Abstract
This study investigated the recovery behavior of valuable metals (Co, Ni, Cu and Mn) in spent lithium ion-batteries based on Al2O3-SiO2-CaO-Fe2O3 slag system via DC submerged arc smelting process. The valuable metals were recovered by 93.9% at the 1250℃ for 30 min on the 20Al2O3-40SiO2-20CaO-20Fe2O3 (mass%) slag system. From the analysis of the slag by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, it was considered that Fe2O3 and Al2O3 acted as basic oxides to depolymerize SiO4 and AlO4 under the addition of critical 20 mass% Fe2O3 in 20Al2O3-40SiO2-CaO-Fe2O3 (CaO + Fe2O3 = 40 mass%). In addition, it was observed that the addition of Fe2O3 ranging between 20 and 30 mass% lowers the melting point of the slag system.
Go to article
Bibliography
[1] S. Al-Thyabat, T. Nakamura, E. Shibata, A. Iizuka, Minerals Engineering 45, 4-17 (2013).
[2] L. Lu, X. Han, J. Li, J. Hua, M. Ouyang, Journal of Power Sources 226, 272-288 (2013).
[3] X. Wang, G. Gaustad, C.-W. Babbitt, C. Bailey, Journal of Environmental Management 135, 126-134 (2014).
[4] A. Boyden, V.-K. Soo, M. Doolan, Procedia CIRP 48, 188-193 (2016).
[5] X. Zheng, Z. Zhu, X. Lin, Y. Zhang, Y. He, H. Cao, Z. Sun, Engineering 4, 361-370 (2018).
[6] T.-G. Maschler, B. Friedrich, R. Weyhe, H. Heegn, M. Rutz, Journal of Power Sources 207, 173-182 (2012).
[7] G . Wu, S. Seebold, E. Yazhenskikh, K. Hack, M. Müller, Fuel Processing Technology 171, 339-349 (2018).
[8] M.-L. Pearce, J.-F. Beisler, Journal of The American Ceramic Society 49, 547-551 (1966).
[9] N. Saito, N. Hori, K. Nakashima, K. Mori, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 34B, 509-516 (2003).
[10] M. Nakamoto, Y. Miyanayashi, L, Holappa, T. Tanaka, ISIJ International 47, 1409-1415 (2007).
[11] H . Park, J.-Y. Park, G.-H. Kim, I. Sohn, Steel Research Int. 83, 150-156 (2012).
[12] H . Kim, W.-H. Kim, I. Sohn, D.-J. Min, Steel Research Int. 81, 261-264 (2010).
[13] J.-H. Park, D.-J. Min, H.-S. Song, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 35B, 269-275 (2004).
[14] G .-H. Cartledge, The Journal of the American Chemical Society 50, 2855-2863(1928).
[15] D. Wang, L. Jin, Y. Li, B. Wei, D. Yao, T. Wang, H. Hu, Fuel Processing Technology 191, 20-28 (2019).
[16] J. Pesl, R.-H. Eric, Minerals Engineering 15, 971-984 (2002).
[17] S. Wu, J. Xu, S. Yang, Q. Zhou, L. Zhang, ISIJ international 50, 1032-1039 (2010).
[18] X.-J. Zhai, N.-J. Li, X. Zhang, F.-U. Yan, L. Jiang, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 21, 2117-2121 (2011).
[19] G . Ren, S. Xiao, M. Xie, PAN. Bing, C. Jian, F. Wang, X. Xia, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China 27, 450-456 (2017).
[20] V . Rayapudi, S. Agrawal, N. Dhawan, Minerals Engineering 138, 204-214 (2019).
[21] K. Prabriputaloong, M.-R. Piggott, Journal of the American Ceramic Society 56, 177-180 (1973).
[22] C. Hamann, D. Stoffler, W.-U. Reimold, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 192, 295-317 (2016).
Go to article
en
pl
