The problem of freedom features prominently in many great novels, and Don Quixote, as any attentive reader will know, is no exception. Cervantes was deeply concerned with that issue, and, what is also known, he had an abiding interest in Erasmianism, a set of beliefs and attitudes espoused by his tutor Juan López de Hoyos. The Erasmian connect-ion can be traced back not to the writer's biography but also to various points in his work. This article examines Cervantes' handling of the theme of freedom in Don Quixote in such a way that each of the issues can be taken up for further, in-depth analysis. They range from religion and society in Renaissance Spain, the role of women and their pursuit of emancipation, the vogue for transgression of literary norms and conventions, excessive wealth and social inequalities to the Erasmian affirmation of free will. All of these problems are presented here just in outline. Detailed and exhaustive analyses will, hope-fully, follow in the future.

Due to speed-dependent centrifugal forces, the support of the torque, static mechanical stress introduced by manufacturing processes the laminated core of rotating electrical machines is exposed to considerable mechanical stress. The resulting stress distribution changes the magnetic properties of the electrical steel. To take this into account, a magnetization model is constituted on the basis of vector magneto-mechanical measurements that include the magnetic permeability as a function of the mechanical stress and the angle between magnetization - and the maximum principal stress direction. Subsequently, the model is integrated into the finite element simulation of a permanent magnet excited synchronous machine at different rotational speeds.

In this work, nanosized Ni (nNi) powders of 50 nm are mixed with Cr and Ni submicron-powders (600 nm) to fabricate ­Cr-50 mass% Ni alloys by vacuum hot pressing. In order to evaluate the influence of the nanosized Ni powders, different amounts of nanosized Ni powders are added to produce the Cr-(50-x) mass% Ni-x mass% nNi alloys (x = 0, 10, 20 , and 30). The hot pressing was maintained at 1275°C, 48 MPa for 1 h. The microstructure evaluation, mechanical, and electrical properties were performed. The results reveal that mechanical and electrical properties are enhanced when increasing the nNi addition. The Cr-20 mass% ­Ni-30 mass% nNi presents the highest relative density of 96.53% and the electrical conductivity of 2.18×104 Scm–1, moreover, the hardness and transverse rupture strength values increase to 76.1 HRA and 1217 MPa, respectively. Moreover, a more homogeneous microstructure and a decrease in the mean grain size to 3.15 μm are acquired. Significantly, this fabrication procedure (adding 30 mass% nanosized nickel powders) results in the optimal microstructure, electrical and mechanical properties of submicron-structured Cr-(50-x) mass% Ni-x mass% nNi alloys.

The research presented in detail in this scientific paper refers to the modelling of process parameters for natural gas transmission in a centralized system. The method of the factorial experiment was used to model some parameters considered to be vital, namely the gas temperature, the air temperature as well as a certain correction factor on the flow delivered to the population. The study was conducted by accessing information provided by a regulation-measurement station that delivers gas to an important locality in a locality in central Romania. Experimental data collected over 24 hours on a summer day but also on a winter day were used. After a previous study with classical experimental research methods, the factorial experiment was used, which allows the delivery of much more detailed information and the graphical representations are much more precise and detailed, in other words, relevant and useful conclusions can be obtained on objective studied in the research approached.