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Abstract

A recent study revealed that the amount of rainfall on the Kapuas River has increased over the last 30 years. The increase in rainfall increases the possibility of high discharge events, which might lead to destructive flooding of the Kapuas River and its tributaries. Hence, the ability to characterise the pattern of high discharge events is compulsory for the development and management of the Kapuas River watershed. The main objective of this study was to assess and characterise flood patterns in the Kapuas River watershed. To achieve this objective, we utilised information and complexity measures that consisted of mean information gain ( MIG), effective measure complexity ( EMC) and fluctuation complexity ( FC) in daily water level records from 2002 to 2011 from a gauging station in Sanggau, West Kalimantan Province. The results revealed that flood events in the Kapuas River were mainly generated by the Indo-Australian monsoon, which occurred from December to March. The anomaly in 2010, when intense flood events were observed during the dry season, can be identified as the effect of a strong negative El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Additionally, the analysis of the information and complexity measures indicates that: (i) EMC, which reflects the length of flood events, tends to increase along with greater discharge, and (ii) MIG and FC, which denote the degree of randomness and fluctuation of flood events, respectively, tended to have higher values when the number of months without high discharge was less.
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Authors and Affiliations

Gillang N.N. Gusti
1
ORCID: ORCID
Henny Herawati
2
ORCID: ORCID
Kiyosi Kawanisi
1
ORCID: ORCID
Mohamad B. Al Sawaf
3
ORCID: ORCID
Mochammad M. Danial
4
ORCID: ORCID

  1. Hiroshima University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima City, 739-8527, Hiroshima, Japan
  2. Tanjungpura University, Department of Civil Engineering, Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia
  3. Kitami Institute of Technology, Department of Engineering, Kitami, Hokkaido, Japan
  4. Tanjungpura University, Department of Ocean Engineering, Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia
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Abstract

The possibilities of using an inorganic phosphate binder for the ablation casting technology are discussed in this paper. This kind of binder was selected for the process due to its inorganic character and water-solubility. Test castings were made in the sand mixture containing this binder. Each time during the pouring liquid alloy into the molds and solidification process of castings, the temperature in the mold was examined. Then the properties of the obtained castings were compared to the properties of the castings solidifying at ambient temperature in similar sand and metal molds. Post-process materials were also examined - quartz matrix and water. It has been demonstrated that ablation casting technology promotes refining of the microstructure, and thus upgrades the mechanical properties of castings (Rm was raised about approx. 20%). Properties of these castings are comparable to the castings poured in metal moulds. However, the post-process water does not meet the requirements of ecology, which significantly reduces the possibility of its cheap disposal.
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Bibliography


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[9] Taghipourian, M., Mohammadalihab, M., Boutorabic, S. & Mirdamadic, S. (2016). The effect of waterjet beginning time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of A356 aluminium alloy during the ablation casting process. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 238, 89-95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.05.004
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[15] Yadav , S., Gupta, N. (2017). Ablation casting process – an emerging process for non ferrous alloys. International Journal of Engineering, Technology, Science and Research. 4(4).
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Authors and Affiliations

S. Puzio
1
ORCID: ORCID
J. Kamińska
1
ORCID: ORCID
K. Major-Gabryś
2
ORCID: ORCID
M. Angrecki
1
ORCID: ORCID

  1. ŁUKASIEWICZ Research Network - Foundry Research Institute, Zakopianska 73, 30-418 Cracow, Poland
  2. AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Foundry Engineering, Mickiewicza 30, 30-059 Cracow, Poland

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