The paper presents the method and results of low-frequency noise measurements of modern mid-wavelength infrared photodetectors. A type-II InAs/GaSb superlattice based detector with nBn barrier architecture is compared with a high operating temperature (HOT) heterojunction HgCdTe detector. All experiments were made in the range 1 Hz - 10 kHz at various temperatures by using a transimpedance detection system, which is examined in detail. The power spectral density of the nBn’s dark current noise includes Lorentzians with different time constants while the HgCdTe photodiode has more uniform 1/f - shaped spectra. For small bias, the low-frequency noise power spectra of both devices were found to scale linearly with bias voltage squared and were connected with the fluctuations of the leakage resistance. Leakage resistance noise defines the lower noise limit of a photodetector. Other dark current components give raise to the increase of low-frequency noise above this limit. For the same voltage biasing devices, the absolute noise power densities at 1 Hz in nBn are 1 to 2 orders of magnitude lower than in a MCT HgCdTe detector. In spite of this, low-frequency performance of the HgCdTe detector at ~ 230K is still better than that of InAs/GaSb superlattice nBn detector.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Łukasz Ciura
Andrzej Kolek
Waldemar Gawron
Andrzej Kowalewski
Dariusz Stanaszek

Extending scientific computing system with structural quantum programming capabilities

P. Gawron J. Klamka J. Miszczak R. Winiarczyk
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2010 | 58 | No 1 | 77-88 | DOI: 10.2478/v10175-010-0008-4
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Authors and Affiliations

P. Gawron
J. Klamka
J. Miszczak
R. Winiarczyk

Surface smoothness improvement of HgCdTe layers grown by MOCVD

J. Rutkowski W. Gawron P. Madejczyk K. Kłos A. Piotrowski A. Rogalski W. Mróz
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2009 | vol. 57 | No 2 | 139-146 | DOI: 10.2478/v10175-010-0114-3
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Authors and Affiliations

J. Rutkowski
W. Gawron
P. Madejczyk
K. Kłos
A. Piotrowski
A. Rogalski
W. Mróz

G-DNA – a highly efficient multi-GPU/MPI tool for aligning nucleotide reads

W. Frohmberg M. Kierzynka J. Blazewicz P. Gawron P. Wojciechowski
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2013 | 61 | No 4 | 989-992 | DOI: 10.2478/bpasts-2013-0106
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Authors and Affiliations

W. Frohmberg
M. Kierzynka
J. Blazewicz
P. Gawron
P. Wojciechowski

Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity and Phenolic Compound Content in Different Leaf Extracts from Selected Blackberry Species

Anna Gawron-Gzella Marlena Dudek-Makuch Irena Matławska
Acta Biologica Cracoviensia s. Botanica | 2012 | vol. 54 | No 2 | DOI: 10.2478/v10182-012-0017-8
Keywords Rubus blackberry leaf extract antioxidant activity DPPH phenolic compounds phenolic acids
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

We used DPPH scavenging assays to study the antioxidant activity of three native Polish species of blackberry leaves (Rubus kuleszae Ziel., R. fabrimontanus (Sprib.) Sprib. and R. capitulatus Utsch.). All the studied extracts (methanolic, water, methanolic-water) showed high DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC50 450.0-186.0 μg/ml). The most effective of the studied species was Rubus kuleszae. Total content of phenolic compounds (70.50-136.04 mg GAE/g) and phenolic acids (14.70-38.26 mg CAE/g) was determined spectrophotometrically. Antioxidant activity correlated positively with total content of phenolic compounds and phenolic acids.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Anna Gawron-Gzella
Marlena Dudek-Makuch
Irena Matławska

Marek Stanisław Szczepański (13 kwietnia 1956 – 11 października 2023). Wspomnienie

Krzysztof Bierwiaczonek Grzegorz Gawron Barbara Lewicka Małgorzata Suchecka
Studia Socjologiczne | 2023 | No 4 | 5-9 | DOI: 10.24425/sts.2023.148337
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Authors and Affiliations

Krzysztof Bierwiaczonek
Grzegorz Gawron
ORCID: ORCID
Barbara Lewicka
ORCID: ORCID
Małgorzata Suchecka

Analysis of Free-Space Optics Development

Janusz Mikołajczyk Zbigniew Bielecki Maciej Bugajski Józef Piotrowski Jacek Wojtas Waldemar Gawron Dariusz Szabra Artur Prokopiuk
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2017 | vol. 24 | No 4 | 653–674 | DOI: 10.1515/mms-2017-0060
Keywords optical communications open path laser communications line of sight communications free space optics
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The article presents state of work in technology of free-space optical communications (Free Space Optics − FSO). Both commercially available optical data links and their further development are described. The main elements and operation limiting factors of FSO systems have been identified. Additionally, analyses of FSO/RF hybrid systems application are included. The main aspects of LasBITer project related to such hybrid technology for security and defence applications are presented.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Mikołajczyk
Zbigniew Bielecki
Maciej Bugajski
Józef Piotrowski
Jacek Wojtas
Waldemar Gawron
Dariusz Szabra
Artur Prokopiuk

Theoretical Simulation of a Room Temperature HgCdTe Long-Wave Detector for Fast Response − Operating Under Zero Bias Conditions

Piotr Martyniuk Małgorzata Kopytko Paweł Madejczyk Aleksandra Henig Kacper Grodecki Waldemar Gawron Jarosław Rutkowski
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2017 | vol. 24 | No 4 | 729–738 | DOI: 10.1515/mms-2017-0055
Keywords Response Time unbiased condition HgCdTe LWIR higher operating temperature
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

The paper reports on a long-wave infrared (cut-off wavelength ~ 9 μm) HgCdTe detector operating under nbiased condition and room temperature (300 K) for both short response time and high detectivity operation. The ptimal structure in terms of the response time and detectivity versus device architecture was shown. The response time of the long-wave (active layer Cd composition, xCd = 0.19) HgCdTe detector for 300 K was calculated at a level of τs ~ 1 ns for zero bias condition, while the detectivity − at a level of D* ~ 109 cmHz1/2/W assuming immersion. It was presented that parameters of the active layer and P+ barrier layer play a critical role in order to reach τs ≤ 1 ns. An extra series resistance related to the processing (RS+ in a range 5−10 Ω) increased the response time more than two times (τs ~ 2.3 ns).

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Piotr Martyniuk
Małgorzata Kopytko
Paweł Madejczyk
Aleksandra Henig
Kacper Grodecki
Waldemar Gawron
Jarosław Rutkowski

Growth of MOCVD HgCdTe heterostructures for uncooled infrared photodetectors

A. Piotrowski P. Madejczyk W. Gawron K. Kłos J. Pawluczyk M. Grudzień J. Piotrowski A. Rogalski
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences | 2005 | vol. 53 | No 2 | 139-149
Keywords MOCVD growth HgCdTe ternary alloy room temperature infrared photodetectors
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In the paper recent progress at VIGO/MUT (Military University of Technology) MOCVD Laboratory in the growth of Hg1-xCdxTe (HgCdTe) multilayer heterostructures on GaAs/CdTe substrates is presented. The optimum conditions for the growth of single layers and complex multilayer heterostructures have been established. One of the crucial stages of HgCdTe epitaxy is CdTe nucleation on GaAs substrate. Successful composite substrates have been obtained with suitable substrate preparation, liner and susceptor treatment, proper control of background fluxes and appropriate nucleation conditions. The other critical stage is the interdiffused multilayer process (IMP). The growth of device-quality HgCdTe heterostructures requires complete homogenization of CdTe-HgTe pairs preserving at the same time suitable sharpness of composition and doping profiles. This requires for IMP pairs to be very thin and grown in a short time.

Arsenic and iodine have been used for acceptor and donor doping. Suitable growth conditions and post growth anneal is essential for stable and reproducible doping. In situ anneal seems to be sufficient for iodine doping at any required level. In contrast, efficient As doping with near 100% activation requires ex situ anneal at near saturated mercury vapours. As a result we are able to grow multilayer fully doped (100) and (111) heterostructures for various infrared devices including photoconductors, photoelectromagnetic and photovoltaic detectors. The present generation of uncooled long wavelength infrared devices is based on multijunction photovoltaic devices. The technology steps in fabrication of devices are described. It is shown that near-BLIP performance is possible to achieve at ≈ 230 K with optical immersion. These devices are especially promising as 7.8–9.5 um detectors, indicating the potential for achieving detectivities above 109 cmHz1/2/W.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

A. Piotrowski
P. Madejczyk
W. Gawron
K. Kłos
J. Pawluczyk
M. Grudzień
J. Piotrowski
A. Rogalski

Fast Response Hot (111) HGCDTE MWIR Detectors

Kacper Grodecki Piotr Martyniuk Małgorzata Kopytko Andrzej Kowalewski Dawid Stępień Artur Kębłowski Adam Piotrowski Józef Piotrowski Waldemar Gawron Antoni Rogalski
Metrology and Measurement Systems | 2017 | vol. 24 | No 3 | 509–514 | DOI: 10.1515/mms-2017-0044
Keywords HgCdTe MWIR photodetector Response Time
Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex

Abstract

In this work we report simulation and experimental results for an MWIR HgCdTe photodetector designed by computer simulation and fabricated in a joint laboratory run by VIGO Sytems S.A. and Military University of Technology. The device is based on a modified N+pP+ heterostructure grown on 2”., epiready, semi-insulating (100) GaAs substrates in a horizontal MOCVD AIX 200 reactor.

The devices were examined by measurements of spectral and time responses as a function of a bias voltage and operating temperatures. The time response was measured with an Optical Parametric Oscillator (OPO) as the source of ~25 ps pulses of infrared radiation, tuneable in a 1.55–16 μm spectral range. Two-stage Peltier cooled devices (230 K) with a 4.1 μm cut-off wavelength were characterized by 1.6 × 1012 cm Hz1/2/W peak detectivity and < 1 ns time constant for V > 500 mV.

Go to article

Authors and Affiliations

Kacper Grodecki
Piotr Martyniuk
Małgorzata Kopytko
Andrzej Kowalewski
Dawid Stępień
Artur Kębłowski
Adam Piotrowski
Józef Piotrowski
Waldemar Gawron
Antoni Rogalski

This page uses 'cookies'. Learn more