The main aim of this article is to survey and discuss the existing state of art concerning the assignability by a feedback of numerical characteristics of linear continuous and discrete time-varying systems. Most of the results present necessary or sufficient conditions for different formulation of the Lyapunov spectrum assignability problem. These conditions are expressed in terms of various controllability types and optimalizability of the controlled systems and certain properties of the free system such as: regularity, diagonalizability, boundness away, integral separation and reducibility.

In this paper we study the dynamical behavior of linear discrete-time fractional systems. The first main result is that the norm of the difference of two different solutions of a time-varying discrete-time Caputo equation tends to zero not faster than polynomially. The second main result is a complete description of the decay to zero of the trajectories of one-dimensional time-invariant stable Caputo and Riemann-Liouville equations. Moreover, we present Volterra convolution equations, that are equivalent to Caputo and Riemann-Liouvile equations and we also show an explicit formula for the solution of systems of time-invariant Caputo equations.

In this paper, we establish variation of constant formulas for both Caputo and Riemann- Liouville fractional difference equations. The main technique is the Z -transform. As an application, we prove a lower bound on the separation between two different solutions of a class of nonlinear scalar fractional difference equations.