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Abstract

This article presents the results of a study aimed at reconstructing the image of the woman citizen promoted in the women’s magazines in 1989–1992, the first phase of the great transformation following the collapse of Poland’s socialist system. Within the scope of the study were high-circulation magazines (over 500,000 copies), including the two leading weeklies “Przyjaciółka” and “Kobieta i Życie”. A total of 208 issues of every magazine published in that time span were analyzed. The methods used included content and textual analysis, complemented by the examination of some recurrent topoi treated as indicators of some inexplicit (hidden) meanings, i.e. the attitudes of women to the process of reform, their role in the agenda for change, and the barriers they came up against in the public sphere.
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Bibliography

Sources
„BF” 1989–1992.
„W&L” 1989–1992.

Scientific studies
Ash T., Rewolucja 1989 widziana w Warszawie, Budapeszcie, Berlinie i Pradze, Londyn 1990.
Boronowska M., Nowe szanse ale czy nowoczesny sposób funkcjonowania współczesnej kobiety?, [in:] Ona w XXI wieku — interdyscyplinarny obraz kobiety, ed. M. Baranowska-‑Szczepańska, Poznań 2011.
Filas R., Dwadzieścia lat przemian polskich mediów (1989–2009) w ujęciu periodycznym, „Zeszyty Prasoznawcze” 2010, no. 3–4.
Filas R., Zmiany w czytelnictwie prasy w Polsce 1989–1992 na tle przemian oferty prasowej, [in:] Transformacja prasy polskiej (1989–1992), ed. A. Słomkowska, Warszawa 1992.
Frąckowiak‑Sochańska M., Superwomen – córki „Matek Polek”. Co zyskują i co tracą współczesne Polki realizujące wzorzec superwomen?, [in:] Ona w XXI wieku — inter-dyscyplinarny obraz kobiety, ed. M. Baranowska‑Szczepańska, Poznań 2011.
Friszke A., Rok 1989: polska droga do wolności, Warszawa 2009.
Grabowska M., Zerwana genealogia. Działalność społeczna i polityczna kobiet po 1945 roku a współczesny polski ruch kobiecy, Warszawa 2018.
Jarowiecki J., Przekształcenia prasy polskiej w latach 1989–1995, [in:] Transformacja mediów 1989–1995, ed. A. Słomkowska, Warszawa 1996.
Małkiewicz A., Wybory czerwcowe 1989, Warszawa 1994. McLuhan M., Zrozumieć media. Przedłużenie człowieka, Warszawa 2004.
Murat M., Topos wędrówki i wędrówka przez toposy, [in:] Toposy (w) filozofii. Filozofia i jej miejsce w doświadczeniu kulturowym, ed. M. Woźniczka, M. Perek, Częstochowa 2018.
Pawlus M., Tożsamość polskich kobiet –- pomiędzy tradycją a nowoczesnością, [in:] Waleczny duch kobiety. Społeczno‑ekonomiczne aspekty ról kobiecych, ed. K. Lendzion, O. Kotowska‑Wójcik, Warszawa 2015.
Pokorna‑Ignatowicz K., Robotnicza Spółdzielnia Wydawnicza „Prasa‑Książka‑Ruch” w polskim systemie medialnym, Kraków 2016.
Ptaszek G., Jak badać medialny obraz świata?, [in:] Współczesne media. Medialny obraz świata, t. 1: Zagadnienia teoretyczne, ed. I. Hofman, D. Kępa‑Figura, Lublin 2015.
Skowronek B., Mediolingwistyka: teoria –metodologia - idea, „Postscriptum Polonistyczne” 2014, 2/14.
Sobczak B., Medialne obrazy świata z perspektywy retorycznej (na przykładzie recepcji medialnej śmierci pochówku Czesława Miłosza), „Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne: Seria Językoznawcza” 2011, t. 18, z. 2.
Słomkowska A., Zmiany w mediach w roku poprzedzającym zniesienie cenzury, [in:] Transformacja mediów 1989–1995, ed. A. Słomkowska, Warszawa 1996.
Sokół Z., Transformacja czasopism kobiecych w Polsce w latach (1989–1997), „Rocznik Historii Prasy Polskiej” 1998, t. 1, z. 1–2.
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Authors and Affiliations

Anna Szwed-Walczak
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Wydział Politologii i Dziennikarstwa, Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej, Plac Litewski 3, PL 20-080 Lublin
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Abstract

The paper investigates Bayesian approach to estimate generalized true random-effects models (GTRE). The analysis shows that under suitably defined priors for transient and persistent inefficiency terms the posterior characteristics of such models are well approximated using simple Gibbs sampling. No model re-parameterization is required. The proposed modification not only allows us to make more reasonable (less informative) assumptions as regards prior transient and persistent inefficiency distribution but also appears to be more reliable in handling especially noisy datasets. Empirical application furthers the research into stochastic frontier analysis using GTRE models by examining the relationship between inefficiency terms in GTRE, true random-effects, generalized stochastic frontier and a standard stochastic frontier model.

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Authors and Affiliations

Kamil Makieła
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Abstract

Artykuł podejmuje temat relacji pomiędzy ontologicznymi założeniami teorii praktyk społecznych a metodologią badań projektowanych w nurcie tej teorii. Autorzy przedstawiają kluczowe założenia teorii praktyk, skupiając się na tym, co wspólne w pracach trzech najważniejszych postaci skupionych wokół nurtu teorii praktyk. Artykuł przedstawia najważniejsze implikacje metodologiczne wynikające z tychże założeń. W ostatniej części tekstu autorzy przyglądają się nowym nurtom studiów nad rodziną prowadzonych w duchu teorii praktyk, na ich przykładzie identyfi kluczowe ryzyka i problemy wiążące się z empirycznym wykorzystaniem teorii praktyk oraz strategie mierzenia się z tymi wyzwaniami.
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Authors and Affiliations

Marta Skowrońska
1
ORCID: ORCID
Filip Schmidt
1

  1. Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza
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Abstract

Recent investigations of micro engines have documented the problem of low efficiency of steady compression devices [2]. As a solution, the application of unsteady processes has been proposed [1, 6, 17-20]. Closer investigations have shown the applicability of pure unsteady devices for gas compression, but it is also shown that they are practically not applicable for torque generation [21]. A new concept of the wave engine has to be developed.

This paper presents such a new concept and numerical investigation of the hybrid wave engine. A hybrid wave engine combines in a single machine components realizing unsteady compression, steady expansion, and mixed unsteady and steady scavenging due to the centrifugal force action. MEMS technology requires or prefers a flat geometry. Therefore, the use of a radial type of wave compression device for air compression is proposed. A numerical, two-dimensional complete model of this device was built, and several numerical simulations of engine operations were performed. The numerical model includes the simplified model of the combustion chamber closing the flow loop between the high-pressure compressed air port and the high-pressure hot exhaust gas port. The model represents the complete flow scheme of the hybrid wave engine. A special type of turbine in radial configuration with serial flow layout is used for torque generation.

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Authors and Affiliations

Janusz Piechna
Dawid Dyntar

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